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Lawyers Manual - Unified Court System

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Notes<br />

Advocating for Youth in Domestic Violence Proceedings 399<br />

1. This article uses “she” to denote victims and survivors of abuse, and “he”<br />

to denote perpetrators of abuse. Studies show that both male and female<br />

teens commit physical violence within the context of a dating relationship;<br />

however, boys initiate violence more often, use greater force than girls, and<br />

are more repeatedly violent with their dating partners. Girls sustain more<br />

physical injuries as a result of violence, are more likely to report that<br />

physical violence was used in self-defense, and overwhelmingly report<br />

being afraid of their partner more than boys. C. Molidor & R. Tolman,<br />

Gender and Contextual Factors in Adolescent Dating Violence, 2 Violence<br />

Against Women 4, at 180-194 (1998) (hereinafter Gender and Contextual<br />

Factors).<br />

2. J.G. Silverman, A. Raj, L.A. Mucci & J.E. Hathaway, Dating Violence<br />

Against Adolescent Girls and Associated Substance Use, Unhealthy Weight<br />

Control, Sexual Risk Behavior, Pregnancy, and Suicidality, 5 Journal of the<br />

American Medical Association 286, at 572-79 (August 2001) (hereinafter<br />

Dating Violence Against Adolescent Girls).<br />

3. City of New York Teen Relationship Abuse Fact Sheet (March 1998);<br />

Uniform Crime Reports, Federal Bureau of Investigation (1991).<br />

4. L.L. Davidson, Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in Urban Young<br />

Women: Experiences with Disclosure in Health Care Settings, American<br />

Public Health Association presentation, Washington, DC (2004).<br />

5. Domestic Violence Fact Sheet, Mayor’s Office to Combat Domestic<br />

Violence (November 2005); Report of the Public Advocate Betsy<br />

Gotbaum, Opening the Door: Looking at New York’s Response to<br />

Domestic Violence 13 Years After “Behind Closed Doors,” January 2006.<br />

6. Dating Violence Against Adolescent Girls, supra, note 2.<br />

7. J. Gazmararian, et al., Violence and Reproductive Health: Current<br />

Knowledge and Future Research Directions, 4 Maternal and Child Health<br />

Journal, No. 2 (2000); M. Moore, Reproductive Health and Intimate Partner<br />

Violence, 31 Family Planning Perspectives, No. 6 (1999); J. Silverman, et<br />

al., Dating Violence and Associated Sexual Risk and Pregnancy Among<br />

Adolescent Girls in the United States, 114 Pediatrics, at 220-225 (2004).<br />

8. Gender and Contextual Factors, supra, note 1.<br />

9. Id.

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