Marine protected areas for whales, dolphins, and porpoises: a world ...

Habitat Protection for Cetaceans around the World 89
Table 5.1 Marine regions: countries, biogeographic zones and key treaties
MARINE 1 Antarctic Biogeographic No division into biogeographic zones
REGION zones
Countries and territories
Antarctica, Balleny Island Archipelago (various country bases but no government); South Georgia Island
and South Sandwich Islands (UK), Bouvet (Norway), Prince Edward Island and Marion Island (South
Africa), Crozet Islands and Kerguelen Islands (France), Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Australia)
Key regional treaties and conventions
CCAMLR – Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources; The Madrid Protocol
(Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty)
MARINE 2 Arctic Biogeographic Five biogeographic zones: High Arctic Oceanic,
REGION zones High Arctic Coastal, Arctic Coastal, Arctic
Maritime, Norwegian Coast
Countries and territories
Canada (far north only), Faeroe Islands (Denmark), Greenland (Denmark), Iceland, Norway, Russia (north
only), Shetland Islands (UK), Svalbard (Norway)
Key regional treaties and conventions
Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment (PAME), Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF),
OSPAR Convention
MARINE 3 Mediterranean Biogeographic Ten biogeographic zones: Alborán Sea,
REGION zones Algerian Basin, Tyrrhenian Basin, Ionian Basin,
Levantine Basin, Aegean Sea, Adriatic Sea,
Marmara Sea, Black Sea, Azov Sea
Countries and territories
Mediterranean: Albania, Algeria, Bosnia-Herzogovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Gibraltar (UK),
Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia,
Turkey, Yugoslavia; Black Sea: Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine
Key regional treaties and conventions
ACCOBAMS, EU Habitats and Species Directive, SPA Protocol (Protocol for Special Protected Areas and
Biological Diversity of the Barcelona Convention), Mediterranean Action Plan (UNEP/MAP); Strategic Action
Plan for the Rehabilitation and Protection of the Black Sea, Black Sea Environmental Programme
MARINE 4 Northwest Biogeographic Ten biogeographic zones: four Polar Zones:
REGION Atlantic zones Viscount Melville Sound, Lancaster Sound,
Hudson Strait, Hudson-James Bay; three
Subpolar Zones: North Slope/Beaufort Sea,
Labrador Shelf, Gulf of St Lawrence; three
Eastern Temperate Zones: Grand Banks/Scotian
Shelf, Acadian, Virginian
Countries and territories
US (northeast: North Carolina to New England, northern Alaska), Canada (east and most of north and
Arctic), St Pierre and Miquelon (France), Bermuda (UK)
Key regional treaties and conventions
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization and Convention on Future Multilateral Cooperation in the
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries (NAFO); no UNEP regional treaties but there are national programmes in the
US, Canada and Bermuda (UK)