PhD thesis - University of Hertfordshire Research Archive

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condition was significantly associated with underestimation of the role of campylobacters in all-cause mortality. This association remained when logistic regression analysis, controlling for ICD coding, season and gender, was applied (Odds Ratio (OR) 2.3; 95%CI 1.1-4.6; P=0.03). In addition, campylobacter-associated all cause mortality was independently more likely to be underestimated in patients aged 80 years and over compared to those under 60 years (OR 3.2; 95%CI 1.1-9.2; P=0.03). 153
Conclusions. Underlying cause mortality statistics underestimate the role of campylobacters by a factor of more than three, and this underestimation is greatest where the patient is either very old or has another known underlying condition. Hence the overall disease burden of Campylobacter infection is greater than current estimates suggest. Nevertheless, campylobacter-associated all-cause mortality is rare in England and Wales in comparison to other common gastrointestinal pathogens, with a case-fatality rate of only 0.02%. Campylobacter-associated all-cause mortality appears to be dependent on age, gender and season. 154
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Population-Based Sentinel Surveilla
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The research carried out by the can
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Dedication. This thesis is dedicate
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7. Results (the published work). ..
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Statement identifying the degree fo
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Paper Reference Page 6 Gillespie IA
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Statement of the candidate’s cont
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Declaration form. I, Iain Andrew Gi
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2. History. In contrast to other co
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The application of veterinary techn
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The incidence of laboratory-confirm
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were elderly or had a pre-existing
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they would for other bacterial gast
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papers (Pearson et al., 1977; Bruce
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Studies were most frequently conduc
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The content of peer-reviewed public
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infection. An approximation of the
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hypotheses a „blank canvas‟ app
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6. Materials and methods. Regional
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presentation and severity, foreign
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together, etc). The results of the
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and improve response during the stu
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The published work. 7.1 Epidemiolog
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community illness was more common a
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north west England and in Yorkshire
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community was no different from oth
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provide useful insights into the ep
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Cases in case-control studies of la
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8. Discussion. The research carried
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The sentinel health authorities wer
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fundamentally flawed. Since the app
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control studies. The potential role
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Campylobacter spp. from cattle farm
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Cameron, S., Ried, K., Worsley, A.,
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Doyle, L. P. 1948, "The etiology of
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other industrialised countries," in
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Hanel, C. M. & Atanassova, V. 2007,
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Hudson, S. J., Lightfoot, N. F., Co
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Kessel, A. S., Gillespie, I., O'Bri
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costs-of-illness, Rijksinstituut vo
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Department of Health and Human Serv
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Potter, R. C., Kaneene, J. B., & Ha
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Siemer, B. L., Harrington, C. S., N
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Sopwith, W., Birtles, A., Matthews,
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Campylobacter infection: a general
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The published work 90
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PhD thesis - University of Hertfordshire Research Archive

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