Groundwater in the Great Lakes Basin

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Groundwater in the Great Lakes Basin A Report to the International Joint Commission from the IJC Great Lakes Science Advisory Board February 2010 The views expressed in this report are those of the individuals and organizations who participated in its compilation. They are not the views of the International Joint Commission. i
Citation: Great Lakes Science Advisory Board to the International Joint Commission (IJC), 2010. Groundwater in the Great Lakes Basin, 2010. IJC, Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within the report or its appendices. ISBN 1-894280-97-0 International Joint Commission Great Lakes Regional Office 100 Ouellette Ave., 8th Floor Windsor, Ontario N9A 6T3 Canada Telephone: (519) 257-6700, (313) 226-2170 World Wide Web: http://www.ijc.org This report is available in English in pdf format at: http://www.ijc.org/en/reports/2010/groundwater-inthe-great-lakes-basin This report, minus the Appendices, is available in French in pdf format at: http://www.ijc.org/fr/ reports/2010/groundwater-in-the-great-lakes-basin ii
Page 1: AReportoftheGreatLakesScienceAdviso
Page 6: Commissioners’ Preface The Great
Page 9 and 10: 2 required to monitor basin groundw
Page 11 and 12: 4 Systems have a 30-year lifespan d
Page 13 and 14: 6 Groundwater quality is routinely
Page 15 and 16: 8 Transmittal Letter Groundwater/An
Page 17 and 18: 10 Acknowledgements, Activities and
Page 19 and 20: APPENDICES Appendices A through L p
Page 21 and 22: INTRODUCTION Groundwater, a major n
Page 23 and 24: 16 DESCRIPTION OF NATURAL SYSTEMS M
Page 25 and 26: that are not substantially affected
Page 27 and 28: Estimates of the Level and Extent o
Page 29 and 30: APPENDIX B Threats to Groundwater Q
Page 31 and 32: 24 PATHOGENS Bacteria, viruses and
Page 33 and 34: Viruses Viral pathogens continue to
Page 35 and 36: SPECIFIC EPISODES Walkerton In 2000
Page 37 and 38: 30 season. The sampling sites inclu
Page 39 and 40: 32 Curriero, F.C., Patz, J.A., Rose
Page 41 and 42: Infection of a suitable host specie
Page 44 and 45: APPENDIX C Threats to Groundwater Q
Page 46 and 47: Road salt has significant toxic eff
Page 48 and 49: converted to nitrite in the human s
Page 50 and 51: Atrazine Atrazine is an extensively
Page 52 and 53:
Wisconsin DNR keeps track of about
Page 54 and 55:
Table 1. Chemical Contaminants in G
Page 56 and 57:
isks for 23 diseases in six contigu
Page 58 and 59:
Figure 1. Number* of waterborne-dis
Page 60 and 61:
Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Wa
Page 62 and 63:
APPENDIX D Threats to Groundwater Q
Page 64 and 65:
Figure 1. Source: General Descripti
Page 66 and 67:
(Gorman and Halvorsen, 2006). Any s
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Table 3. Washtenaw County, Michigan
Page 70 and 71:
that the OWTS would last until it w
Page 72 and 73:
REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Aglie,
Page 74:
Septic Tanks - Septic Tank Articles
Page 77 and 78:
INTRODUCTION Leaking underground st
Page 79 and 80:
sites that were previously closed,
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Table 1. USTs in Great Lakes States
Page 83 and 84:
Estimation of Costs for Remediation
Page 85 and 86:
Table 6. Operational Compliance of
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80 Indiana Government. (2007, Febru
Page 89 and 90:
82 GLOSSARY AST - above ground stor
Page 91 and 92:
INTRODUCTION 84 Hazardous wastes ar
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The town of Kincardine, Ontario, ha
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88 • The monitoring and surveilla
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However, the U.S. EPA has been relu
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92 Johnson, B.L. & DeRosa, C.T. (19
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PAHs - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocar
Page 103 and 104:
INTRODUCTION An abandoned well is d
Page 105 and 106:
Figure 6: Leaking oil well Source:
Page 107 and 108:
CONTAMINANT SOURCES 100 During any
Page 109 and 110:
Nearly 16 million operational water
Page 111 and 112:
• Development of a targeted progr
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106 Michigan Department of Environm
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APPENDIX H Threats to Groundwater Q
Page 117 and 118:
far reaching. Road salt can inhibit
Page 119 and 120:
112 Desalinization Potential water
Page 121 and 122:
Gray, J. (2004, January). Brine Spr
Page 123 and 124:
INTRODUCTION 116 In 2003 there were
Page 125 and 126:
118 feed has increased to upwards o
Page 127 and 128:
References and Bibliography 120 Arn
Page 129 and 130:
APPENDIX J Threats to Groundwater Q
Page 131 and 132:
for recreational purposes and destr
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126 errors (human or mechanical), p
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Apparent Losses Old meters are like
Page 137 and 138:
Figure 6. Examples of Windsor, Onta
Page 139 and 140:
REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 132 Ada
Page 141 and 142:
134 Levy, S. (2004, November 16). T
Page 143 and 144:
APPENDIX K The Châteauguay Transbo
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138 the clay sediments of the St. L
Page 147 and 148:
REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Bureau
Page 149 and 150:
INTRODUCTION 142 Groundwater law ac
Page 151 and 152:
144 • Water withdrawn be returned
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146 found to be failing. Now, with
Page 155 and 156:
Part 373: Third Stage Treatment Lag
Page 157 and 158:
150 Chapter 1501:15 Soil and Water
Page 159 and 160:
152 Title 29 - Water Resources Mana
Page 161 and 162:
APPENDIX M List of Acronyms ADHD -
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Groundwater in the Great Lakes Basin

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