RESEARCH· ·1970·

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OLDALE AND UCHUPI B173 Hosldns, Hartley, and Knott, S. T., 1961, Geophysical investigation of Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts, using the continuous seismic profiler: .Tour. Geology, v. 69, no. 3, p. 330-340. Knott, S. T., and Hoskins, Hartley, 1968, Evidence of Pleistocene events in the structure of the continental shelf off the northeastern United States: Marine Geology, v. 6, p. 5-43. Koteff, Carl, nnd Cotton, J. E., 1962, Preliminary results of recent deep drilling on Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Science, v. 1.37, no. 3523, p. 34. McMaster, R. T.J., T.Jachance, T. P., and Garrison, L. E., 1968, Seismic-reflection studies in Block Island and Rhode Island Sounds: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., v. 52, no. 3, p. 405-474. Oldale, R. N., 1969, Seismic investigations on Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket, Massachusetts, and a topogrnphic mnp of the basement surface from Cape Cod Bny to the islands, 'ln Geological Survey Research, 1969: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 650-B, p. B122-B127. Oldale, R. N., and Tuttle, C. R., 1964, Seismic investigations on Cape Cod, Mnssachusett~: Art. 145 in U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 475-D, p. D118-D122. --- 19(15, Seisrnic investigations in the Harwich and Dennis quadrangles, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 'in Geological Survey Research 1965: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 525-D, p. Dl01-D105. Schlee, .Tohn, nnd Cheetham, A. H., 1967, Rocks on Eocene age on l!"'ippennies Le
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 DETERMINATION OF COBALT IN GEOLOGIC MATERIALS BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY By WAYNE MOUNTJOY, Denver, Colo. Abstract.-Cobalt content in geologic materials can be accurately and rapidly determined by use of a new solvent extraction-atomic absorption analytical method. In this method the cobalt is concentrated and separated from interfering elements by extracting the 2-nitroso-1-naphthol chelate of cobalt into methyl isobutyl ketone. A lower limit of 2 ppm in a 1-g sample is readily attained. Analyses of seven reference samples confirmed the accuracy of the method. In the atomic absorption determination of cobalt in aqueous solutions, significant interferences from Ca, Mg, Na, K and Fe have been noted in an air-propane flame (Angino and Billings, 1967). In addition, the sensitivity of that method is inadequate for the determination of cobalt in many geologic materials without preconcentration. Extraction of an element into an organic solvent is often used in atomic absorption work to separate interfering elements, to concentrate the element, and to enhance the sensitivity of the determination (Allan, 1961). Mansell and Emmel ( 1965) extracted the ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate chelates of Co, Cr, V, Mo, Mn, and Ni from brine into chloroform or methyl isobutyl ketone prior to their determination by atomic absorption. This method is not applicable to many types of rocks because iron is also extracted with the cobalt and it interferes with the determination of cobalt content. This paper presents a solvent extraction-atomic absorption method for the determination of cobalt in the parts-per-million range in rocks. Interferences, such as iron and calcium, are removed by a modification of a method described by Sandell ( 1959) in which the 2-nitroso-1-naphthol complex of cobalt is extracted into chloroform prior to its colorimetric determination. His method has been modified for atomic absorption and simplified by substituting the lighter-thanwater solvent MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) for chloroform~ Experiments using Co 60 tracer show that approximately 98 percent of the cobalt complex is extracted with a single extraction using 10 ml of MIBK. The cobalt content of seven U.S: Geological Survey reference samples, ranging in concentration from 5 to 140 ppm, has been determined and compared with results obtained in other laboratories. The results are in good agreement. Reagents EXPE.RIMENTAL METHOD Standard cobalt solutions.-Transfer 0.5000 g of pure cobalt metal to a liter volumetric flask. Add 25 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and heat gently to dissolve. Cool and dilute to volume with water. This stock solution contains 500 pg/ml (micrograms per milliliter) Co. Dilute 10 ml of this stock solution to 500 ml with 2.5 percent v/v hydrochloric acid (1 ml=10 pg Co). Sodium citrate solution.-40 percent w /v in water. ~-nitroso-1-naphthol.-Dissolve 2 g of 2-nitroso-1- naphthol in 100 ml of glacial acetic acid, add 0.5 g of activated carbon, shake, and allow to settle before using. This solution is stable for at least 6 months. Instrument parameters and settings A Perkin-Elmer Model 303 atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used with the following operating conditions : Wavelength___________________ 2407 A. Slit__________________________ 0.3 mm. Hollow cathode current_ ______ _ 16 rna. Acetylene flow setting _________ _ 3.5. Airflow setting _______________ _ 5.0. Burner ______________________ _ Standard head. Scale expansion ______________ _ 2, or as needed. Flame _______________________ _ Oxidizing. B174 U.S. GEOL. SURVEY PROF. PAPER 706-B, PAGES B174-B176
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CONTENTS GEOLOGIC STUDIES Petrology
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 Geo
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B2 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY for bi
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B4 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY has be
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B6 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY. 32
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B8 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY TABLE
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BlO · PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY EX
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GE,OLOGICAL SURVEY RESEA·RCH 1970
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B16 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY Sprin
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B20 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY Sigva
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B22 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY EXPLA
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B24 PE~ROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY schis
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B28 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY sg•
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B30 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY Detri
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B32 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY place
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B34 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY 66 '
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B36 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY Post-
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B40 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY did n
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B42 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY Creta
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td :t 106'20' r--- 10' 106'00' 38'3
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B46 STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY FIGURE 4.-Vi
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B48 STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY FIGURE 6.-An
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B50 STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY clined slide
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GE,OLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 CA
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B54 GEOPHYSICS (1950), Domzalski (1
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B56 GEOPHYSICS STRATIGRAPHY AND LIT
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B58 GEOPHYSICS STRATIGRAPHY AND LIT
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B60 GEOPHYSICS value. A normal free
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B62 GEOPHYSICS Hammer, Sigmund, 193
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B64 110°45' GEOPHYSICS L I I \ "'\
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GE·OLOGICAL SURVEY RESEA·RCH 1970
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B68 GEOPHYSICS A' San 0 p A c I F I
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B70 GEOPHYSICS lies occur over rela
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B72 GEOPHYSICS 36° 00' A' 40___./
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B74 GEOPHYSICS igneous massif is co
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B76 GEOPHYSICS A 50 Bouguer gravity
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GE·OLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 R
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B80 GEOPHYSICS FIGURE 1.-Bouguell'
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B82 GEOPHYSICS J I 37·~~------~~--
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B84 GEOPHYSICS B 600 B' 500 400 (/)
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GE,OLOGICAL SURVEY RESEA·RCH 1970
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EXPLANATION Pikes Peak • batholit
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DISTRIBUTION OF URANIUM IN URANIUM-
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B92 GEOCHRONOLOGY Fleischer, R. L.,
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B94 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY 103° 35' w 1/
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'B96 ECONOMIC ·GEOLOGY 0 500 FEET
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B98 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY TABLE !.-Summa
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BlOO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY surface seems
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GE 1 0LOGICAL SURVEY RESEA·RCH 197
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B104 EJrucJh of the four samples wa
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B106 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY R. 56 E. R. 5
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B108 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY outcrop under
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BllO Brady, of the Museum of Northe
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Bll2 PALEONTOLOGY FIGURE 1.-ProtobZ
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B114 PALEONTOLOGY c .,;# I I ' ' lO
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B116 PALEONTOLOGY ments, the larges
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GErOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEA·RCH 1970
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B120 L xMH 'xE soo~~B_R~I __ T_I __
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Page 131 and 132: Bl26 PALEONTOLOGY TABLE 2.-Ranges o
Page 133 and 134: B128 PALEONTOLOGY l
Page 135 and 136: BI30 PALEONTOLOGY Ocmt/rrence.-P. m
Page 137 and 138: Bl32 PALEONTOLOGY proximately 5.7 m
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Page 141 and 142: Bl36 PALEONTOLOGY --- 1963. The ori
Page 143 and 144: B138 PALEONTOLOGY core are m1ssmg,
Page 145 and 146: B140 PALEONTOLOGY death assemblage:
Page 147 and 148: Bl42 STRATIGRAPHY EXPLANATION l:.\.
Page 149 and 150: B144 STRATIGRAPHY ver. We do not in
Page 151 and 152: B146 STRATIGRAPHY age. A stratigrap
Page 153 and 154: B148 5 10 15 20 X X Plntygonus Pla.
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Page 157 and 158: B152 STRATIGRAPHY at a depth of 58
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Page 161 and 162: B156 STRATIGRAPHY REFERENCES Brown,
Page 163 and 164: B158 STRATIGRAPHY In what follows,
Page 165 and 166: Bi60 STRATIGRAPHY TABLE !.-Stratigr
Page 167 and 168: B162 SEDIMENTATION with increasing
Page 169 and 170: llj ...... ~ TABLE 2.-Specific grav
Page 171 and 172: B166 TABLE 3.-Settling time for a 1
Page 173 and 174: Bl68 GEOMORPHOLOGY 74° 44° YERMON
Page 175 and 176: B170 GEOMORPHOLOGY have also been r
Page 177: B172 GEOMORPHOLOGY end of Long Isla
Page 181 and 182: ~ooo ______________ B176 ANALYTICAL
Page 183 and 184: B178 terranes where the search for
Page 185 and 186: B180 Reproducibility Replicate anal
Page 187 and 188: B182 ANALYTICAL METHODS in the aque
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Page 191 and 192: B186 ANALYTICAL METHODS 3.31 percen
Page 193 and 194: Bl88 ANALYTICAL METHODS 3" 2%" Oute
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Page 197 and 198: B192 GROUND-WATER RECHARGE I T I 14
Page 199 and 200: B194 GROUND-WATER RECHARGE Therefor
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Page 203 and 204: B198 GROUND-WATER RECHARGE the basi
Page 205 and 206: B200 GROUND-WATER RECHARGE t \ \)
Page 207 and 208: B202 GROUND-WATER RECHARGE Water is
Page 209 and 210: B204 GROUND-WATER CONTAMINATION rv
Page 211 and 212: B206 GROUND-WATER CONTAMINATION TAB
Page 213 and 214: B208. GROUND-WATER CONTAMINATION fa
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Page 217 and 218: B212 SURFACE WATER plotted, and the
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Page 221 and 222: B216 SURFACE WATER however, if the
Page 223 and 224: B218 SURFACE WATER TABLE 4.-Variati
Page 225 and 226: B220 RELATION· BETWEEN GROUND eral
Page 227 and 228: B222 -0.010 f -0.005 (i) RELATION B
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 THE
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'B226 RELATION BETWEEN GROUND WATER
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B228 RELATION, BETWEEN GROUND WATER
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B230 RELATION BETWEEN GROUND WATER
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 HYD
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B234 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION side
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B236 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION s·o
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B238 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION Cont
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B240 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION 2 3
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 SPE
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B244 GEOCHEMISTRY OF WATER REFERENC
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B246 HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES The upla
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B248 HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES type in
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 ,,.
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B252 formula may also be useful in
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GEO'LOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 CO
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B256 randomly fluctuating component
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B258 HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES 1.0 ~ Qj
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~ B260 HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES 1-3, f
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I B262 HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES REFERE
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,' B264 Page Gravitational sliding,
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., / )
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