CRABS (BRACHYURA) OF THE GULF OF MEXICO

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86 Lawrence W. Powers 26-28; Ratlibun, 1933, p. 46; Chace, 1940, p. 31; Williams, 1965, p. 165, fig. 147; Felder, 1973a, p. 59, pi. 8, fig. 15. Range: New Jersey to south Florida; Bermuda; Bahamas; Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas; west Florida to south Texas; Campeche, off Mexico; south coast of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Hispaniola; Trinidad; Aruba, Netherlands Antilles; Bahia to Santa Catarina, Brazil. Depth: surface to 91 m (50 fm). Habitat: waters of inlets, canals, and harbors; on sand, gravel, broken shell, and mud bottoms; occasionally on Sargassum. Remarks: Lebour (1950) raised and described larvae collected at Bermuda. Holthuis (1959) listed ovigerous females from Surinam in May, August, and September; Williams (1965) summarized other records of ovigerous females. Regional lists include Florida (Wass, 1955; Tabb and Manning, 1961; Abele, 1970; Menzel, 1971), Mississippi (Richmond, 1962), Louisiana (Behre, 1950), Texas (Hildebrand, 1954; Parker, 1959; Lear>s 1967), and Campeche (Hildebrand, 1954). This crab was abundant at Campeche at depths of 6 to 10 fm, often in association with P. gibbesii. Reported from the Gulf by Chace (1956) and described generally by Fotheringham and Brunenmeister (1975). Musick and McEachran (1972) found this crab at 49 m depth in Chesapeake Bight. Gray (1957) measured gill area. Lobo de Mesquita (1972) reported biometrical data on Brazilian specimens; listed from Brazil by Coelho and Ramos (1972). Porlunus veiUralis (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) (Crust. Reg. Mex., p. 215) Rathbun, 1930, p. 43, pi. 13, figs. 1-2; Rathbun, 1933, p. 46; Chace, 1940, p. 31; Felder, 1973a, p. 59, pi. 8, fig. 11. Range: Georgia to east coast of Florida; Dry Tortugas; ? Texas; north and west coasts of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Thomas, "Virgin Islands; Barbados; Rio Grande do Norte to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Depth: shallow water, near shore, to 25 m (14 fm). Habitat: sandy beaches; tide pools; on surface of open waters. Remarks: Felder (1973a) questioned repoi-ts by Parker (1959) and Trott (unpublished) of this crab's occurrence in Texas; these records have not been verified by later collections. Rathbun (1930) reported ovigerous females from Dry Tortugas in August. Listed from Brazil hy Coelho and Ramos (1972). Porlunus vocans (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) (Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 2, p. 225) Rathbun, 1930, p. 60, text-figs. 8-9, pi. 25. Range; north coast of Cuba; between Jamaica and Haiti; Ascension Island, in the South Atlantic Ocean. Depth: 37 to 309 m (20 to 169 fm). Habitat: coral and broken shell bottoms. Superfamily XANTHOIDEA Dana, 1851 Family POTAMIDAE Ortmann, 1896
The Freshwater Crabs Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 87 The familial name, based on the genus Potamon Savigny, 1816, was corrected from the original Potamonidae of Ortmann by an ICZN decision (Opinion 712, p. 342, in 1964). A revision of the freshwater crabs by Bott (1955b) split this family into two: the Pseudothelphusidae and the Trichodactylidae. Various other schemes for classification have been proposed (Pretzmann, 1965; Bott, 1968; Smalley, 1970). Gulf region species are confined to northern Cuba and southern Mexico, but insufficient material and information is available for most species to yield accurate ranges or to present a satisfactory organization of taxonomic relationships. Because these crabs are inhabitants of rivers, lakes, and caves, species ranges tend to be restricted to small areas; several are known only from a single type specimen. Species occurring in the center of a land mass, such as Potamocarcinus (Typhlopseudothelphusa) mocinoi in caves near Comitan (Chiapas) Mexico (Rioja, 1952) could be assigned to a coastal region based on watershed drainage patterns. The Cuban species listed by Chace and Hobbs (1969) are not localized to either the Gulf or the Caribbean side of the island in the records cited. For these reasons, these crabs are not included in the present work. Further references, including some older systematic papers, can be found in the papers cited above. There exists a clear need for more extensive work on this group of brachyurans. Family XANTHIDAE Dana, 1851 This is a large family of crabs (about 1000 species and more than 130 genera) that has traditionally posed a number of taxonomic problems. Many of the species are small in size and appear morphologicallj^ similar. Individual variability and the large number of closely related species has often made definitive identification difficult, so that earlier collection records must be used cautiously. Rathbun (1930) did not subdivide her account of the xanthids into subfamilies. Guinot (1971) offers a number of systematic revisions and she comments at some length on affinities, but she also avoids listing the 51 genera that she treats under subfamilies. The same procedure is followed here, by arrangement of the 33 Gulf genera in alphabetical order, without regard for proposed affinity within the family. The xanthids are currently being revised by various workers around the world, so that a better organized and more accurate representation of this family should be forthcoming. Aclaea de Haan, 1833 Aclaea acantha (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) (Hist. Nat. Crust., vol. 1, p. 379) Rathbun, 1930, p. 261, pi. 105, fig. 5, pi. 106, figs. 1-2; Rathbun, 1933, p. 57. Range: Bahamas; Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas; northwest coast of Cuba; Jamaica; Haiti; Puerto Rico; Guadeloupe; St. Bartholomew; Fernando de Noronha, Brazil. Depth: surface to 22 m (tol2fm).
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a catalogue & bibliography to the C
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Editor: DONALD E. WOHLSCHLAG Editor
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgme
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INTRODUCTION The purpose of this ca
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I Crabs SECTION DROMIACEA de Haan,
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Family TABLE II Endemic and Total S
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Family Dromiidae Prosopidae Homolid
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 15 FIG.
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FIG. 4. Surface currents of the Gul
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 19 tive
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 21 Rema
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 23 Dept
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 25 foss
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CycZorforippe orn«fa Chace, 1940 (
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 29 Ethu
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 31 Rema
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 33 exam
Page 35 and 36: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 35 Will
Page 37 and 38: Callidactylus Stimpson, 1871 Crabs
Page 39 and 40: Persephona I^each, 1817 Persephona
Page 41 and 42: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 41 and
Page 43 and 44: Aepinus Rathbun, 1897 Crabsof the G
Page 45 and 46: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 45 Dept
Page 47 and 48: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 47 Rema
Page 49 and 50: Slenor/iync/iMs Lamarck, 1818 Crabs
Page 51 and 52: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 51 Rang
Page 53 and 54: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 53 atta
Page 55 and 56: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 55 Milh
Page 57 and 58: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 5 7 Ban
Page 59 and 60: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 59 base
Page 61 and 62: Pif/io Bell, 1835 Crabs of the Gulf
Page 63 and 64: Holoplites Rathbun, 1894 Crabs of t
Page 65 and 66: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 65 lett
Page 67 and 68: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 67 Roch
Page 71 and 72: Tutankhamen Rathbun, 1925 Crabs of
Page 75 and 76: Crabs of ihe Gulf of Mexico 75 pis.
Page 77 and 78: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 77 spec
Page 79 and 80: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 79 tole
Page 81 and 82: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 81 Love
Page 83 and 84: Crabsof the Gulf of Mexico 83 Habit
Page 85: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 85 Habi
Page 89 and 90: Carpoporus Stimpson, 1871 Crabsof t
Page 91 and 92: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 91 it b
Page 93 and 94: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 93 Habi
Page 95 and 96: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 95 Habi
Page 97 and 98: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 97 of b
Page 99 and 100: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 99 Dept
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Page 105 and 106: Piluninus L,each, 1815 Crabs of the
Page 107 and 108: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 107 Dep
Page 109 and 110: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 109 Mis
Page 111 and 112: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 111 bet
Page 113 and 114: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 113 Rem
Page 115 and 116: McCloskey & Gray, 1968, p. 52, fig.
Page 117 and 118: Range: north coast of Cuba; Puerto
Page 119 and 120: Depth: 112 to 545 m (61 to 298 fm).
Page 121 and 122: Crabs of t he Giilf of Mexico 121 f
Page 123 and 124: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 123 Ila
Page 125 and 126: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 125 Pec
Page 127 and 128: Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 127 Ran
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 137 74;
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 139 197
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Ocypoda arenaria Sa}^ 1817. Crabs o
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 143 Vca
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 145 Ran
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Ilea pugnax (Smith, 1870). Crabs of
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 149 Jam
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 151 ADK
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 153 and
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 155 . 1
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 15 7
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 159 ENG
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^ Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 163 .
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 165 HEN
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 171 MEN
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 173 ONG
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1-127. Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico \77 •
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 179 SKO
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Crabs of the Gulf of Mexico 181 TRU
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186 Lawrence W. Powers C. cubensis
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188 Lawrence W. Powers M. crebripun
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190 Lawrence W. Powers T. granulosu
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CRABS (BRACHYURA) OF THE GULF OF MEXICO

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