Marine protected areas for whales, dolphins, and porpoises: a world ...

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Habitat Protection for Cetaceans around the World 245 Notes and rationale For more information • Approved Dec 2001 as an SAC under EU Habitats and Species • Contact: Erika Urquiola, Directive in part to protect bottlenose dolphin and loggerhead Sociedad Española de turtle habitat (Annex II criteria); also protects Annex IV species. Cetáceos – SEC (Spanish • SECAC has been working in this area. Cetacean Society), Islas • Cetacean surveys and research are needed to quantify habitat use. Canarias, Spain; email: urquiola@cetaceos.com or sec@cetaceos.com; web: www.cetaceos.com • In 2002 a special committee was created to study the causes and • Contact: Erika Urquiola, origin of the mass strandings of 14 beaked whales (Ziphius and Sociedad Española de Mesoplodon species) on Fuerteventura and Lanzarote in Sept 2002, Cetáceos – SEC (Spanish and to decide what to do; in Nov 2003, the committee decided to Cetacean Society), Islas promote the declaration of southeastern Fuerteventura as an MPA Canarias, Spain; for cetaceans but especially for beaked whales. This would be only email: the second beaked whale protected area in the world, following the urquiola@cetaceos.com or designation of The Gully off Nova Scotia, Canada, for northern sec@cetaceos.com; bottlenose whales. web: www.cetaceos.com • This special nursery area in shallow waters and reefs, identified for • Contact: Michael Schneider; humpback whale mothers and calves by German research group, email: delpharion@aol.com; may require protection in view of large-scale tourism developments mischnei@aol.com planned for the islands. • Land and nearshore national park created in 1986. • Reeves, 2002; • Rationale is to protect diverse habitat including salt marsh, mudflats, Van Waerebeek et al, 2000 dunes, mangrove, swamp, lagoon and ocean as well as • Contact: Koen Van native species. Waerebeek; • ‘Poaching of manatees and bycatch of dolphins and manatees in email: k.van.waerebeek@ fisheries occurs, but these and other harmful activities would be skynet.be; worse without the protection provided by park staff’ (Reeves, 2002). cepec.dir@terra.com.pe • Land and nearshore bird reserve which includes the Bijol islands • Van Waerebeek et al, 2000 and associated inshore waters where there is some dolphin habitat. • Contact: Koen Van Waerebeek; email: k.van.waerebeek@ skynet.be; cepec.dir@terra.com.pe • Largest national park in The Gambia, created in 1987; includes • Reeves, 2002; Van riverine habitat and ‘off limits’ reserve areas. Waerebeek et al, 2000 • ‘Poaching of manatees and bycatch of dolphins and manatees in • Contact: Koen Van fisheries occurs, but these and other harmful activities would be Waerebeek; worse without the protection provided by park staff’ (Reeves, 2002). email: k.van.waerebeek@ • Some commercial dolphin watching in the park helps provide skynet.be; economic incentive for protection (Hoyt, 2001). cepec.dir@terra.com.pe
246 Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises Table 5.11 continued Name of MPA or sanctuary, Cetacean and other notable species location and size GUINEA Republic of Guinea République de Guinée (18) Konkoure Estuary (Delta du • dolphins, probably Atlantic hump-backed dolphin, Sousa Konkoure) MPA teuszii; bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus • Konkoure Estuary (9˚45’N, 13˚41’W) • also: West African manatee MAURITANIA Islamic Republic of Mauritania; République Islamique Arabe et Africaine de Mauritanie (19) Banc d’Arguin National Park • all year: bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus; Atlantic (Parc National du Banc d’Arguin) hump-backed dolphin, Sousa teuszii; orca, Orcinus orca; and Biosphere Reserve harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena; pilot whales, • northern Mauritania, south of Globicephala sp, live mainly in coastal waters by the park, Nouadhibou (Pt Étienne) but can also be seen in the park • includes land and nearshore areas of • also: Mediterranean monk seal, although main Cap Blanc 4632 mi 2 (12,000 km 2 ) colony is just outside the park MOROCCO al-Mamlaka al-Maghrebia (20) Dakhla National Park (Parc • various cetaceans resident and migratory National de Dakhla) • also: Mediterranean monk seal • Dakhla province, western Morocco, on the Atlantic coast • total size uknown but includes marine areas all along the Dahkhla province shoreline SENEGAL République de Sénégal (21) Saloum Delta National Park • Atlantic hump-backed dolphin, Sousa teuszii; bottlenose and Siné-Saloum Biosphere dolphin, Tursiops truncatus Reserve (Parc du Delta du Saloum) • also: West African manatee • Siné-Saloum Delta, opposite northern border of The Gambia and the open Atlantic • 695 mi2 (1800 km2 )
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MARINE PROTECTED AREAS FOR WHALES,
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MARINE PROTECTED AREAS FOR WHALES,
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CONTENTS List of Figures vii List o
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LIST OF FIGURES I.1 The exclusive e
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List of Tables ix 5.16 Indonesian l
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First I must thank
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Acknowledgements xiii Charitable Tr
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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PROLOGUE The publication of this ha
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Prologue xix stakeholders - local c
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INTRODUCTION There are three main d
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Introduction 3 or non-geographicall
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Introduction 5 and dolphins. At tha
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Introduction 7 This world map shows
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BOX I.3 THE PRECAUTIONARY APPROACH
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Introduction 11 do an important job
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Introduction 13 and Birkun, 2002; R
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Ocean Sanctuaries, Marine Reserves
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Table 1.6 International and regiona
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CITES - Convention on • Formulate
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2 WHY SPOTLIGHT WHALES, DOLPHINS AN
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Why Spotlight Whales, Dolphins and
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Table 2.3 Baleen whales. World dist
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Table 2.4 Toothed whales: sperm and
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Table 2.6 Toothed whales: ocean dol
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Table 2.7 Toothed whales: porpoises
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Why Spotlight Whales, Dolphins and
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Creating Better Marine Protected Ar
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B Scientific importance Does the pr
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4 STRATEGIES FOR PROTECTING CETACEA
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Strategies for Protecting Cetaceans
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5 HABITAT PROTECTION FOR CETACEANS
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Habitat Protection for Cetaceans ar
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Case Study 1: Ross Sea - time for n
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Case Study 4: Regno di Nettuno MPA
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• to promote intensive field rese
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Epilogue 449 Table E.1 Total sanctu
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Epilogue 451 4 That the long arm of
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REFERENCES Agardy, T (1997) Marine
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References 455 Bearzi, G (1995) The
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References 457 11th Biennial Confer
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References 459 Vol II, The Great Ba
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References 461 Forcada, J (1995) Ab
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References 463 Hoyt, E (1978) Frien
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References 465 CH Peterson, RS Sten
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References 467 Lauriano, G (1997b)
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References 469 Mercier, F and C Mon
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References 471 Notarbartolo di Scia
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References 473 Prideaux, M (2003a)
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References 475 Sanino, GP and JL Y
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References 477 Tregenza, NJC, SD Be
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Abaco National Park 220-1 Abrolhos
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Calayan Island Protected Area 336-7
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European Union Habitats and Species
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315-6, 342, 359-60, 381, 398, 400,
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Monte Bellos/Barrow Island Marine R
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Queensland 430-3 Race Rocks Candida
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Tierra del Fuego National Park and
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Blainville’s Beaked Whale Mesoplo
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Resident Atlantic spotted dolphins,
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Some 230 northern bottlenose whales
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