Appendices & Glossary - Botanical Research Institute of Texas

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APPENDIX TWO PHYLOGENY/CLASSIFICATION OF THE PTERIDOPHYTE, GYMNOSPERM, AND MONOCOT FAMILIES OF EAST TEXAS, BASED ON CRONQUIST (1981, 1988) AND OTHERS This phylogeny/classification is modified from those of Cronquist (1981, 1988), Lellinger (1985), and Hickman (1993). The synopses of subclasses are from Hickman (1993) and Woodland (1997). A classification system including all families of vascular plants can be found in Mabberley (1987, 1997). Figure 173 is a diagram of relationships of subclasses of flowering plants as envisioned by Cronquist (1988). Figure 174 (from Zanis et al. 2003) in Appendix 3 is a more recent view of flowering plant phylogeny incorporating molecular data. FERNS AND SIMILAR PLANTS GYMNOSPERMS ANGIOSPERMS SPORE-BEARING Division PSILOPHYTA Order Psilotales Psilotaceae Division LYCOPODIOPHYTA Order Lycopodiales Lycopodiaceae Order Selaginellales Selaginellaceae Order Isoetales Isoetaceae Division EQUISETOPHYTA Order Equisetales Equisetaceae Division POLYPODIOPHYTA SUBCLASS OPHIOGLOSSIDAE Ophioglossaceae SUBCLASS OSMUNDIDAE Osmundaceae SUBCLASS SCHIZAEIDAE Anemiaceae Lygodiaceae Pteridaceae SUBCLASS GLEICHENIIDAE Polypodiaceae SUBCLASS HYMENOPHYLLIDAE Dennstaedtiaceae Thelypteridaceae Aspleniaceae Dryopteridaceae Blechnaceae SUBCLASS MARSILEIDAE Marsiliaceae SUBCLASS SALVINIIDAE Azollaceae Salviniaceae “NAKED SEEDS,” SEEDS NOT ENCLOSED IN AN OVARY; USUALLY WITH CONES Division GNETOPHYTA Order Ephedrales Ephedraceae Division PINOPHYTA (CONIFEROPHYTA) Order Coniferales Cupressaceae Pinaceae “VESSEL SEEDS,” SEEDS ENCLOSED IN AN OVARY; FLOWERS PRESENT Division MAGNOLIOPHYTA Class MONOCOTYLEDONAE (LILIOPSI DA) SUBCLASS ALISMATIDAE Pistils simple; herbs, aquatic Order Alismatales Limnocharitaceae Alismataceae Order Hydrocharitales Hydrocharitaceae Order Najadales Potamogetonaceae Ruppiaceae Zannichelliaceae SUBCLASS ARECIDAE Inflorescence often of many small flowers, enfolded or subtended by prominent bract(s); pistil usually compound; palm-like to minute aquatics Order Arecales Arecaceae (Palmae) Order Arales Acoraceae Araceae Lemnaceae
SUBCLASS COMMELINIDAE Flowers small and subtended by chaffy bracts, or sepals and petals unlike; generally wind-pollinated; pistil compound Order Commelinales Xyridaceae Mayacaceae Commelinaceae Order Eriocaulales Eriocaulaceae Order Juncales Juncaceae Order Cyperales Cyperaceae Poaceae (Gramineae) Order Typhales Sparganiaceae Typhaceae SUBCLASS ZINGIBERIDAE Inflorescences often with showy colored bracts; sepals and petals unlike; flowers usually animal-pollinated; pistil compound Order Bromeliales Bromeliaceae Order Zingiberales Cannaceae Marantaceae SUBCLASS LILIIDAE Flowers showy, insect-pollinated; sepals and petals generally similar; pistil compound Order Liliales Pontederiaceae Lilaceae (including Alliaceae, Alstroemeriaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Anthericaceae, Asparagaceae, Colchicaceae, Convallariaceae, Hemerocallidaceae, Hyacinthaceae, Hypoxidaceae, Melanthiaceae, Nartheciaceae, PHYLOGENY/CLASSIFICATION–CRONQUIST/APPENDIX TWO 1159 ANGIOSPERMS (MONOCOTS CONTINUED) ANGIOSPERMS (DICOTS) Themidaceae, Tofieldiaceae, and Trilliaceae) Iridaceae Agavaceae (including Nolinaceae) Smilacaceae Dioscoreaceae Order Orchidales Burmanniaceae Orchidaceae Class DICOTYLEDONAE (in Volumes 2 & 3) (MAGNOLIOPSIDA) SUBCLASS MAGNOLIIDAE Pistils generally simple; perianth parts and stamens free, generally many, spiraled Order Magnoliales Magnoliaceae Annonaceae Order Laurales Calycanthaceae Lauraceae Order Piperales Saururaceae Order Aristolochiales Aristolochiaceae Order Nymphaeales Nelumbonaceae Nymphaeaceae Cabombaceae Ceratophyllaceae Order Ranunculales Ranunculaceae Berberidaceae Menispermaceae Order Papaverales Papaveraceae Fumariaceae SUBCLASS HAMAMELIDAE Mostly woody; flowers in unisexual catkins, without perianth, typically windpollinated Order Hamamelidales Platanaceae Hamamelidaceae Order Urticales Ulmaceae Cannabaceae Moraceae Urticaceae Order Leitneriales Leitneriaceae Order Juglandales Juglandaceae Order Myricales Myricaceae Order Fagales Fagaceae Betulaceae
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LIST OF TEXAS ENDEMICS OCCURRING IN
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Ditaxis simulans (J.W. Ingram) Radc
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APPENDIX TWELVE SPECIES OF PTERIDOP
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SPECIES OF PETERIDOPHYTES, GYMNOSPE
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SPECIES OF PETERIDOPHYTES, GYMNOSPE
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LIST OF CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS/
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LIST OF CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS/
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APRIVATE LIST OF CONSERVATION ORGAN
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APPENDIX FOURTEEN BOOKS FOR THE STU
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BOOKS FOR THE STUDY OF TEXAS NATIVE
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BOOKS FOR THE STUDY OF TEXAS NATIVE
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APPENDIX FIFTEEN A SUGGESTED LIST O
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TREES (CONTINUED) NATIVE PLANTS SUG
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TREES (CONTINUED) NATIVE PLANTS SUG
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SHRUBS (CONTINUED) NATIVE PLANTS SU
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WILDFLOWERS (CONTINUED) NATIVE PLAN
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WILDFLOWERS (CONTINUED) NATIVE PLAN
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APPENDIX SEVENTEEN A SUGGESTED LIST
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1266 APPENDIX SEVENTEEN/NATIVE PLAN
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1268 APPENDIX SEVENTEEN/NATIVE PLAN
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APPENDIX EIGHTEEN LIST OF SOURCES F
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1272 APPENDIX EIGHTEEN/SOURCES FOR
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1274 APPENDIX NINETEEN/NATIVE PLANT
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APPENDIX TWENTY-TWO LIST OF SELECTE
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APPENDIX TWENTY-THREE STATE BOTANIC
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APPENDIX TWENTY-FOUR ELRAY S. NIXON
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1356 APPENDIX TWENTY-FOUR/ELRAY S.
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1358 APPENDIX TWENTY-FIVE/LYNN R. L
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1360 GLOSSARY/AMENT-ARIL AMENT (= C
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1362 GLOSSARY/ARILLATE-BISECTED ARI
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1364 GLOSSARY/BISERIATE-CAPITULUM B
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1366 GLOSSARY/CAPSULAR-COARCTATE CA
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1368 GLOSSARY/COB-CORONA COB Rachis
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1370 GLOSSARY/CORONIFORM SCALES-DEC
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1372 GLOSSARY/DEFLEXED-DOCTRINE OF
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1374 GLOSSARY/EROSE-FISSURED egrota
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A 1376 GLOSSARY/GLOCHID-HETEROCARPO
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1378 GLOSSARY/INDETERMINATE-LACTIFE
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A 1380 GLOSSARY/M-MULTIFLOROUS M M
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1382 GLOSSARY/OLIGO-PEDUNCULAR prim
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1384 GLOSSARY/PINNIPALMATE-PSEUDOAN
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1386 GLOSSARY/RESUPINATE-SCAPOSE RE
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1388 GLOSSARY/SILIQUE-STAMINATE of
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A 1392 GLOSSARY/UNIFOLIATE-WORT UNI
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AAGESEN, L. and A.M. SANSO. 2003. T
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