CRABS (BRACHYURA) OF THE GULF OF MEXICO

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10 Lawrence W. Powers includes the subfamily Homolodromiinae Alcock, 1899, usually treated as a family in other systematic classifications. The Latreillidae was recognized as a separate family by Rathbun (1937), whereas Balss (1957) included the genus Latreillia Roux in the Homolidae. Glaessner (1969) tentatively adopted the arrangement of Balss, but left the question of placement open; the Latreillidae are presented as a separate family in the present work. The families Dynomenidae and Retroplumidae do not contain species represented in the Gulf of Mexico. The arrangement of species and genera within their respective higher taxa may differ according to the current stability of nomenclature within the group. Within the Xanthidae, subfamilies are not listed because the arrangement of genera is incomplete, pending further revisions by Guinot and others. The genus Uca of the Ocypodidae has received considerable attention from carcinologists, notably Bott (1973) and Crane (1975). Both of these workers have proposed subgenera to accommodate findings of morphological, biogeographical, and behavioral similarities among species groups. Because the changes are too recent to permit evaluation by other specialists, the species of Uca are listed in the present text alphabetically; controversial forms, proposed as full species by some workers and as subspecies by others, are treated as species for the present. It is much easier to combine • separate sets of references and records than to attempt to separate them at a later date. Generally, this plan has been followed throughout the systematic presentation; when a taxon can be treated in two or more ways, the simplest arrangement was selected. A discussion of brachyuran evolution is beyond the scope of this catalogue and the reader is referred to papers by Bourne (1922), Gordon (1963), Stevcic (1971a, 1971b) and the monograph. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, which includes the review by Glaessner (1969). This latter reference also compares and discusses the various classification schemes that have been proposed to account for presumed affinities of living and fossil specimens. BIOGEOGRAPHY The species catalogue recognizes 352 species of 158 genera, belonging to 22 families. Enumerations of taxa are somewhat arbitrary, depending on the amount of splitting or lumping of various groups. In addition to the 352 species recorded from the Gulf of Mexico, two subspecies and two varietal forms are listed as distinct entries, three species of uncertain Gulf distribution are included (recorded from Cuban waters, coast luispecified), and one species from outside of the Gulf is listed because of nomenclatural relationships with a Gulf species. Forty-one of the 352 species are presently regarded as endemic to the Gulf; the distribution of species and genera by family are listed in Table II. The greatest number of endemic species occurred among the Pinnotheridae, a family composed mainly of crabs commensal with other organisms. Specificity for hosts and other restrictions imposed by the biology of commensal associates may account for the high ratio of endemism in this family. The largest families, in terms of total numbers of species, contain relatively few species confined to the
Family TABLE II Endemic and Total Species and Genera of Brachyura Droniiidae Prosopidae Homolidae Latreillidae Raninidae Dorippidae Calappidae Leucosiidae Hapalocarcinidae Majidae Parthenopidae Afelecyclidae Cancridae Portunidae Xanthidae Gei-yonidae Goneplacidae Palicidae Pinnotheridae Grapsidae Gecarcinidae Ocypodidae Total Endemic species 0 0 1 0 1 6 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 2 3 0 5 1 12 1 0 5 41 Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 11 Species 5 2 4 1 7 16 13 15 1 77 13 1 1 27 69 1 19 9 31 21 4 15 352 Total Genera Gulf. The Majidae, Xanthidae, Portunidae, and Grapsidae have endemic percentages of less than 10% of total Gulf species, whereas the Dorippidae, Goneplacidae, and Ocypodidae contain endemic ratios of one-fourth or greater. The geographical distribution of Gulf species within other areas is compared in Table III. The degree of affinity with the Caribbean fauna is indicated by the large percentage of Gulf crabs also occurring in the Greater Antilles (63.1%), Lesser Antilles (55.7%), and north coast of South America (34.7%). Within these regions, however, there exist considerable differences in collection effort and subsequent taxonomic study. Thus, the number of apparent species recorded from a particular island or section of continental coastline may be a better measure of the number of marine science institutes present than actual species diversity or richness. Eastern Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda contain successively'' fewer Gulf species, whereas the combined Virginian and Carolinian Provinces of the Atlantic coast contain 44.3% of the total Gulf crabs. The number of Gulf species present in the eastern Atlantic comprises only 7.7% of the Gulf total and one-third of these belong to the ubiquitous Grapsidae. Only 16 Gulf species (4.5%) are also recorded from the eastern Pacific; seven species have been collected from other parts of the Indo-Pacific region. 3 2 3 1 4 7 5 8 1 33 8 1 1 8 32 1 15 1 7 12 2 3 158
Page 1 and 2: a catalogue & bibliography to the C
Page 3 and 4: Editor: DONALD E. WOHLSCHLAG Editor
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgme
Page 7 and 8: INTRODUCTION The purpose of this ca
Page 9: I Crabs SECTION DROMIACEA de Haan,
Page 13 and 14: Family Dromiidae Prosopidae Homolid
Page 15 and 16: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 15 FIG.
Page 17 and 18: FIG. 4. Surface currents of the Gul
Page 19 and 20: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 19 tive
Page 21 and 22: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 21 Rema
Page 23 and 24: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 23 Dept
Page 25 and 26: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 25 foss
Page 27 and 28: CycZorforippe orn«fa Chace, 1940 (
Page 29 and 30: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 29 Ethu
Page 33 and 34: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 33 exam
Page 35 and 36: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 35 Will
Page 37 and 38: Callidactylus Stimpson, 1871 Crabs
Page 39 and 40: Persephona I^each, 1817 Persephona
Page 41 and 42: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 41 and
Page 43 and 44: Aepinus Rathbun, 1897 Crabsof the G
Page 45 and 46: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 45 Dept
Page 49 and 50: Slenor/iync/iMs Lamarck, 1818 Crabs
Page 51 and 52: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 51 Rang
Page 53 and 54: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 53 atta
Page 55 and 56: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 55 Milh
Page 57 and 58: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 5 7 Ban
Page 59 and 60: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 59 base
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Pif/io Bell, 1835 Crabs of the Gulf
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Holoplites Rathbun, 1894 Crabs of t
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 65 lett
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 67 Roch
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 69 Rang
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Tutankhamen Rathbun, 1925 Crabs of
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 73 Rang
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Crabs of ihe Gulf of Mexico 75 pis.
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 77 spec
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 79 tole
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 81 Love
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Crabsof the Gulf of Mexico 83 Habit
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 85 Habi
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The Freshwater Crabs Crabs of the G
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Carpoporus Stimpson, 1871 Crabsof t
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 91 it b
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 97 of b
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 99 Dept
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7'^ Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 101
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Crabs of the Gulf oj Mexico 103 Pan
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Piluninus L,each, 1815 Crabs of the
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 107 Dep
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 109 Mis
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 111 bet
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 113 Rem
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McCloskey & Gray, 1968, p. 52, fig.
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Range: north coast of Cuba; Puerto
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Depth: 112 to 545 m (61 to 298 fm).
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Crabs of t he Giilf of Mexico 121 f
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 123 Ila
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 125 Pec
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 127 Ran
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 129 lan
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 131 As
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 133 Car
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 135 Ses
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 137 74;
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 139 197
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Ocypoda arenaria Sa}^ 1817. Crabs o
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 143 Vca
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 145 Ran
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Ilea pugnax (Smith, 1870). Crabs of
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 149 Jam
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 151 ADK
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 153 and
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 155 . 1
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 15 7
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 159 ENG
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^ Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 163 .
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 165 HEN
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 171 MEN
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 173 ONG
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1-127. Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico \77 •
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 179 SKO
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 181 TRU
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186 Lawrence W. Powers C. cubensis
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188 Lawrence W. Powers M. crebripun
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190 Lawrence W. Powers T. granulosu
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CRABS (BRACHYURA) OF THE GULF OF MEXICO

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