CRABS (BRACHYURA) OF THE GULF OF MEXICO

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94 Lawrence W. Powers Depth: near shore subtidal to 139 m (to 76 fm). Habitat: most commonly on muddy bottoms; occasionally on sand, shell, and gravel substrates; on oyster beds. Remarks: Developmental studies include data on growth conditions for zoeal stages (Chamberlain, 1961), descriptions of larval stages as reared in the laboratory (Costlow and Bookhout, 1966a), and notes on larval ecology in Chesapeake Bight (Sandifer, 1973). Williams (1965) summarized records of ovigerous females. Ryan (1956) described the general life history of this crab in Chesapeake Bay. Hazlett (1976) studied agonistic behaviors. Regional lists include Florida (Wass, 1955; Dragovich and Kelly, 1964; Abele, 1970; Menzel, 1971; L3'ons et al, 1971), Louisiana (Behre, 1950), and Texas (Hedgpeth, 1953; Leary, 1967). Hexapanopeus hemphillii (Benedict & Rathbun, 1891) (Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 14: 374) Rathbun, 1930, p. 400, pi. 171, figs. 1-2, 6; Rathbun, 1933, p. 63. Range: Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas; west coast of Florida; north coast of Cuba; Puerto Rico; St. Thomas, Virgin Islands. Depth: low tide mark to 9 m (to 5 fm). Habitat: coral, sand, and gravel bottoms; off turtle grass flats. Hexapanopeus lobipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) (Crust. Reg. Mex., p. 331) As Lophopanopeus lobipes—Rathbun, 1930, p. 329, text-fig. 50, pi. 155, figs. 3-5. As Hexapanopeus lobipes—Menzies, 1948, p. 23. Range: Bahamas; off Key West, in Florida Straits; northwest of Dry Tortugas. Depth: 68 m (37 fm); also recorded from shallow water. Habitat: sand bottoms; coral banks. Remarks: Menzies (1948) noted that this species did not fit the generic description of Lophopanopeus and he transferred it to Hexapanopeus, the American genus it most closely resembled. Hexapanopeus paulensis Rathbun, 1930 (Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 152: 395) Rathbun, 1930, p. 395, pi. 170, figs. 5-6; Williams, 1965, p. 189, figs. 171, 183E; Felder, 1973a, p. 70, pi. 9, fig. 23. Range: South Carolina; northwest Florida; Texas; Sao Paulo, Brazil. Depth: inter tidal to 5 m (3 fm). Habitat: sand, broken shell, and rock substrates; off rock jetties; among sponges, ascidians, and bryozoans. Remarks: Originally listed from South Carolina by Lunz (1937). Additional records, from northwest Florida, were provided by Abele (1970), including ovigerous females taken in July. Hexapanopeus quinquedenlalus Rathbun, 1901 (Bull. U.S. Fish Comm. for 1900,2: 31) Rathbun, 1930, p. 402, text-fig. 62. Range: northwest Florida; Puerto Rico. Depth: 15 to22m (8.5 to 12fm).
Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 95 Habitat: coral sand, sand-grass, rocky, and sticky mud bottoms. Remarks: Rathbun (1930) noted the resemblance between this species and H. sinaloensis, a rare species from the west coast of Mexico. Abele (1970) provided the first Gulf records and noted a close resemblance to H. paulensis. Abele (1970) states that Fenner Chace, Jr., of the U.S.N.M. compared the Floridian specimens with the Puerto Rico holotj-pe and noted the differences between them. The paucity of specimens of these three similar forms only permits a tentative designation of this crab; until further material and revision is available, this list follows the nomenclature of Abele (1970, p. 78). Leptodius A. Milne Edwards, 1863 Leptodius agassizzi A. Milne Edwards, 1880. Transferred to a new genus by Guinot (1968a), see Pseudomedaeus agassizii. Leptodius floridanus (Gibbes, 1850). Transferred to a new genus by Guinot (1968a), see Cataleptodius floridanus. Leptodius parvulus (Fabricius, 1793) (Entom. Syst. Auct. et emend., vol. 2, p. 451) novo comb. Rathbun, 1930 (Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 152:305) V ^^'^^'''"'•^ a- Rathbun, 1930, p. 303, pi. 141, figs. 1-3; Rathbun, 1933, p. 38, fig. 30. ' Range: Bermuda; Bahamas; Florida Keys; Jamaica; Haiti; Puerto Rico; Barbados; Curagao; Fernando deNoronha, Brazil. Habitat: shallow water, near shore; under rocks; in tide pools. Remarks: Fausto Filho (1974) provided notes on color and habitat of Brazilian specimens. Lobopilumnus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 Lobopilumnus agas.'sisii (Stimpson, 1871) (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 2: 142) Hay & Shore, 1918, p. 441, pi. 34, fig. 3; Rathbun, 1930, p. 526, pi. 211, figs. 1-5; Williams, 1965, p. 181, figs. 157G, 163. Range: Bermuda; North Carolina; Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas; west and northwest coasts of Florida; north of Yucatan; north coast of Cuba; Trinidad. Depth: low tide mark to 51 m (to 28 fm). Habitat: sand, gravel, rock, coral, and broken shell substrates; under stones and dead corals; in sponges. Remarks: Four environmental forms of this highly variable crab were recognized by Rathbun (1930): L. a. typica, L. a. bermudensis, L. a. pulchella, and L. a. trinidadensis. The distributions of the various forms overlap to some extent. Verrill (1908) described this species in Bermiida. Reported from the northeast Gulf by Chace (1956) and listed from northwest Florida by Abele (1970). Ovigerous females are known from Florida and Cuba during February to July (Williams, 1965). Pearse (1934) noted the presence of this crab inside the loggerhead sponge, Spheciospongia vesparia.
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a catalogue & bibliography to the C
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Editor: DONALD E. WOHLSCHLAG Editor
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgme
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INTRODUCTION The purpose of this ca
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I Crabs SECTION DROMIACEA de Haan,
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Family TABLE II Endemic and Total S
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Family Dromiidae Prosopidae Homolid
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 15 FIG.
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FIG. 4. Surface currents of the Gul
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 19 tive
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 21 Rema
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 23 Dept
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 25 foss
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CycZorforippe orn«fa Chace, 1940 (
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 29 Ethu
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 31 Rema
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 33 exam
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 35 Will
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Callidactylus Stimpson, 1871 Crabs
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Persephona I^each, 1817 Persephona
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 41 and
Page 43 and 44: Aepinus Rathbun, 1897 Crabsof the G
Page 45 and 46: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 45 Dept
Page 47 and 48: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 47 Rema
Page 49 and 50: Slenor/iync/iMs Lamarck, 1818 Crabs
Page 51 and 52: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 51 Rang
Page 53 and 54: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 53 atta
Page 55 and 56: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 55 Milh
Page 57 and 58: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 5 7 Ban
Page 59 and 60: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 59 base
Page 61 and 62: Pif/io Bell, 1835 Crabs of the Gulf
Page 63 and 64: Holoplites Rathbun, 1894 Crabs of t
Page 65 and 66: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 65 lett
Page 67 and 68: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 67 Roch
Page 71 and 72: Tutankhamen Rathbun, 1925 Crabs of
Page 75 and 76: Crabs of ihe Gulf of Mexico 75 pis.
Page 77 and 78: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 77 spec
Page 79 and 80: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 79 tole
Page 81 and 82: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 81 Love
Page 83 and 84: Crabsof the Gulf of Mexico 83 Habit
Page 85 and 86: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 85 Habi
Page 87 and 88: The Freshwater Crabs Crabs of the G
Page 89 and 90: Carpoporus Stimpson, 1871 Crabsof t
Page 91 and 92: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 91 it b
Page 93: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 93 Habi
Page 97 and 98: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 97 of b
Page 99 and 100: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 99 Dept
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Page 105 and 106: Piluninus L,each, 1815 Crabs of the
Page 107 and 108: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 107 Dep
Page 109 and 110: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 109 Mis
Page 111 and 112: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 111 bet
Page 113 and 114: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 113 Rem
Page 115 and 116: McCloskey & Gray, 1968, p. 52, fig.
Page 117 and 118: Range: north coast of Cuba; Puerto
Page 119 and 120: Depth: 112 to 545 m (61 to 298 fm).
Page 121 and 122: Crabs of t he Giilf of Mexico 121 f
Page 123 and 124: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 123 Ila
Page 125 and 126: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 125 Pec
Page 127 and 128: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 127 Ran
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Page 141 and 142: Ocypoda arenaria Sa}^ 1817. Crabs o
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 145 Ran
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Ilea pugnax (Smith, 1870). Crabs of
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 149 Jam
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 151 ADK
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 153 and
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 155 . 1
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 15 7
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 159 ENG
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^ Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 163 .
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 165 HEN
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 171 MEN
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 173 ONG
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1-127. Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico \77 •
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 179 SKO
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 181 TRU
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186 Lawrence W. Powers C. cubensis
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188 Lawrence W. Powers M. crebripun
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190 Lawrence W. Powers T. granulosu
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CRABS (BRACHYURA) OF THE GULF OF MEXICO

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