Sanctioning Apartheid - KORA

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<strong>Sanctioning</strong> <strong>Apartheid</strong> African government has made clear that its approval of it was in some sense a reward for Jonathan's overthrow and the more accommodating stance of Lekhanya's government, and it is wholly dependent on the cooperation of the South Ahican government. Of course, the project is of vital sigru6cance to continued industrial development in the core PWV (Rand) region of South Africa, but South Africa could withstand a short delay, whereas a Lesotho government cannot necessarily withstand even temporary disruptions to normal commercial relations with South Africa. It would seem, therefore, that in the absence of evidence to the contrary, the best assumption to make is that the government of Lesotho will defend sanctions avoidance via capital flight to the hilt and will condemn any instances of sanctions evasion that come to light, but will make no great efforts to detect the latter. Time will show if this is correct. Notes 1. John E. Bardill and James H. Cobbe, Lesotk: D- of Depmdcncu in Solrfhern AfriaP (Boulder, Co.; Westview Publishing Co., 1985); James Cobbe, "EEonomic Aspects of Lesotho's Relations with South Africa," Journal of Modem African Studies, m, 1 (1988), 7l-90. 2. Cobbe, "Economic Aspects of Lesotho's Relations." For a slightly different view, see Robert Edgar, "Ihe Lesotho Coup of 1986," Sollth e n Rcvh rv (johannesburg: Ram Press, 19871,373482 3. Afriaa Cmr~~l, 4 March 15s. 4. 1986 Population Census Reliminary Results, Bureau of Statistics CMaseru, ktho Government Printer, 1987); Unpublished working tables, 1985/$6 Labour Force Survey, Btnau of Statistics. 5. See Ron de Vletkr's chapter in Carl Keyter, ed, The Rqmf on tk Fmdmgs of the hmd Consultation on Migratimr and Dcodopmmt,
Sanctions against South Africa: Lesotho's Role Roma, Lesotho, June 1986 Weru: and Tramformation Resoufce CentreI 19861,8547. 6. Fion de Vletter, "Foreign Labour on the South African Gold Mines: New Insights on an Old Problem," Intmtional Lobour Remh, 126, 2 (1987). ' These numbers come from the Central Bank of Lesotho's Quarterly &view, w, 4 IDecember 1987), 61; I?~fernational Hemld Tnhne, 14 March 1988. 8. 'Tes~tho industrialists protected against sanctions hardships," Lesotho Natiunal Dmlopment Corporatiotl Newsletter, Fit Quarter, 1987. 9. Weekly Nail, 12 November 1987. 10. rPsotho Today, 7 April 1988. 11. Anti-Aprtheid N m (Landon), March 1988.
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SANCTIONING APARTHEID Edited by Rob
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Introduction Robert Edgar CONTENTS
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South Afrimn Sanctions Breaking in
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a1 Center for Dedopment Poli~y; Lut
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2 Directing the Export-Import Bank
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sources are identified or tapped. A
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South Africa's credit rating and it
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system and Conpzsional dissatisfact
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Works, Ways and M-, Interior, and E
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12 Sanctioning Apartheid The diffic
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through Swadmd and take advantage o
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Despite the mounting evidence that
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IMFLEMENTATION OF THE A m- APARTHEI
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Implementah of the Anfi-Apartheid A
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Implementation of the Anti-Aparthei
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Implementatiotl of the Anti-AprfM R
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Implementation ~f the Anti-Aparthei
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Emplementation of the Anti-Aparthei
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Implemenkrtion of the Anti-Aparthei
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ntpiementation of the Anti-Aparthei
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Implementation of the Anti-Aphid Ac
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Imp&- I m p l m h of the An ti-Apar
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Implmtafion of the Anti-AprChejd Ac
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hqlmfatibn of fhe AnfrLAphid Act of
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Imphtafion of the Anki-A+ Ad of 198
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Implan~1Wh of the Anti-Apartheid Ac
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1- of the Anti-ApaW Ad of 1986 4. L
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Implmfrxliotr of fhe Anti-Apartheid
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ImplmtnU of the Anti-Apmiheid Act o
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THE SOUTH AFRICA-ISKAEL ALLIANCE, 1
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The South Af&~-heI Anh8 1986-1988 5
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The South Afrr'ci-Israel Alliance,
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coIlaboration. The total Israeli co
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The South Aftrca-Israel Alliance, 1
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SANCTIONS, DISINVESTMENT, AND US CO
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S m h , Disimtment, and US Corpmnti
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S a m J Disirmestmmt, and US Corpor
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Sancfions, Disimestment, and US Cor
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S m h , Disimtmt, and US Corpmation
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Sanctions, Disim)mwtt, and US Gnpmf
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Sanctions, Disinvesfmnt, and US Cor
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Sutrcfions, Disimiment, and US Gorp
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Sanctions, Disimstment, and US Gqwr
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emoved the immediate pressure on So
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Sanctions, Disinvestment, and US Co
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Su-# Disimbt, nnd US Corpemtiolns r
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92 Sanctioning Apartheid to disinve
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elevance: people were asked directl
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0nehaSwa~thefierp~geandhDstilea~tud
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had suffered psychoIogically). "The
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ment would amount to a dosing d m o
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ut at the same time it is isdemhhg
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Sanctionkg Apartheid military optio
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Sanctioning Apartheid Asikpd: 64; N
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and to feel that it has brought ver
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affechg business confidence in that
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abes have chopped to just over 12%
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17re Impact of New Sanctions agains
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The Impact of New Sanctions againsf
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7Ice Impncf of New Sandions agninsl
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The Impd of Nao Smh'm against South
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The Impact of Neut Sanctions agains
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The Iftff~ct of Nau Sanctions again
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The Impncf of New Sanctions against
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The Inrpf of New Sancriens against
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The Impact of New Sanctions against
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The Imp& of New bctions against Sou
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The Imp3 of Near Sunclions against
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The I mpd of Neut Sandimrs against
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more, as Randall Robin emphaswd, if
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Table 1 Sales of US affiliatd opera
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paid jobs nor landg Forced removals
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Table 2 Major United Statea Expmbj
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Bo- ktho, and Swaziland all depiwld
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manufa- iglports they require from
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154 Sanctioning Aprrfheid Sanctiom
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Scraps of evidence suggest that in
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earned in an hour. Dekdhe work is n
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Sanctioning Apaftheid 3. "rum Up He
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27. Aqglo had prmhdy aq&d a growing
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THE OIL EMBARGO AGAINST' SOUTH AFRI
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The Oil Embargo against South qFica
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The Oil Embargo ugargarmt South A m
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egulations, the oil companies remai
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ite Oil Embnrgo agargarnst South AJ
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The Oil Embargo againsf South Afric
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7?ze Oil Embnsgo ap'ns5 Solrth Afri
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The Oil Embargo against South Afric
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HIGH-TECH SANCTIONS: MORE BARK THAN
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High-Tech Samtiotxs exported by Ame
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High-Tech Smctbns African high-tech
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High-Tech Sanctions 187 Case One: U
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High-Tech Sanctions There are numem
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High-Tech Sancfions the restriction
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High-Tach Sanctions 19. m d o r a i
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Sanctioning Apartheid wages average
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Sanctioning Apmtheid to smuggle its
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Sanctioning Apartheid The ban would
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2 The gold market could well profit
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204 Sanctioning Apartheid The finan
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206 Sanctioning Apartheid are the s
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Sanctioning Apartheid high gold pri
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SANCTIONS AND FINANCING SOUTH AFRIC
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Snncfions and Financing South Afric
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Sanctions and Fim'ng South AAfrr's
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Sanctions and Financing South AFjcn
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SamW and Finnncing South Africu's F
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Sanctiotrs and Financing South Afn'
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Sanctions and Financing South Afrim
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SIIlrntions and FWng South Afn'm's
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Sanctions and Financing South Afrrc
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Sandions mrd Financing South Africa
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Sanetiam and Finam'ng South Africa'
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Sanctias and Financing South Africa
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Samfiom and Financing South Africa'
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Sawlions and Financing South Africa
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SamW and Financing South Afim's For
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Smrdions and Financing South Afica'
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Sanctioning Aprfheid This threat wa
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246 Sanctioning Apartheid and many
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Table 2 1986 Platinum Imports I-*8
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Notes a. Bureau of Mines, Prqnint f
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252 Sanctioning Apartheid on vanadi
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9. ~ u o f ~ , ~ ~ ~ l 9 8 6 B u n
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the w d cmmunity. How the Frontline
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258 Sanctioning Apartheid and gener
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260 Sanctioning Apartheid The optim
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262 Sanctioning Apartheid Contingen
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the podbility of a sudden clamre of
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266 Sanctioning Aparfheid launched
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dwkicms percolatd to the public alm
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y diverfing their London Bights thr
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272 Snnching Apartheid humiljating
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his &camfort. Accordingly, on 21 Ju
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276 Sanctioning Apartheid which the
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Sanctioning Apartheid Of immediate
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280 Sanctioning Apartheid &M Botswa
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azmmmity on the question of Namibia
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22, Colin "Ma FrontIine Sbabes get
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Assbme to Fronthe Stafes had been a
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47. TimesI 28 July lWI 7. Following
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Table 1 Zimbabtw Znrnbia Six LundhM
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78. Hanlon, Btggm Ym Neighhum* 75,m
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Given that fact, a primary corn is
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developmgnt of Southern Rhodesia, A
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298 Sanctioning Apmthd involved in
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ed to the integrity of the South Af
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Sanctioning Apartheid creates a nat
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Page 316 and 317: 3[P6 Sancfwning Apartheid flying to
Page 318 and 319: Msnegi wa Dikgang/The Reporter put
Page 320 and 321: 310 Smctiuning Apartheid at least i
Page 322 and 323: 312 Sanctioning Aprrtheid criticism
Page 324 and 325: 314 Sanctioning Aparfheid the South
Page 326 and 327: Sanctioning Apartheid would probabl
Page 328 and 329: Sntlcfioning Apartheid to the anti-
Page 330 and 331: Sanctioning Apartheid 9. See the di
Page 333 and 334: SOUTH AFRICAN SANCTIONS BREAKING IN
Page 335 and 336: south Afrwm Smrctim Ereding in S ou
Page 337 and 338: South Afrimn Sanctions Braking in S
Page 339 and 340: South Afnam Sanctions Braaking in S
Page 341 and 342: South Afncan Sanctions Braking in S
Page 343 and 344: South Afncan Sanctions Braking in S
Page 345 and 346: South African Smictions Breaking in
Page 347 and 348: Soufh African Sanctions Breaking in
Page 349 and 350: SANCTIONS AGAINST SOUTH AFRICA: LES
Page 351 and 352: Sanctias against Soufh Africa: Leso
Page 353 and 354: Sanctions against South Africa: LPs
Page 355 and 356: Sanctions against South Africa: Les
Page 357 and 358: SanctiDns againsf South Africa: Les
Page 359 and 360: Sanctions against South Afn'cn: Les
Page 361 and 362: Sanctions against South Africa: Les
Page 363: Sanctions against South Africa: Les
Page 368 and 369: 358 Sanctioning Apartheid policy ob
Page 370 and 371: Such success gives the lie to South
Page 372 and 373: Sanctioning Apartheid Prime Ministe
Page 374 and 375: -tm ! ts71n2 t t ~ ~ p d I W S ~ 1
Page 376 and 377: 366 Sanctioning Apartheid biggest c
Page 378 and 379: 368 Sanctioning Apartheid and Beia
Page 380 and 381: 370 Sanctioning Apartheid tend to b
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Page 386 and 387: 376 Smtiming Apartheid to attempt t
Page 388 and 389: Sanctioning Rpmfheid 10. The market
Page 391 and 392: TPI[E CLJLTLWiL BOYCOTT OF SOUTH AF
Page 393 and 394: The Cultural Boycott 4 Smith Africa
Page 395 and 396: TSlt Cuftuml Boyco f f of Sou fh Af
Page 397 and 398: The Cultuml Bqm# of Soufh Afrim EIE
Page 399 and 400: The Cultural Boycott of South Afrun
Page 401 and 402: The Cullural Bqywtf of South Aj%a (
Page 403 and 404: The Cultural Boycott of South Afrim
Page 405 and 406: The Cultural Boycuff of South Afric
Page 407 and 408: THE CULTUWiL BOYCOTT OF SOUTH AFRIC
Page 409 and 410: The Cultural Boycott of South Afric
Page 411 and 412: llre Cultufal Bpywff of South AfPia
Page 413 and 414: The Cdlural Bqmtt of South Afrim 1I
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The Culbral Baycoff of South Afriut
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The Cultural Boym# of Soufh A W III
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The Culhrral Boycatf of South Afric
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The CdWl Boycott of South Africn (I
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EDITOR Robert Edgar is hwdate Profe
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John Lind is the amutive director o
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Pe$e's Rights in m Unjust World: fh
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hswiation of Westem Europ an Parlia
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US companiesS 77-79,183 90 Confedem
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smuggling 19648,200, 2D6W SOUXIZ 1W
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Sanctioning Apartheid Letsie, Skl-m
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Olympic Ahways 287 Oman 174 Ontd I8
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oil 16678 ~ t a ] CsGeMViduaE s nam
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uranitlm 178 US d m l@htion 10-1 1
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