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Appendices & Glossary - Botanical Research Institute of Texas

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APPENDIX TWENTY<br />

LARVAL HOST PLANTS OF LEPIDOPTERA OF EAST TEXAS<br />

JOANN KARGES<br />

BOTANICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TEXAS<br />

FORT WORTH, TEXAS 76102<br />

Most butterflies are host specific. That is, the caterpillars must feed and grow to pupation only on<br />

plants in a particular family. An example is the monarch that feeds on milkweed. On these plants, the<br />

female, sensitive to the odors <strong>of</strong> secondary plant chemicals and to textures, deposits her eggs. However,<br />

some butterflies, such as the tiger swallowtail (Papilio glaucus) and the buckeye (Junonia coenia) are<br />

polyphagous, using species <strong>of</strong> plants in a number <strong>of</strong> families. Even those selections are limited. This<br />

list may not include all <strong>of</strong> the plants that the butterflies use, but only those which are most commonly<br />

observed in this area.<br />

INDICATES LARVAE THAT MAY BE PESTS ON CULTIVATED PLANTS<br />

w INDICATES LARVAE EAT BUDS AND BLOSSOMS ● INDICATES LARVAE EAT FRUIT<br />

IN NORTH AMERICA NO BUTTERFLY AT ANY STAGE IS INJURIOUS TO HUMAN BEINGS.<br />

PLANT BUTTERFLY<br />

ACANTHACEAE Dicliptera brachiata| TEXAN CRESCENT (Athanassa texana)<br />

Siphonoglossa pilosella| VESTA CRESCENT (Phyciodes vesta)<br />

Ruellia spp.<br />

AGAVACEAE Yucca spp. GIANT YUCCA SKIPPER (Megathymus yuccae)<br />

AMARANTHACEAE Amaranthus spp. COMMON SOOTYWING (Pholisora catullus)<br />

ANACARDACEAE Rhus aromatica| RED-BANDED HAIRSTREAK (Calycopis cecrops)<br />

R. copallina<br />

ANNONACEAE Asimina parviflora| ZEBRA SWALLOWTAIL (Eurytides marcellus)<br />

A. triloba<br />

APIACEAE Daucus spp.| BLACK SWALLOWTAIL (Papilio polyxenes)<br />

Bifora americana|<br />

Polytaenia nuttallii<br />

APOCYNACEAE Apocynum cannabinum MONARCH (Danaus plexippus)<br />

QUEEN (Danaus gilippus)<br />

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE Aristolochia spp. PIPEVINE SWALLOWTAIL (Battus philenor)<br />

ASCLEPIADACEAE Asclepias amplexicaulis| MONARCH (Danaus plexippus)<br />

A. asperula| A.curassavica| QUEEN (Danaus gilippus)<br />

A. incarnata| A. oenotheroides|<br />

A. purpurascens| A. tuberosa|<br />

A. verticillata<br />

Cynanchum leave| QUEEN (Danaus gilippus)<br />

Funastrum cynanchoides|<br />

Matelea reticulata

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