CRABS (BRACHYURA) OF THE GULF OF MEXICO

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74 Lawrence W. Powers presented evidence that the two forms of O. o. floridanus should be regarded as separate species, but only one, O. floridanus, inhabits the Gulf of Mexico. See Williams (1976) for a nomenclatural history of these species.) Ovalipes floridanus Hay & Shore, 1918 (Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 35: 427) Common Names: Lady Crab; Sand Crab As O. ocellatus floridanus—Hay & Shore, 1918, p. 427, pi. 32, fig. 8; Turka3s 1971, p. 139, fig. 3. As O. ocellatus guadulpensis—Rathbun, 1930, p. 23, pi. 4 (pai-t, the Pensacola, Alabama, and Gulf of Mexico specimens). As O. guadulpensis (Form 6;—Stephenson & Rees, 1968, p. 243, pis. 37D, 40F, 41E, 42K, fig. IK. As O. guadulpensis—Williams, 1965, p. 161 (part, Gulf specimens only); Felder, 1973a, p. 54, pl. 8, fig. 2. As O. /Zoi-iV/anus—Williams, 1976, p. 206, fig. la-d. Range: southwest Florida to south Texas. Depth: near surface and shallow water to 31 m (to 17 fm). Habitat: mainly sandy substrates; also on coral and broken shell bottoms. In coastal lagoons, channels, and ba}^s in southern and central Texas. Remarks: Williams (1976) describes and compares the two species of Ovalipes previously considered to be O. guadulpensis. The Carolinian form was named O. stephensoni, Form a of Stephenson and Rees (1968). The type locality for O. floridanus is Pensacola, Florida. Williams (1976) lists ovigerous females in February from Florida. Abele (1970) noted that juveniles were common on shallow grass flats in northwest Florida, while adults were more often found offshore on sandy bottoms. Regional lists include, as O. guadulpensis or 0. ocellatus guadulpensis, Florida (Wass, 1955, Abele, 1970; Menzel, 1971), Mississippi (Richmond, 1962; Franks et al., 1972; Christmas and Langley, 1973), Louisiana (Belire, 1950; Hildebrand, 1954), Texas (Gunter, 1950; Leacy, 1967), and the northwestern Gulf (Fotheringham and Brunenmeister, 1975). Caine (1974) provided a detailed description of feeding behavior, ecology, and burrowing activities. Abele (1970) commented on behavior of the animal in sand substrates. Notes on the related species are provided in Williams (1965). Ovalipes guadulpensis and Ovalipes ocellatus guadulpensis (Saussure, 1858). Both names are invalid and all Gulf of Mexico reports should be refeiTed to Ovalipes floridanus Hay and Shore, 1918. See Williams (1976) for a review of the nomenclatural history of this species. Subfamily PORTUNINAE Rafinesque, 1815 Arenaeus Dana, 1851 Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818) (His. Nat. Anim. sans Vert., vol 5, p. 259) Common Name: Speckled Crab Hay & Shore, 1918, p. 434, pl. 34, fig. 3; Rathbun, 1930, p. 134, pl. 58, figs. 2-3,
Crabs of ihe Gulf of Mexico 75 pis. 39-60; Rathbun, 1933, p. 50; Williams, 1963, p. 173, fig. 133; Felder, 1973a, p. 55, pi. 8, fig. 4. Range: Massachusetts to North Carolina; Bermuda; east coast of Florida; Florida Keys and Tirj Tortugas; west coast of Florida to Tabasco, Mexico; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Dominica to St. Lucia; Belize to Colombia; Curagao; Ceara to Santa Catarina, Brazil. Depth: shore to 68 m (to 37 fm). Habitat: in surf zone of sandy beaches; an adroit swimmer, it is seldom washed ashore and it is rarely found in estuaries and back lagoons. Remarks: Williams (1965) lists ovigerous females from Florida in August. Regional lists include Florida (Wass, 1955; Abele, 1970; Menzel, 1971), Mississippi (Richmond, 1962), off the Mississippi Delta (Chace, 1956), Louisiana (Behre, 1950; Hoese and Valentine, 1972), Texas (Gunter, 1950, Hildebrand, 1954), and the northwestern Gulf of Mexico (Fotheringham and Brunenmeister, 1975). Listed from Brazil by Coelho and Ramos (1972). Callinecles Stimpson, 1860 (This commercially important genus has bL;en revised and reviewed by Williams (1974a), including details of reproductive morphology, notes on larA^al development, fossil records, a discussion of zoogeographic affinities, and keys for the identification of the 14 species known worldwide. In the Gulf region, as well as elsewhere, confusion has existed as to the identity of the lesser or smaller blue crab species, cited locally as Callinectes danae and C. ornatus. A prior revision by Williams (1966) established a new species, C. similis, for the Gulf populations and many of the east coast specimens, limiting the former two species to the southeastern Gulf and beyond. The present list includes eight species in the Gulf of Mexico, five of which occur only in the eastern or southern margins of the region. Only C. ralhhunae is endemic to the Gulf; C. sapidus and C. similis range widely along the U.S. Gulf and Atlantic coasts and beyond (see Figures 24-27 in Williams, 1974a).) Callinectes bocourti A. Milne Edwards, 1879 (Crust. Reg. Mex., p. 226) Rathbun, 1930, p. 128, text-figs. 15g, 16e, 17h, 18f, pi. 55; Rathbun, 1933, p. 49; Holthuis, 1959, p. 201, text-fig. 47, pi. 3, fig. 2; Chace & Hobbs, 1969, p. 127, text-figs. 35, 37a; Williams, 1974a, p. 767, figs. 12,18j, 20m, 22j, 27. Range: southeast Florida; Mississippi (rare); Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Dominica; Virgin Islands to Barbados; Trinidad; Netherlands Antilles; Belize to Panama; Colombia to Santa Catarina, Brazil. Depth: shallow water, near shore and inshore waters. Habitat: in shallow, brackish waters of estuaries and river mouths. Tolerates salinities as low as 5 ppt; females usually move to saltier waters after mating. Williams (1974a) notes that this species is often associated with C. sapidus, but appears to be more tolerant than the latter to stagnant and polluted waters. Collected from a mud bottom in 3 m of water in Biloxi Bay, Mississippi (Perry, 1973). See Chace and Hobbs (1969) for extensive habitat notes in Dominica.
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a catalogue & bibliography to the C
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Editor: DONALD E. WOHLSCHLAG Editor
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgme
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INTRODUCTION The purpose of this ca
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I Crabs SECTION DROMIACEA de Haan,
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Family TABLE II Endemic and Total S
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Family Dromiidae Prosopidae Homolid
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 15 FIG.
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FIG. 4. Surface currents of the Gul
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 19 tive
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 21 Rema
Page 23 and 24: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 23 Dept
Page 25 and 26: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 25 foss
Page 27 and 28: CycZorforippe orn«fa Chace, 1940 (
Page 29 and 30: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 29 Ethu
Page 31 and 32: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 31 Rema
Page 33 and 34: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 33 exam
Page 35 and 36: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 35 Will
Page 37 and 38: Callidactylus Stimpson, 1871 Crabs
Page 39 and 40: Persephona I^each, 1817 Persephona
Page 41 and 42: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 41 and
Page 43 and 44: Aepinus Rathbun, 1897 Crabsof the G
Page 47 and 48: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 47 Rema
Page 49 and 50: Slenor/iync/iMs Lamarck, 1818 Crabs
Page 51 and 52: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 51 Rang
Page 53 and 54: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 53 atta
Page 55 and 56: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 55 Milh
Page 57 and 58: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 5 7 Ban
Page 59 and 60: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 59 base
Page 61 and 62: Pif/io Bell, 1835 Crabs of the Gulf
Page 63 and 64: Holoplites Rathbun, 1894 Crabs of t
Page 65 and 66: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 65 lett
Page 67 and 68: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 67 Roch
Page 69 and 70: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 69 Rang
Page 71 and 72: Tutankhamen Rathbun, 1925 Crabs of
Page 73: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 73 Rang
Page 77 and 78: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 77 spec
Page 79 and 80: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 79 tole
Page 81 and 82: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 81 Love
Page 83 and 84: Crabsof the Gulf of Mexico 83 Habit
Page 85 and 86: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 85 Habi
Page 87 and 88: The Freshwater Crabs Crabs of the G
Page 89 and 90: Carpoporus Stimpson, 1871 Crabsof t
Page 91 and 92: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 91 it b
Page 97 and 98: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 97 of b
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Page 103 and 104: Crabs of the Gulf oj Mexico 103 Pan
Page 105 and 106: Piluninus L,each, 1815 Crabs of the
Page 107 and 108: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 107 Dep
Page 109 and 110: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 109 Mis
Page 111 and 112: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 111 bet
Page 113 and 114: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 113 Rem
Page 115 and 116: McCloskey & Gray, 1968, p. 52, fig.
Page 117 and 118: Range: north coast of Cuba; Puerto
Page 119 and 120: Depth: 112 to 545 m (61 to 298 fm).
Page 121 and 122: Crabs of t he Giilf of Mexico 121 f
Page 123 and 124: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 123 Ila
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 125 Pec
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 127 Ran
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 129 lan
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 131 As
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 133 Car
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 135 Ses
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 137 74;
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 139 197
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Ocypoda arenaria Sa}^ 1817. Crabs o
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 143 Vca
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 145 Ran
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Ilea pugnax (Smith, 1870). Crabs of
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 149 Jam
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 151 ADK
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 153 and
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 155 . 1
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 15 7
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 159 ENG
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^ Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 163 .
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 165 HEN
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 171 MEN
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 173 ONG
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1-127. Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico \77 •
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 179 SKO
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 181 TRU
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186 Lawrence W. Powers C. cubensis
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188 Lawrence W. Powers M. crebripun
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190 Lawrence W. Powers T. granulosu
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CRABS (BRACHYURA) OF THE GULF OF MEXICO

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