Sanctioning Apartheid - KORA

The Fnnrtline States and Sunctiuns againsf South Africa 279
bdating, or at least cushioning, themselves adequately against
such an evmhdity can they contemplate participating in further
measures against South Africa. For this reason, the priority in
pfisy has shifted from sanctions per m to disengagement. The
greatest challenge the FLS face is how to survive the k t months
of an emergency, specidly if it involves a complete closure of
the South Afriean border. To minimize ns vulnerability in such
ckumstanses, urgent attention is needed in three priority areas.n
The first requirement is a stockpile of essential supplies
adequate to tide the Fronttine States over the first three or four
month of a siege. Any such contingency exerciser however, is
baud to encounter fierce resistance, as Pretoria has always been
mmfd to keep its neighbors on a short tether, nody rationing
them to no more than three week's supply of basics. When
Botswana took precautions to inme its oil storage capacity,
Sotah Africa emwed that the tanks were never filled. Similarly,
Lesotho's aateempts to import four month" reserve of dined
A l e oil through Maputo were frustrated by Retoria's refusal
to provide the neowsary tfarmsit Zambia and Zimbabwe
can expect the same systematic obstruction in their current
search for dternative sources of supply of mining equipment and
spares.79 Other projects that require acceleration are m s food
security program and provisions for assured supplies of fer-
Hizmrm medicines, spdv steels, tools, and spare parts
per ally.
No effort at stockpiling will succeed or suffice, however,
unless secure and reliable alternative transport mutes and
facilities are. available. Despite the widespread appreciation of
the problems and mnsiderable progress in overcoming them,
there are still three aspects occasioning critical concern. These
are the current heavy reliance on locomotives and wagons on
loan from South Africa, the absence of alternative pork equipped
to handle Zimbabwe's and Botswana's Wed beef exports and,
mere generally8 the inability of Mozambican and Tanzanian
rwb, in their present state of partial rehabilitation, to cope with
the full volume and complexity of prs &&c.
The third area of vulnerability relates to the provision of
electricity. The position of Maputo is particularly precarious as
the transmission lines from Cabora Bassa pass through South