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UTB-CBIRD Report: “At The Crossroads” Economic Development 93 Income Migration Analysis 1 Population migration for Cameron County reflects the total incoming minus the total outgoing of tax-paying individuals over 1992 – 2001, Figure 5.4. Income migration reflects the net gain or loss of annual household income, using 2000 values, Figure 5.5. For example, the net loss of population in Figure 5.4 indicates that more tax paying people moved from Cameron County to other Texas MSA than moved to Cameron County and this net loss of income indicates the total household income of the out-migrants was greater than that of the inmigrants (Figure 5.5). Figure 5. 4. Cameron County Population Migration 1992 – 2000 Cameron Co. Population Migration, 1992-2000 -12,000 -10,000 -8,000 -6,000 -4,000 -2,000 0 2,000 Select Areas of State -10,547 -10,146 -4,783 Areas with Net Flows in Excess of 100 Source: Internal Revenue Service -2,638 -2,616 -1,719 -1,678 -1,455 -1,415 -410 -110 401 All Texas MSAs Texas South Texas MSAs San Antonio MSA Austin-San Marcos MSA McAllen-Edinburg-Mission MSA Border MSAs Dallas-Fort W orth CMSA Houston-Galveston-Brazoria CMSA Corpus Christi MSA Victoria MSA NonMetro Texas During 1992 – 2000 Cameron County lost 10,547 tax paying citizens to all Texas MSAs including 2,638 to San Antonio, 2,616 to Austin-San Marcos, and 1,719 to McAllen-Edinburg-Mission. In terms of total annual income generated by these migrants Cameron County lost about $36 million dollars to Austin-San Marcos, $32 million to San Antonio, and $27 million to McAllen-Edinburg-Mission. Out-migration from Cameron County to the rest of Texas accounted for the loss of over 10,146 residents from 1992-2000. However, this out-migration was more 1 Each year as Internal Revenue Service returns are processed, computers record the migration patterns of every filing American. Data recorded includes the total annual income of the filer, the number of dependent or exempt individuals in the household, and the county of residence at the time of filing. Often overlooked, this rich source of data provides a reliable indicator of the movement of people and income within the United States on an annual basis. Census data provides a more accurate accounting of the movement of individuals, but it is updated only every ten years and provides only estimates of the income associated with those migrants. For this analysis of Cameron County income migration, Civic Economics did not directly collect and manipulate IRS data. Rather the analysis is built on the work of Professor Emeritus Robert Cushing of the University of Texas at Austin and Dr. Michael Oden, Research and Policy Advisor to the firm. Data available reflects the migration of people and income into and from Cameron County to the rest of Texas. For readability, counties have been grouped into the state’s Metropolitan Statistical Areas (generally urbanized areas with a population of 50,000 or more) and into non-metropolitan area (generally all rural counties). The Cushing analysis uses IRS returns from 1992-2001. One Region – One Future Cameron County attracts low-wage, often low-skill labor that the region trains and then exports north while the region often imports high-wage, high-skill labor.
UTB-CBIRD Report: “At The Crossroads” Economic Development 94 than made up for by in-migration from Mexico and other nations. Indeed, this pattern may simply reflect Brownsville’s role as a gateway to the United States, as thousands of newcomers move on after residing, for a while, in the county. This theory is reinforced in a comparison of the average household incomes of inmigrants and outmigrants. Though Brownsville has suffered significant losses of gross income to all of Texas’ major metropolitan areas, the picture is reversed at the level of the individual household. For example, during 1992-2000, 2,215 households representing 5,145 people moved from the Dallas-Ft. Worth MSA to Cameron County while 3,061 households representing 6,600 people moved in the opposite direction. While the gross income loss to Dallas-Fort Worth exceeds $7 Million per year, the arriving households actually enjoy substantially higher incomes than those leaving, a difference of over $5,500 per year. Figure Cam eron 5. 5. Co. Cameron IncomCounty e Migration, Income Migration 1992-2000 1992 – 2000 -$150,000 -$100,000 -$50,000 $0 $50,000 Select Areas of State -$131,204 -$124,657 (in thousands) -$62,735 -$36,408 -$31,917 -$27,868 -$26,951 -$20,349 -$7,333 Areas with Net Flows in Excess of $1 million Source: Internal Revenue Service -$3,644 -$2,202 $6,546 All Texas M SAs Texas South Texas MSAs Austin-San Marcos MSA San Antonio MSA Border MSAs McAllen-Edinburg-Mission MSA Houston-Galveston-Brazoria CMSA Dallas-Fort W orth CMSA Corpus Christi MSA Killeen-Temple MSA NonMetro Texas At the Crossroads On the one hand, as long as binational immigration patterns remain as they are, Cameron County will continue to provide a gateway to new residents determined to work in the U.S. despite the challenges. Once these immigrants have established a foothold and a degree of mobility in Cameron County, the tendency is to move to cities further from the border in search of greater opportunity and higher wages. On the other hand, Cameron County faces a classic opportunity for import substitution. Rather than an issue of input commodities, though, the region appears to suffer a shortage of the high-wage, high-skill workers needed to run regional businesses. Evidence of this shortage is found in the continuing immigration of higher wage workers from Austin, Dallas, and San Antonio to Cameron County. Additional evidence is found in the relatively low wages available in otherwise high wage clusters such as Business Services, Wholesale Una Region -- Un Futuro With sufficient educational resources and direction, Cameron County can slow the exchange of labor presently taking place and provide opportunities for its own citizens to climb the economic ladder locally.
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CAMERON COUNTY/MATAMOROS AT THE CRO
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For George and Ronya Kozmetsky Dedi
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There is no choice in whether this
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University of Texas at Brownsville;
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SECTION 4. EDUCATION & TRAINING INT
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SECTION 6. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDA
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Tables 3. 1. Respondents' Professio
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SECTION 6 Figures 6. 1. Border Secu
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Cross-Border Patient Needs: Develop
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UTB/TSC Student Profile Wage Compar
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UTB-CBIRD Report: “At the Crossro
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⇒ EDUCATION & TRAINING INTRODUCTI
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APPENDICES
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APPENDIX B. SURVEY INSTRUMENT Pleas
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QUESTION 3: Please circle your best
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APPENDIX C. CLUSTER ANALYSIS METHOD
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APPENDIX D. SHIFT-SHARE ANALYSIS Sh
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APPENDIX E. TRANSPORTATION INFRASTR
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Table E.3 indicates that while sout
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volumes. The Port of San Diego also
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The Port of Brownsville has over 33
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cargo operation and continued devel
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⇒ Top Five User Requirements 1. I
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Duca, John V. and Mine K. Yucel.
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Rylander, Carol Keeton. Texas Regio
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PROJECT PARTNERS
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UTB-CBIRD The Cross Border Institut
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IC² Institute, The University of T
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