Appendices & Glossary - Botanical Research Institute of Texas

1278 APPENDIX NINETEEN/NATIVE PLANTS IMPORTANT TO WILDLIFE IN EAST TEXAS
SCIENTIFIC NAME WILDLIFE USE COMMON NAME
Rubus spp. *b,f DEWBERRIES; BLACKBERRIES
Smilax spp. *b,f GREENBRIARS
Toxicodendron radicans *b,f POISON-OAK, POISON-IVY
Vitis spp. *b,f GRAPES
HERBACEOUS PLANTS
Most nonwoody (herbaceous) plants in the East Texas ecological region are light-adapted and occur in
open nonforested areas, in openings within wooded areas, or at the edges of wooded areas. Also, herbaceous
plants may be divided into two basic ecological groups—those that occur in uplands and those
that occur in wetlands.
FORBS (NON-GRASSES AND NON-GRASSLIKE PLANTS)
Forbs are commonly known as wildflowers or weeds. Most forbs are light-adapted and so occur in
prairies, in open areas within wooded areas, at the outer edge of wooded areas, or in grassland islands
within forests. Although grassland areas are dominated by grasses with respect to total plant weight
(biomass), they are dominated by forbs in total number of species (diversity). Many forbs are important
to wildlife, providing life requisites for ground-dwelling birds, rodents, and many species of insects.
Many wildflowers produce nectar that attracts bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds.
SCIENTIFIC NAME WILDLIFE USE COMMON NAME
Acalypha gracilens COPPERLEAF, SLENDER
Agalinis purpurea GERARDIA, PURPLE
Amaranthus spp. PIGWEEDS; AMARANTHS
Ambrosia artemisiifolia *b,s RAGWEED, COMMON
Ambrosia trifida var. trifida RAGWEED, BLOOD; GIANT
Asclepias tuberosa subsp. interior *h,n,x BUTTERFLY-WEED
Aster spp. ASTERS
Bidens spp. BEGGAR-TICKS
Callirhoe involucrata *n POPPY-MALLOW, PURPLE
Castilleja indivisa *h,n PAINTBRUSH, TEXAS
Centrosema virginianum *b BUTTERFLY-PEA
Chamaecrista fasciculata *b,s PARTRIDGE-PEA; SHOWY
Cirsium horridulum THISTLE, BULL; YELLOW
Clitoria mariana SPOONFLOWER; PIGEON-WINGS, ATLANTIC
Cnidoscolus texanus BULL-NETTLE, TEXAS
Commelina spp. *b WIDOW’S-TEARS; DAYFLOWERS
Coreopsis spp. *n,s GOLDEN-WAVES; TICKSEEDS
Croptilon divaricatum GOLDENWEED, SLENDER
Croton spp. *s CROTONS
Desmanthus illinoinensis *s BUNDLE-FLOWER, ILLINOIS
Desmodium spp. *b,s TICK-CLOVERS
Diodia teres POOR-JOE
Diodia virginiana BUTTONWEED, VIRGINIA
Erechtites hieraciifolia BURNWEED, AMERICAN
Engelmannia peristenia DAISY, ENGELMANN’S
Eupatorium spp. *n BONESETS, THOROUGHWORTS
Euphorbia spp. *s,x SPURGES
Gaillardia spp. *n,s,x INDIAN-BLANKETS
Galactia spp. *s MILK-PEAS
Geranium spp. *b GERANIUMS (CRANE’S-BILLS)
Helianthus spp. *b,n,s SUNFLOWERS