10 Draft Integrated Waste Management Plan - City Council - City of ...

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2012 Davis Integrated Waste Management Plan Executive Summary The primary goal of this document is to develop a plan to achieve a waste reduction target (75% diversion equivalent) as estimated by CalRecycle, based on per capita disposal, by the year 2020, while keeping the cost of service as low as possible. The waste reduction target is a waste weight-based calculation, so the City’s priority is to focus on heavier weighted materials for maximum diversion. The waste reduction target will be achieved through five major components: composting, outreach, Davis Waste Removal Company (DWR) contract updates, solid waste rates and solid waste policy. This section provides a summary of these five major components, which are discussed in more detail within this plan. Composting In order to meet the year 2020 waste reduction target, perhaps the most obvious item on the checklist is to begin collecting food scraps and food soiled paper for composting from all businesses and residents. According to the California Department of Resources, Recycling and Recovery, food scraps make up 15.5% of the overall total waste stream that is currently landfilled, and when combined with food soiled paper and other non-recyclable organic materials, comprise over 30% of our currently disposed materials. Collecting all the food scraps, food soiled paper and other non-recyclable organic materials from all customers (businesses and residents) would be the most effective means for the City to meet the year 2020 waste reduction target. The City began a pilot commercial food scrap collection program in 2011, but this program is still in its infancy. No such program exists yet for the residential sector. Yard material is currently collected from all customers and is shipped to a local compost facility. Many jurisdictions have encouraged customers to include food scraps with their yard material for weekly collection. However, due to the loose-in-the-street method that is currently in practice in Davis, this is not possible. In order to collect food scraps from customers, the City would need to distribute a separate food scrap collection container (that would be set out at the curb once a week for collection) or would need to issue a large cart for collecting combined yard materials and food scraps. To maximize efficiency, minimize cost, promote bike safety, decrease visual blight and for numerous other reasons, this Plan supports the option of issuing a large cart for combined yard materials and food scrap collection. DRAFT Containerization of yard materials is not a new concept. In fact, is it estimated that anywhere from 95-98% of California jurisdictions that offer yard materials collection have yard material carts. Davis is one of the few remaining jurisdictions that offers loose-in-the-street collection of yard materials. An extensive community outreach program would need to be implemented before such a change could be enacted, and it may take a year to achieve complete participation in the new collection program. Containerizing yard materials would also allow the City to decrease the frequency of street sweeping (currently done weekly) and allow residents and businesses to place food scraps in with yard materials for collection. The down side of containerized plant trimmings collection is that the recovered materials are likely to be more contaminated. Expanding solid waste services to include containerized food scrap collection and yard material collection will require a long-term, cost-effective composting solution. Therefore, a composting feasibility study is proposed to Page | IX
2012 Davis Integrated Waste Management Plan look in-depth at the most economic and environmentally sound method to collect and location to process the City’s organic wastes. This feasibility study would look into and consider the costs, strengths and weakness of several composting facility concepts: a regional compost facility at the Yolo County Central Landfill (YCCL), a City-owned digester located at the wastewater treatment plant, partnering with UC Davis to use their anaerobic digester, and continuing to use the Zamora composting facility. Due to the close location, planned longevity, level of control and other factors, a regional composting facility located at the YCCL or UC Davis options may be the most viable (subject to the completion of the feasibility study). A City-owned digester may only be able to handle food waste, and the last resort may be to continue with bringing compostable materials to Zamora, due to the long distance to the facility and associated transportation costs. Current composting options are discussed in section 4.3 and the possible long term solutions are discussed in section 4.3.1. Yard material collection options are discussed in detail in section 4.2.1. Outreach Two main types of outreach are described in this plan, programmatic outreach and targeted outreach. Programmatic outreach includes all the regular outreach conducted by the City as the normal course of business in assisting customers to be familiar with recycling, composting and waste reduction. Programmatic outreach techniques are discussed in section 6. This Plan recommends that the City continue to utilize electronic outreach methods whenever possible, via internet, social media, email list groups, e-newsletters and other electronic outreach options. However, with the advent of the City’s new billing system, utility bill inserts have become possible, and expanding the use of bill stuffers as a form of outreach is definitely encouraged. An occasional postcard mailed out to all residents is also possible and effective to remind residents about recycling options. The City will continue to document outreach improvements that are cost effective. There are a number of changes proposed in this plan for programmatic outreach. Surveys will be considered for future use, especially in light of the proposed solid waste service changes discussed in this plan. The City will also improve the amount and quality of outreach to businesses. One such improvement would be the creation of an e-newsletter that is sent out to businesses at regular intervals. DRAFT Targeted outreach refers to the outreach required for specific issues. Several such issues will be coming to light in the next several years: containerization, consideration of a variable single-family residential rate, and a longterm composting option, just to name a few. A specific outreach plan will need to be implemented for each of these types of large scale issues. Developing an approach plan in advance will be helpful in assisting the City when these projects are discussed with the community. Davis Waste Removal Contract The current contract with the City’s franchised waste hauler, DWR was last signed in 2004. Several amendments have been made since then, but the bulk of the contract has remained unchanged. The City’s updated DWR contract is in Appendix B. The City is currently negotiating an updated contract with DWR and in FY 2012-2013, the City Council will consider executing the new contract. The new contract includes more flexibility to modify service to meet the Page | X
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