Sanctioning Apartheid - KORA

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C Prohibit the import of kruvds (sic). Afl of the above measures are similar to the dtxbiofls of the Conmon Market in these mattas. To appreciate the dessneas of ariicle 1, one should recall that all Wgn iuments by Israeli individuals or ~ r are d y controlled and restricted. The volume of IsraeIi invdments in South Ahica in the past has been hi@ic;ant, and Swth Africa in 1907 did not look like a good place to invest in any case. Concening article 2, one must remember that the Israeli goeemment has never given my loans b anybody in South Afrh and, with a faneign debt of over $25 billion, is in no pdtbn to do that To appreciate the true meaning of atticle 28, one should recaIl that haid has never sold any oil to South Afriq far the unforhmate reason that Israel has no oil to sell to
The South Afrr'ci-Israel Alliance, 1986-1988 anyonee The only oil product that Israel could conCe;iMbly sell would be olive oil. Article 2C, which received the most attention in the media, is similarly ridiculous. By Israeli law, the importation and sale of any gold coins are strictly forbidden, so no Knrvds have ever been sold in Isad The true sigruficance of the prohibitions has been noted in the Israeli press, but has not been probed by the media in the United States. It is important to realize that the various declarations about 'k," "restriciions," or "sanctions" on trade with Sauth Africa are not backed by any legal machinery, unlike the measures adopted by the American Congress or by European governments. The September deckation was discussed by Kn& member, Uzi Landau, as f01lows: I can see the logic.. . the measures are more ddmative than substantive . . . I can see the logic in passing decisions calculated to ward off extend criticism, but such decisions should not entail anything more than the barest minimum of substance. It is in Israel's interest to preserve ties with South Africa in military and mnunerdal fields alike? Even the two "meaningless" declarations issued d&g 1987 drew public criticism from Israelis who found them superfluous and objectionable. Some critics regarded these moves as a shameful surrender to the United States. An editor of the J d m Post, Israel's English language daily, mte: America has cut off links and Israel is expedd to follow suit, Is that not asking too much, and do we have to obey our mentor submissively? . . . we have not been supplying arms to America's enemies. The springboks are in the Western camp. . . . America decided, for reasons of its om, to blackball Swth Aflk Our~iswwedidm~*.... Obligations are one thing, servility another; and a eriW red line separates the two? However, the recent public relations campaign has brought about some notably in the US Congress and at the
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SANCTIONING APARTHEID Edited by Rob
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Introduction Robert Edgar CONTENTS
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South Afrimn Sanctions Breaking in
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a1 Center for Dedopment Poli~y; Lut
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2 Directing the Export-Import Bank
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sources are identified or tapped. A
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South Africa's credit rating and it
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system and Conpzsional dissatisfact
Page 20 and 21: Works, Ways and M-, Interior, and E
Page 22 and 23: 12 Sanctioning Apartheid The diffic
Page 24 and 25: through Swadmd and take advantage o
Page 26 and 27: Despite the mounting evidence that
Page 29 and 30: IMFLEMENTATION OF THE A m- APARTHEI
Page 31 and 32: Implementah of the Anfi-Apartheid A
Page 33 and 34: Implementation of the Anti-Aparthei
Page 35 and 36: Implementatiotl of the Anti-AprfM R
Page 37 and 38: Implementation ~f the Anti-Aparthei
Page 39 and 40: Emplementation of the Anti-Aparthei
Page 41 and 42: Implemenkrtion of the Anti-Aparthei
Page 43 and 44: ntpiementation of the Anti-Aparthei
Page 45 and 46: Implementation of the Anti-Aphid Ac
Page 47 and 48: Imp&- I m p l m h of the An ti-Apar
Page 49 and 50: Implmtafion of the Anti-AprChejd Ac
Page 51 and 52: hqlmfatibn of fhe AnfrLAphid Act of
Page 55 and 56: Imphtafion of the Anki-A+ Ad of 198
Page 57 and 58: Implan~1Wh of the Anti-Apartheid Ac
Page 59 and 60: 1- of the Anti-ApaW Ad of 1986 4. L
Page 61 and 62: Implmfrxliotr of fhe Anti-Apartheid
Page 63 and 64: ImplmtnU of the Anti-Apmiheid Act o
Page 67 and 68: THE SOUTH AFRICA-ISKAEL ALLIANCE, 1
Page 69: The South Af&~-heI Anh8 1986-1988 5
Page 73 and 74: coIlaboration. The total Israeli co
Page 75 and 76: The South Aftrca-Israel Alliance, 1
Page 77 and 78: SANCTIONS, DISINVESTMENT, AND US CO
Page 79 and 80: S m h , Disimtment, and US Corpmnti
Page 81 and 82: S a m J Disirmestmmt, and US Corpor
Page 83 and 84: Sancfions, Disimestment, and US Cor
Page 85 and 86: S m h , Disimtmt, and US Corpmation
Page 87 and 88: Sanctions, Disim)mwtt, and US Gnpmf
Page 89 and 90: Sanctions, Disinvesfmnt, and US Cor
Page 91 and 92: Sutrcfions, Disimiment, and US Gorp
Page 93 and 94: Sanctions, Disimstment, and US Gqwr
Page 95 and 96: emoved the immediate pressure on So
Page 97 and 98: Sanctions, Disinvestment, and US Co
Page 99: Su-# Disimbt, nnd US Corpemtiolns r
Page 102 and 103: 92 Sanctioning Apartheid to disinve
Page 104 and 105: elevance: people were asked directl
Page 106 and 107: 0nehaSwa~thefierp~geandhDstilea~tud
Page 108 and 109: had suffered psychoIogically). "The
Page 110 and 111: ment would amount to a dosing d m o
Page 112 and 113: ut at the same time it is isdemhhg
Page 114 and 115: Sanctionkg Apartheid military optio
Page 116 and 117: Sanctioning Apartheid Asikpd: 64; N
Page 118: and to feel that it has brought ver
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affechg business confidence in that
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abes have chopped to just over 12%
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17re Impact of New Sanctions agains
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The Impact of New Sanctions againsf
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7Ice Impncf of New Sandions agninsl
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The Impd of Nao Smh'm against South
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The Impact of Neut Sanctions agains
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The Iftff~ct of Nau Sanctions again
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The Impncf of New Sanctions against
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The Inrpf of New Sancriens against
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The Impact of New Sanctions against
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The Imp& of New bctions against Sou
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The Imp3 of Near Sunclions against
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The I mpd of Neut Sandimrs against
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more, as Randall Robin emphaswd, if
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Table 1 Sales of US affiliatd opera
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paid jobs nor landg Forced removals
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Table 2 Major United Statea Expmbj
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Bo- ktho, and Swaziland all depiwld
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manufa- iglports they require from
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154 Sanctioning Aprrfheid Sanctiom
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Scraps of evidence suggest that in
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earned in an hour. Dekdhe work is n
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Sanctioning Apaftheid 3. "rum Up He
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27. Aqglo had prmhdy aq&d a growing
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THE OIL EMBARGO AGAINST' SOUTH AFRI
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The Oil Embargo against South qFica
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The Oil Embargo ugargarmt South A m
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egulations, the oil companies remai
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ite Oil Embnrgo agargarnst South AJ
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The Oil Embargo againsf South Afric
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7?ze Oil Embnsgo ap'ns5 Solrth Afri
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The Oil Embargo against South Afric
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HIGH-TECH SANCTIONS: MORE BARK THAN
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High-Tech Samtiotxs exported by Ame
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High-Tech Smctbns African high-tech
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High-Tech Sanctions 187 Case One: U
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High-Tech Sanctions There are numem
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High-Tech Sancfions the restriction
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High-Tach Sanctions 19. m d o r a i
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Sanctioning Apartheid wages average
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Sanctioning Apmtheid to smuggle its
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Sanctioning Apartheid The ban would
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2 The gold market could well profit
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204 Sanctioning Apartheid The finan
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206 Sanctioning Apartheid are the s
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Sanctioning Apartheid high gold pri
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SANCTIONS AND FINANCING SOUTH AFRIC
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Snncfions and Financing South Afric
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Sanctions and Fim'ng South AAfrr's
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Sanctions and Financing South AFjcn
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SamW and Finnncing South Africu's F
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Sanctiotrs and Financing South Afn'
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Sanctions and Financing South Afrim
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SIIlrntions and FWng South Afn'm's
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Sanctions and Financing South Afrrc
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Sandions mrd Financing South Africa
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Sanetiam and Finam'ng South Africa'
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Sanctias and Financing South Africa
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Samfiom and Financing South Africa'
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Sawlions and Financing South Africa
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SamW and Financing South Afim's For
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Smrdions and Financing South Afica'
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Sanctioning Aprfheid This threat wa
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246 Sanctioning Apartheid and many
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Table 2 1986 Platinum Imports I-*8
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Notes a. Bureau of Mines, Prqnint f
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252 Sanctioning Apartheid on vanadi
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9. ~ u o f ~ , ~ ~ ~ l 9 8 6 B u n
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the w d cmmunity. How the Frontline
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258 Sanctioning Apartheid and gener
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260 Sanctioning Apartheid The optim
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262 Sanctioning Apartheid Contingen
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the podbility of a sudden clamre of
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266 Sanctioning Aparfheid launched
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dwkicms percolatd to the public alm
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y diverfing their London Bights thr
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272 Snnching Apartheid humiljating
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his &camfort. Accordingly, on 21 Ju
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276 Sanctioning Apartheid which the
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Sanctioning Apartheid Of immediate
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280 Sanctioning Apartheid &M Botswa
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azmmmity on the question of Namibia
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22, Colin "Ma FrontIine Sbabes get
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Assbme to Fronthe Stafes had been a
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47. TimesI 28 July lWI 7. Following
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Table 1 Zimbabtw Znrnbia Six LundhM
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78. Hanlon, Btggm Ym Neighhum* 75,m
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Given that fact, a primary corn is
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developmgnt of Southern Rhodesia, A
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298 Sanctioning Apmthd involved in
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ed to the integrity of the South Af
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Sanctioning Apartheid creates a nat
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in 19815 to UA%9,127,OQO in 1984 an
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3[P6 Sancfwning Apartheid flying to
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Msnegi wa Dikgang/The Reporter put
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310 Smctiuning Apartheid at least i
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312 Sanctioning Aprrtheid criticism
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314 Sanctioning Aparfheid the South
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Sanctioning Apartheid would probabl
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Sntlcfioning Apartheid to the anti-
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Sanctioning Apartheid 9. See the di
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SOUTH AFRICAN SANCTIONS BREAKING IN
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south Afrwm Smrctim Ereding in S ou
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South Afrimn Sanctions Braking in S
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South Afnam Sanctions Braaking in S
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South Afncan Sanctions Braking in S
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South Afncan Sanctions Braking in S
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South African Smictions Breaking in
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Soufh African Sanctions Breaking in
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SANCTIONS AGAINST SOUTH AFRICA: LES
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Sanctias against Soufh Africa: Leso
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Sanctions against South Africa: LPs
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Sanctions against South Africa: Les
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SanctiDns againsf South Africa: Les
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Sanctions against South Afn'cn: Les
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358 Sanctioning Apartheid policy ob
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Such success gives the lie to South
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Sanctioning Apartheid Prime Ministe
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-tm ! ts71n2 t t ~ ~ p d I W S ~ 1
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366 Sanctioning Apartheid biggest c
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368 Sanctioning Apartheid and Beia
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370 Sanctioning Apartheid tend to b
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Sanctioning ApartM ing the dependen
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suffering from drought, economic co
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376 Smtiming Apartheid to attempt t
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Sanctioning Rpmfheid 10. The market
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TPI[E CLJLTLWiL BOYCOTT OF SOUTH AF
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The Cultural Boycott 4 Smith Africa
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TSlt Cuftuml Boyco f f of Sou fh Af
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The Cultuml Bqm# of Soufh Afrim EIE
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The Cultural Boycott of South Afrun
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The Cullural Bqywtf of South Aj%a (
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The Cultural Boycott of South Afrim
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The Cultural Boycuff of South Afric
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THE CULTUWiL BOYCOTT OF SOUTH AFRIC
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The Cultural Boycott of South Afric
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llre Cultufal Bpywff of South AfPia
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The Cdlural Bqmtt of South Afrim 1I
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The Culbral Baycoff of South Afriut
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The Cultural Boym# of Soufh A W III
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The Culhrral Boycatf of South Afric
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The CdWl Boycott of South Africn (I
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EDITOR Robert Edgar is hwdate Profe
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John Lind is the amutive director o
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Pe$e's Rights in m Unjust World: fh
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hswiation of Westem Europ an Parlia
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US companiesS 77-79,183 90 Confedem
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smuggling 19648,200, 2D6W SOUXIZ 1W
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Sanctioning Apartheid Letsie, Skl-m
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Olympic Ahways 287 Oman 174 Ontd I8
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oil 16678 ~ t a ] CsGeMViduaE s nam
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uranitlm 178 US d m l@htion 10-1 1
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Sanctioning Apartheid - KORA

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