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Bridges Cameron County has four international bridges that provide inland access across the Rio Grande River into Mexico: B&M Bridge at Brownsville, Gateway International Bridge and Free Trade Bridge at Los Indios; and Veterans International Bridge at Los Tomates. Table E.1 presents the ownership and hours of operations for each of the four bridges. Table E.1. Cameron County International Bridges along the Texas-Mexico Border Bridge Name Ownership Hours of Operations for Privately-owned Vehicles B & M Private 24 hours Free Trade at Los Indios Cameron County, City of San Benito, & City of Harlingen 6 am-Midnight M-F Gateway Int’l Cameron County 24 hours Veterans Int’l at Los Tomates Cameron County & City of Brownsville 6 am-Midnight M-Su Hours of Operations for Commercial Vehicles 7 am-7 pm M-F 10 am-6 pm Sa-Su 7 am-11 pm M-F 8 am-4 pm Sa-Su International Bridge Truck Crossings As indicated in Table E.2, northbound Brownsville truck crossings have increased by 100% from 1994 (125,441) to 2001 (251,613). The opening of the Veteran’s International Bridge in 1999 had a dramatic affect on the number of crossings, and the number more than doubled for the years of 1999 (265,462) and 2000 (299,238). But at the same time, total Texas northbound truck crossings increased by 240% from 1994 (659,949) to 2001 (2,239,090), and Cameron County’s traffic did not increase accordingly. Most of this increase was taken by Laredo, with five international bridges, and McAllen-Hidalgo with two international bridges. Table E.2. Truck Crossings into Texas from Mexico, 1994-2001 Hours of Operations for Hazardous Material 7 am-7 pm M-F 10 am-5 pm Sa-Su 9 am-3 pm M-Su Source: Texas Department of Transportation TRUCKS: NORTH 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Brownsville 125,441 115,828 118,171 122,883 121,255 265,462 299,238 251,613 Del Rio 25,158 28,926 29,695 33,042 35,456 59,843 61,228 59,942 Eagle Pass 24,884 31,747 36,261 40,628 49,072 101,242 106,892 97,658 Laredo 366,781 428,774 575,886 576,652 650,907 1,486,511 1,493,073 1,404,184 McAllen-Hidalgo 98,887 114,752 139,728 156,516 167,077 325,352 374,150 368,395 Progreso 8,592 9,189 8,111 7,994 3,741 16,588 12,001 19,844 Rio Grande City 6,384 6,064 10,635 15,917 12,546 20,946 24,065 25,724 Roma 3,822 4,701 5,388 5,747 7,895 15,985 2,824 11,730 Total 659,949 739,981 923,875 959,379 1,047,949 2,291,929 2,383,471 2,239,090 Source: Texas Department of Transportation There are five reasons why the twin cities of Laredo are booming. And every one of them spans the Rio Grande… Timothy Roche Time Magazine July 11, 2001, p. 50. xii.
Table E.3 indicates that while southbound traffic through Brownsville is higher than northbound traffic, southbound truck crossings have increased by only 7% from 1994 (204,344) to 2001 (217,731). This is a small fraction compared to the total southbound truck crossings increase of 98% from 1994 (1,102,446) to 2001 (2,187,114). As with northbound truck crossings, Brownsville has not captured its share of increased truck crossing traffic, and this increase has largely been taken by Laredo (which takes over 50% of total bridge traffic in both directions of the cities listed here). When comparing the increase in northbound to southbound Brownsville trucking crossings it is evident that the northbound truck crossings have increased significantly from the southbound truck crossings. This may suggest that maquiladoras in Mexico have increased production of products destined for U.S. and Canadian markets. Table E.3. Truck Crossings into Mexico from Texas, 1994-2001 1 Trucks -South 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Brownsville+ 204,344 184,848 197,617 229,788 290,746 237,189 234,121 217,731 Del Rio+ 33,622 34,529 36,670 43,579 66,186 67,788 69,468 69,770 Eagle Pass++ 40,728 34,918 39,747 44,416 50,167 81,868 108,704 92,466 Harlingen+ 57,085 35,316 44,154 42,207 64,912 74,833 71,714 42,599 Laredo++(+) 548,409 422,916 516,790 650,812 1,188,577 1,306,655 1,409,336 1,407,621 McAllen-Hidalgo+ 170,704 123,426 124,986 98,640 52,381 51,458 46,933 37,244 Pharr+ NA 30,981 56,863 114,008 180,171 206,298 256,899 258,386 Progreso+ 24,357 21,109 20,000 14,008 16,834 27,627 25,116 25,724 Rio Grande City+ 15,795 13,513 17,905 21,795 21,561 23,887 21,602 21,940 Roma+ 7,402 7,710 8,911 8,976 10,556 15,767 13,142 13,633 Total 1,102,446 909,266 1,063,643 1,268,229 1,942,091 2,093,370 2,257,035 2,187,114 Source: Texas Department of Transportation Port of Brownsville The Port of Brownsville opened in 1936 and is located at the southern tip of Texas at the end of a 17-mile (27 kilometers) channel that meets the Gulf of Mexico at the Brazos Santiago Pass. The Port, a man-made basin 4,200’ long and varying in width from 400’ to 1,200’, is three miles north of the Rio Grande and the Mexican border, five (5) miles east of the City of Brownsville and seven miles from the rail and highway border crossing. 2 The Port of Brownsville is unique in that it offers its customers five modes of transportation to and from the port: ⇒ ocean vessels ⇒ US and Mexican truck transport ⇒ US and Mexican rail service ⇒ barge service via the US Intercoastal and Inland Waterway Systems ⇒ air service 1 Source: Data provided by U.S. bridge operators in cited cities and compiled by Texas A&M Int’l University, Texas Center for Border Economic and Enterprise Development. Notes: The symbols indicate the following: (+) loaded and empty trucks, (++) loaded trucks and (+++) does not separate loaded trucks from other vehicles thus not reported. Laredo++(+): 1990-97 figures denote loaded trucks and 1998 figure denotes loaded and empty trucks. Data was unavailable for El Paso. 2001’s decrease in northbound truck crossings, and the steady decrease in southbound truck crossings every year since it peaked in 1998, can be attributed to the slowdown in the U.S. and Canadian economies. 2 Port of Brownsville, Web site: http://www.portofbrownsville.com/, Accessed: April 22, 2002 xiii.
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CAMERON COUNTY/MATAMOROS AT THE CRO
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For George and Ronya Kozmetsky Dedi
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There is no choice in whether this
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University of Texas at Brownsville;
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SECTION 4. EDUCATION & TRAINING INT
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SECTION 6. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDA
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Tables 3. 1. Respondents' Professio
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SECTION 6 Figures 6. 1. Border Secu
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Cross-Border Patient Needs: Develop
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UTB/TSC Student Profile Wage Compar
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UTB-CBIRD Report: “At the Crossro
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⇒ EDUCATION & TRAINING INTRODUCTI
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Percentage UTB-CBIRD Report: “At
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⇒ ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT This secti
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Page 183 and 184: APPENDICES
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Page 189 and 190: APPENDIX C. CLUSTER ANALYSIS METHOD
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Page 197 and 198: volumes. The Port of San Diego also
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Page 209 and 210: Rylander, Carol Keeton. Texas Regio
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