Appendices & Glossary - Botanical Research Institute of Texas

THYRSOID–UNI/GLOSSARY 1391
THYRSOID With the appearance of a thyrse.
TRUNCATE Ending abruptly as if cut off squarely at the end;
TOMENTOSE Covered with short, soft, curly, densely matted or appearing “chopped off.”
entangled hairs.
TUBE The narrow, cylindrical, basal portion of a sympetalous
TOMENTULOSE Diminutive of tomentose.
corolla or synsepalous calyx.
TOMENTUM Densely matted wool.
TUBER Modified underground stem; stem enlarged and sub-
TOOTH (pl. TEETH) Any marginal projection, protuberance, serraterranean with nodes, buds, and scale leaves, often serving to
tion, or dentation, usually sharp pointed.
store food; e.g. in Solanum (potato).
TOOTHED With minor projections and indentations alternating TUBERCLE (a) A small, tuber-like structure; (b) small rounded
along the margin.
protuberance or projection from a surface; (c) the persistent
TOPOTYPE A specimen from the original or type locality of that style base in some Cyperaceae.
species or other taxon.
TUBERCULATE Covered with tubercles or warty or nipple-like
TOROSE Alternately contracted and expanded.
protuberances.
TORTUOUS Twisted or bent in different directions.
TUBERIFEROUS Bearing tubers.
TORULOSE Cylindrical with slight constrictions at intervals; TUBEROUS Bearing tubers or resembling a tuber in appearance.
necklace-like.
TUBULAR With the shape of a hollow cylinder.
TORUS (= Receptacle) Tip of a stem or pedicel, usually more or TUFT; TUFTED A cluster or fascicle of trichomes, leaves, or other
less enlarged, on which flower parts are attached.
elongate structures.
TOXALBUMIN Toxic plant proteins; e.g., ricin from Ricinus.The TUMID Swollen; inflated.
term phytotoxin is also often used in this context.
TUNIC A loose, membranous, outer skin or coat.
TRABECULA A transverse partition or cross-bar.
TUNICATE Describing a bulb in which the leaves are arranged
TRABECULAR, TRABECULATE Like or with a partition or cross-bar. in concentric circles; with coats or tunics.
TRAILING Prostrate but not rooting.
TURBINATE Top-shaped; inversely conical.
TRANSLATOR In Asclepiadaceae, the wishbone-shaped com- TURGID Swollen but solid or full; contrasting with inflated.
bination of the clip (= gland-like corpusculum) and bands TURION A scaly swollen structure or offshoot, often serving to
(= filament-like retinacula) connecting a pair of pollinia from overwinter; e.g., in some Myriophyllum species the turions
adjacent anthers.
store carbohydrates and serve as propagules.
TRANSLUCENT Allowing the passage of light rays but not trans- TWICE-PINNATELY COMPOUND (= Bipinnate) Descriptive of a leaf
parent.
with leaflets pinnately arranged on lateral axes that are them-
TRANSVERSE Lying or being across or in a cross direction. selves pinnately arranged on the main axis; with the primary
TRAPEZOID A body with four unequal sides.
divisions (= pinnae) themselves pinnate.
TREE A woody perennial with usually a solitary trunk or main stem. TWIG A young woody stem; the growth of the current season.
TRI- Latin prefix indicating three, or three times.
TWO-LIPPED (= Bilabiate) Descriptive of a corolla (or calyx) of
TRIAD In threes.
united petals (or sepals) cut on the two sides forming an
TRIBE The unit, category, or rank in classification between sub- upper and a lower portion.
family and genus, composed of one or more genera.
TYPE A plant specimen to which the name of a taxon is per-
TRICHOME Any hair, hair-like projection, or bristle from the epimanently attached.When any new taxon (e.g., species, variety)
dermal surface.
is named, the name has to be associated with a particular
TRICHOTOMOUS Forking into three equal parts.
TRICOLPATE Three-grooved; e.g., a three-grooved pollen grain.
“type”specimen.
TRIFID Three-cleft.
TRIFOLIATE Having three leaves.The term is often used synony- AU
mously with trifoliolate.
UBIQUITOUS Occurring everywhere.
TRIFOLIOLATE Having three leaflets.
UMBEL Usually flat-topped or convex inflorescence with flower
TRIFURCATE With three prongs; three-forked.
pedicels all attached at the same point,like the rays of an umbrel-
TRIGONOUS, TRIGONAL Three-angled.
la; inflorescence type typical of Apiaceae (Umbelliferae).
TRILOBED, TRILOBATE Three-lobed.
UMBELLATE Umbel-like, or in an umbel.
TRIMEROUS Having the parts in threes.
UMBELLET A secondary or ultimate umbel; one of the smaller
TRIMORPHIC Of three forms.
umbellate flower clusters in a compound umbel.
TRINERVED With three primary nerves; triple-nerved; usually UMBELLIFORM Resembling an umbel in appearance.
with a midrib and two main lateral nerves arising from the UMBO A rounded elevation or protuberance at the end of or
base of the midrib.
on the side of a solid organ.
TRIPARTITE Three-parted.
UMBONATE With an umbo or projection.
TRIQUETROUS Three-angled in cross-section.
UNCINATE With apex hooked; e.g., hairs with a hook at tip.
TRISTICHOUS In three vertical rows.
UNCINULATE Minutely uncinate.
TRULLATE Trowel-shaped, widest below the middle.
UNDULATE Gently wavy, less pronounced than sinuate.
TRUMPET-SHAPED Describing a gamopetalous corolla or gamo- UNGUICULATE Narrowed at the base into a claw.
sepalous calyx in which the tube gradually widens upward. UNI- Latin prefix meaning one.