Protocols for Secure Communication in Wireless Sensor Networks

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214 Chapter 6. Integrity-Preserving Communications DNS and store an additional record that provides, for each address domain, the URL of a site that contains the message fingerprints. Thereby, domain owners are free to administer their own servers. 6.8 Related Work To our knowledge, interleaved authentication schemes have been independently conceived independently from our work [180, 181, 182] by several authors [71, 206]. The first record is by Goodrich [71], which has been extended later [72]. In his scheme, for each node x, there is a key k(x) that is shared among all nodes in the neighbourhood of x, excluding x itself. A node adjacent to x uses k(x) to add an authentication code to a message before it sends it to x. When x passes the message (including the authentication code) on to another one of its neighbours, the receiver can verify that x has not modified the message. The difference to Canvas is the use of a single key shared by all neighbours to protect against the possible compromise of a node (x). In this approach, x can forward a message according to local requirements. It is not required that the sender of a message knows the path further down of x. Canvas requires this knowledge and thus implies additional communication. Goodrich applies the technique to securing the set-up of routing tables. The second independent record is by Zhu et al. [206], who proposed interleaved authentication for integrity checking of messages that are passed along a path from sensor nodes towards a base station. Similar to our work, they extended the scheme for interleavings of more than two hops, which allows for protection against colluding nodes on the path. Their main application of the technique is filtering compromised messages before they actually reach a sink. 6.9 Summary In this chapter we have presented a family of protocols for communication integrity protection. The protocols are especially suitable for the use in wireless sensor networks as they do not rely on extensive end-to-end security relationships. Instead, local security relationships between k-hop neighbours (with a small k) and interleavings of authentication paths provide a security level that approximates that of end-to-end security schemes. The security level can be further improved by introducing a small number of long-range security relationships. We have shown the security performance of these protocols through
6.9. Summary 215 simulations and by comparison with conventional hop-to-hop and end-to-end schemes.
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Diss. ETH Nr. 18174 Protocols for S
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ii often ad hoc and transient natur
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iv Dieses Ziel kann durch kryptogra
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Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Backg
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Contents ix 3.3.1 Basic Assumptions
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Contents xi 6.3 Performance Evaluat
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Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Backgrou
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1.3. Contributions 3 on the other h
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1.4. Thesis Outline 5 • Mario Str
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Chapter 2 Wireless Sensor Networks
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2.1. Applications of Wireless Senso
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2.1. Applications of Wireless Senso
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2.2. Sensor Node Characteristics 13
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2.3. Related Network Types 21 zero,
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2.3. Related Network Types 23 • P
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2.3. Related Network Types 25 PAN,
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2.4. Related Device Types 27 in con
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2.4. Related Device Types 29 ports
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2.5. Sensor Network Models 31 both
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2.5. Sensor Network Models 33 are a
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2.6. Simulation of Sensor Networks
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2.7. Security Requirements 41 terac
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2.7. Security Requirements 43 netwo
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2.7. Security Requirements 45 acces
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2.7. Security Requirements 47 2.7.6
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2.7. Security Requirements 49 of te
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2.8. Cryptography for Sensor Networ
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2.9. Existing Approaches to Wireles
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Chapter 3 A Security Model for Wire
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3.1. Attack Paths 67 field (cf. [17
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3.1. Attack Paths 69 modules [63].
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3.1. Attack Paths 71 closed environ
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3.2. Attack Objectives 73 • Timel
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3.2. Attack Objectives 75 Critical
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3.2. Attack Objectives 77 Actors A
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3.3. Adversary Characteristics 79 a
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3.3. Adversary Characteristics 81 c
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3.3. Adversary Characteristics 83 p
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3.4. The Cost of End-to-End Securit
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3.4. The Cost of End-to-End Securit
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3.5. Approximating End-to-End Secur
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3.7. Summary 95 Location-constraine
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Chapter 4 Key Establishment Shared
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4.2. Random Key Pre-Distribution 99
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4.3. Key Agreement Based on Hash Ch
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4.4. Multiple Hash Chains for Key A
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4.4. Multiple Hash Chains for Key A
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4.5. Strengthening Random Key Pre-D
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4.6. Related Work 123 pc = 0.33 Du-
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4.6. Related Work 125 Probability o
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4.7. Summary 127 The security of th
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Chapter 5 Multipath Communication T
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5.1. Principles of Multipath Commun
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5.2. Routing on Spanning Trees 133
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5.3. Properties of Tree Paths 141 b
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5.3. Properties of Tree Paths 143 a
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5.3. Properties of Tree Paths 145 n
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5.3. Properties of Tree Paths 147 F
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5.3. Properties of Tree Paths 149 D
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5.4. Security Evaluation 151 compro
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5.5. Related Work 153 width usage a
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5.5. Related Work 155 separation. F
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Chapter 6 Integrity-Preserving Comm
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6.1. Authentication and Integrity P
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6.2. Basic Interleaved Authenticati
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Page 197 and 198: 6.4. Security Evaluation 183 Number
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Page 201 and 202: 6.4. Security Evaluation 187 Paths
Page 203 and 204: 6.4. Security Evaluation 189 ity of
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Page 223 and 224: 6.7. Applications 209 Psi 1 0.8 0.6
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Page 233 and 234: 7.1. Secure Communication in Wirele
Page 235 and 236: 7.2. Future Work 221 7.1.4 Shortcut
Page 237 and 238: Bibliography [1] Specification of t
Page 239 and 240: Bibliography 225 1st European Works
Page 241 and 242: Bibliography 227 [41] Rohan Chitrad
Page 243 and 244: Bibliography 229 [64] L. Eschenauer
Page 245 and 246: Bibliography 231 [85] Yahoo! Inc. D
Page 247 and 248: Bibliography 233 [105] Kristof Van
Page 249 and 250: Bibliography 235 [126] Anne Marie M
Page 251 and 252: Bibliography 237 [150] Sylvia Ratna
Page 253 and 254: Bibliography 239 [172] Thanos Stath
Page 255 and 256: Bibliography 241 [192] Eric W. Weis
Page 257: Curriculum Vitae Harald Vogt Person
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