Groundwater in the Great Lakes Basin

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REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (2008, December). ATSDR Studies on Chemical Releases in the Great Lakes Region. Retrieved January 27, 2009 from http://www.atsdr.cdc. gov/grtlakes/aocreport/2008.html. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (2002, September). Public Health Statement for Aldrin/Dieldrin. Retrieved August 17, 2007 from http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/phs1. html. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (1995a). Mirex and Chlordecone. Retrieved August 17, 2007 from http://www. atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/phs66.html. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (1995b). Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Retrieved August 17, 2007 from http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/phs69.html. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (1995c). Chlordane. Retrieved August 17, 2007 from http://www.atsdr.cdc. gov/tfacts31.html. Battelle. (2003) Demonstration of Stream Injection/Extraction Treatment of a DNAPL Source Zone at Launch Complex 34 in Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. Final Innovative Technology Evaluation Report. Prepared for the Interagency DNAPL Consortium. Retrieved December 30, 2008 from http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/ 540r08005/540r08005aappf.pdf. Becker, M. (2006, June 13-14). Ground-Water Contamination of the Niagara Frontier. The State of Groundwater in the Great Lakes Basin Conference, Syracuse, New York. Berry, M. & Bowe, F. (1997). Birth weight reduction associated with residence near a hazardous waste landfill. Environmental Health Perspectives, 105(8), 856-861. Besecker, A. (2008). County’s nastiest sites harbor few prospects. The Buffalo News. Besecker, A. (2007). Spitzer vetoes hazardous waste limits. The Buffalo News. Burman, J. (2007). Critics blast new idea to seal nuclear waste. The Hamilton Spectator. 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GREAT LAKES: Great Legacy?, The Conservation Foundation and the Institute for Research on Public Policy, Waldorf, Maryland, Harper Graphics. Crittenden, G. (1997, December/January). Toxic Niagara after 20 years, Niagara’s leaking hazardous waste sites are still not cleaned up (and never will be). Hazardous Materials Management, 8-20. Croen, L.A., Shaw, G.M., Sanbonmatsu, L., Selvin, S., & Buffler, P.A. (1997). Maternal residential proximity to hazardous waste sites and risk for selected congenital malformations. Epidemology, 8(4), 347-354. Despite toxic history residents return to Love Canal. (1998, August 7). CNN.com. Retrieved August 10, 2007 from http://www. cnn.com/US/9808/07/love.canal/. Elder, V.A., Proctor , B.L., & Hites, R.A. (1981). Organic compounds found near dump sites in Niagara Falls, New York. Environmental Science and Technology, 15, 1237-1243. Environment Canada. (2003, March). Toxics and Pollution Prevention. 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Greektown mogul buys waste site – Sale of facility to businessman who has no experience running operation worries Romulus. (2007). Detroit Free Press. Hazardous waste plan needed, Ontario agency told. (2006). CBC News. Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.cbc.ca/canada/ ottawa/story/2006/12/12/toxic.html. International Joint Commission. (2003). 2001-2003 Priorities and Progress under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. Windsor, Ontario. International Joint Commission. (2001, September). 1999-2001 Priorities and Progress under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. Windsor, Ontario, 67-68. International Joint Commission. (1993). Groundwater Contamination in the Great Lakes Basin. A summary report by Commission staff, Windsor, Ontario. International Joint Commission. (1992, July). Distribution of Hazardous Waste Sites in the Great Lakes Basin, prepared by Steve Perry. Windsor, Ontario. Map. International Joint Commission. (1981, January). Special Report under the 1978 Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement on Pollution in the Niagara River. Windsor, Ontario. 91
92 Johnson, B.L. & DeRosa, C.T. (1997). The toxicologic hazard of superfund hazardous waste sites. Review of Environmental Health, 12(4), 235-251. Lisk, Ian. (1995, February). Niagara Falls: Freedom After Thirteen Years of Hard Labor. Retrieved December 8, 2008 from http:// www.roadsbridges.com/Niagara-Falls-Freedom-After-Thirteen- Years-of-Hard-Labor-article192. Martini, I.P. & Bowlby, J.R. (1991). Geology of the Lake Ontario basin, a review and outlook. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 48(8), 1503-1516. Ministry of the Environment. (2007). Guide to Eating Ontario Sport Fish 2007-2008 edition. Retrieved July 30, 2008 from http://www. ene.gov.on.ca/envision/guide/. Mittelstaedt, M. (2008). New hazardous waste plan recommended for Ontario. The Globe and Mail. Morton, E.S. & Miller, P. (1992). Estimation of RCRA TSD and Superfund Site Constituent Loadings to Lake Michigan. PRC Environmental Management Inc. Natural Resource Council on Environmental Epidemiology. (1991). Environmental Epidemiology. Vol. 1 – Public Health and Hazardous Wastes. Washington, D.C., National Academy of Sciences Press. Niagara River Secretariat, The. (2007, October). Niagara River Toxics Management Plan (NRTMP) Progress Report and Work Plan. Niagara River Toxics Committee, The. (1984, October). Report of the Niagara River Toxics Committee Summary and Recommendations. Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Waste Management Branch. (1990). Ontario Inventory of Land Disposal Sites, Database. Ontario Power Generation. (2008). The Deep Geologic Repository. Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.opg. com/power/nuclear/waste/dgr/. Philbert, F. (1991). The Niagara River: A water quality management overview. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 17, 157-166. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). (1992). RCRA data. Richman, L.A. (2006, June). Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of Environment. The State of Groundwater in the Great Lakes Basin. Syracuse, New York. Richman, Lisa A. (2006, August). Niagara River Mussel Biomonitoring Program, 2003. Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Sapien, J. (2007a). Human Exposure ‘Uncontrolled’ at 114 Superfund Sites. Center for Public Integrity. Washington, DC. Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.publicintegrity.org/Superfund/report. aspx?aid=870. Sapien, J. (2007b). Contaminated, But Still Not Off-Limits. Center for Public Integrity. Washington, DC. Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.publicintegrity.org/superfund/report.aspx?aid=857. Sapien, J. & Knott, A. (2007). Superfund’s Shell Game – As Owners Change, Companies’ Environmental Liabilities Sometimes Get Lost in the Shuffle. Center for Public Integrity. Washington, DC. Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.publicintegrity.org/superfund/ report.aspx?aid=854. Sergeant, D.B., Munawar, M., Hodson, P.V., Bennie, D.T., & Huestis, S.Y. (1993). Mirex in the North American Great Lakes: New detections and their confirmation. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 19(1), 145-147. Shaw, E. (2007). Underground danger spreads as funds dry up. The Flint Journal. Sierra Club. (2004, February). The Truth about Toxic Waste Cleanups – How EPA is Misleading the Public About the Superfund Program. Thomas, R.L., Gannon, J.E., Hartig, J., Williams, D.J., & Whittle, D.M. (1988). Contaminants in Lake Ontario – A case study. In: Toxic Contamination in Large Lakes. Volume III: Sources, Fate and Controls of Toxic Contamination. Proceedings of a technical session of the World Conference on Large Lakes. Mackinac Island, Michigan, May 18-21, 1986. N.W. Schmidtke (ed.). Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, Michigan, 327-387. United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2008a, December). Enforcement & Compliance History Online (ECHO). Retrieved December 11, 2008 from http://www.epa-echo.gov/cgibin/ideaotis.cgi. 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AReportoftheGreatLakesScienceAdviso
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Citation: Great Lakes Science Advis
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Commissioners’ Preface The Great
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2 required to monitor basin groundw
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4 Systems have a 30-year lifespan d
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6 Groundwater quality is routinely
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8 Transmittal Letter Groundwater/An
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10 Acknowledgements, Activities and
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APPENDICES Appendices A through L p
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INTRODUCTION Groundwater, a major n
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16 DESCRIPTION OF NATURAL SYSTEMS M
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that are not substantially affected
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Estimates of the Level and Extent o
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APPENDIX B Threats to Groundwater Q
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24 PATHOGENS Bacteria, viruses and
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Viruses Viral pathogens continue to
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SPECIFIC EPISODES Walkerton In 2000
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30 season. The sampling sites inclu
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32 Curriero, F.C., Patz, J.A., Rose
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Infection of a suitable host specie
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APPENDIX C Threats to Groundwater Q
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Road salt has significant toxic eff
Page 48 and 49: converted to nitrite in the human s
Page 50 and 51: Atrazine Atrazine is an extensively
Page 52 and 53: Wisconsin DNR keeps track of about
Page 54 and 55: Table 1. Chemical Contaminants in G
Page 56 and 57: isks for 23 diseases in six contigu
Page 58 and 59: Figure 1. Number* of waterborne-dis
Page 60 and 61: Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Wa
Page 62 and 63: APPENDIX D Threats to Groundwater Q
Page 64 and 65: Figure 1. Source: General Descripti
Page 66 and 67: (Gorman and Halvorsen, 2006). Any s
Page 68 and 69: Table 3. Washtenaw County, Michigan
Page 70 and 71: that the OWTS would last until it w
Page 72 and 73: REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Aglie,
Page 74: Septic Tanks - Septic Tank Articles
Page 77 and 78: INTRODUCTION Leaking underground st
Page 79 and 80: sites that were previously closed,
Page 81 and 82: Table 1. USTs in Great Lakes States
Page 83 and 84: Estimation of Costs for Remediation
Page 85 and 86: Table 6. Operational Compliance of
Page 87 and 88: 80 Indiana Government. (2007, Febru
Page 89 and 90: 82 GLOSSARY AST - above ground stor
Page 91 and 92: INTRODUCTION 84 Hazardous wastes ar
Page 93 and 94: The town of Kincardine, Ontario, ha
Page 95 and 96: 88 • The monitoring and surveilla
Page 97: However, the U.S. EPA has been relu
Page 101 and 102: PAHs - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocar
Page 103 and 104: INTRODUCTION An abandoned well is d
Page 105 and 106: Figure 6: Leaking oil well Source:
Page 107 and 108: CONTAMINANT SOURCES 100 During any
Page 109 and 110: Nearly 16 million operational water
Page 111 and 112: • Development of a targeted progr
Page 113 and 114: 106 Michigan Department of Environm
Page 115 and 116: APPENDIX H Threats to Groundwater Q
Page 117 and 118: far reaching. Road salt can inhibit
Page 119 and 120: 112 Desalinization Potential water
Page 121 and 122: Gray, J. (2004, January). Brine Spr
Page 123 and 124: INTRODUCTION 116 In 2003 there were
Page 125 and 126: 118 feed has increased to upwards o
Page 127 and 128: References and Bibliography 120 Arn
Page 129 and 130: APPENDIX J Threats to Groundwater Q
Page 131 and 132: for recreational purposes and destr
Page 133 and 134: 126 errors (human or mechanical), p
Page 135 and 136: Apparent Losses Old meters are like
Page 137 and 138: Figure 6. Examples of Windsor, Onta
Page 139 and 140: REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 132 Ada
Page 141 and 142: 134 Levy, S. (2004, November 16). T
Page 143 and 144: APPENDIX K The Châteauguay Transbo
Page 145 and 146: 138 the clay sediments of the St. L
Page 147 and 148: REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Bureau
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INTRODUCTION 142 Groundwater law ac
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144 • Water withdrawn be returned
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146 found to be failing. Now, with
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Part 373: Third Stage Treatment Lag
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150 Chapter 1501:15 Soil and Water
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152 Title 29 - Water Resources Mana
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APPENDIX M List of Acronyms ADHD -
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Groundwater in the Great Lakes Basin

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