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xxvi TACITUS, ANNALS IV<br />
See Tarver, I. c, p. 304 :— ' <strong>The</strong> history <strong>of</strong> the lex maiesta tis<br />
is not absolutely clear ; but it is certain that comparatively-<br />
early in the Republicau period the laws provided for the<br />
punishment <strong>of</strong> a Roman citizen who by his acts diminished<br />
the majesty <strong>of</strong> the Republic . Cowardice in the field , jjrema -<br />
tarS-aurrender, dishonourable brea chPRnfJ'a.it.h by ty.tiif-h tji p<br />
dignity <strong>of</strong> the State was impaired, were deeds punishable<br />
under this la,Wr '<br />
Under Tiberius maiestas gained far-reaching importance .<br />
He employed it for his own security. An^^^^jnsult <strong>of</strong>fered to<br />
the_F.mpftT-nr in speech or writing \\i\,>i 1 jrought undeii_the<br />
its means Ikj thwarted any lutcut o^jposiijon<br />
led tu fear that any hostility<br />
statute . By<br />
among the senators, win i wme<br />
to the new regime uiii^1it^lM^jo(jkedj_i|)oii as ttea^ion.<br />
luixJSj<strong>Tacitus</strong> says that the laws were well administered<br />
except proceedings for treason (maiestatis qvripM io). In iy 19 it<br />
iM {^ti^tpd thnt Siliiif^ and ^""« «'HP could easTTy have been con -<br />
demned o n charges <strong>of</strong> repe.tunda(^. f'eTtort.ion) ; but the whole<br />
bnsinftss was managed ?nat'e8to^f'5 quaestioiie ;<br />
ami Siliiis antini-<br />
patedjionyictioi^ Viy aiiinidp^ Ti^ \ v 91 Calpurnius Piso, accused<br />
"^a pri vatif f^onvpf>;.qtinn n^^i^e,;i)i,n majestatem^ escapes condemnation<br />
by opporf anfi dpat.h<br />
fi<br />
<strong>The</strong> scope <strong>of</strong>maiextas was extended by the patronage which<br />
Tiberius afforded to the delgiac^s. <strong>The</strong>_phrase nomen deferre<br />
is used several times Jii_Cicero for 'to accuse,' 'to inform<br />
against.' Also he iispih dp.ln.tin several times as a general term<br />
for 'accusation.' 'dennnciation .' In Silver Latin d _eferre is<br />
u^ed with accusative <strong>of</strong> person and genitive <strong>of</strong> charge ;<br />
and<br />
ddainr is <strong>of</strong>ten used forJinformer,' sometimes, with genitive,<br />
<strong>of</strong> charge, as delator maiestatis _(\\ 50) and_(feZato^ Papiae<br />
legis (Suet. Nero 10). A quarter <strong>of</strong> the property <strong>of</strong> the con-<br />
yicted person went by law to ihGdeh/tnTPs ( \\' 20).<br />
VV hgn 1 i berius canie to t liejjiroiie, jje_regarded the system<br />
<strong>of</strong> delatio as a useful engine for the enforcing <strong>of</strong> justice.