RESEARCH· ·1970·

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.... studied to determine the mineralogical variations within a restricted area. Individual samples and mineral assemblages as determined by Sainsbury are listed below: Field. No. SAINSBURY, OOLEMAN, AND KACHADOORIAN Description 68-A'Sn-566_________ Garnet-white mica-chlorite-sphenecalcite-quartz-blue-green amphiboleepidote-pyrite. 68-ASn-566B-------· Qua·rtz-white mica-garnet-epidotesphene-minor blue-green amphiboleapatite. 68-ASn-5660-------· Quartz-albite-white mica-garnetcalcite-sphene-epidote-apatite. 68-ASn-5660_______ Quartz-albite-white mica-chloritegarnet. 68-ASn-566E-------· Calcite-white mien-quartz-epidotesphene-garnet in calcite-rich layer; and quartz-calcite-white micasphene-chlorite-apatite-pynhotite in quartz-rich part. 68-A·Sn-5661!"-------· Quartz-albite-white mica-chloritegar.net-mngnetite-biO'tite-npatitebi
B42 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY Cretaceous, roc~s of the entire Seward Peninsula were involved in intensive thrust faulting, which juxtaposed Precambrian schists and clastic rocks against Paleozoic carbonate rocks. This juxtaposition le4 to the puzzling age relations that baffled early workers and led them to conclude that the Nome Group rocks were of Precambrian and Paleozoic age. After the thrusting, granitic rocks were emplaced and formed isolated stocks. on the western Seward Peninsula and large batholiths on the eastern Seward Peninsula. The heating associated with the intrusion of granitic rocks probably accounts for the great increase in the metamorphosis of the Paleozoic carbonate of the thrust sheets from west to east. The west-to-east increase in the size of the intrusives-and, concomitantly, in the amount of heat introduced-probably caused the corresponding great increase in the metamorphism of the Paleozoic caJ:'Ibonates of the rthrust sheets. The blueschist rocks are confined ·to units older than gabbros of latest Precambrian age. Glaucophane-bearing rocks occur near retrograde blueschist rocks because of tectonic transport by tJhru1sting ~and iby local factors, such as hydrothermal alteration, nearness to younger granites, and proximity to thrust faults. The metamorphic. fabric of the blueschist rocks clearly shows two periods of deformation, the second of which probably corresponds to the thrust cycle. Blueschist facies rocks often occur in polymetamorphic terranes (Zwart, 1967) or are juxtaposed against lower grade rocks (Coleman, 1967) in a way that leads to enigmatic geologic situations, and the blueschists of the Seward Peninsula conform to that general pattern. However, it should be emphasized that the Seward Peninsula is not part of the circum-Pacific tectonic belt which contains the well-studied blueschist rocks of late Mesozoic age, but rather represents a well-preserved area of Precambrian blueschist rocks. This preliminary report. records the results of studies made as a very minor part of a regional rna pping program, .amd important rel~ions may be glossed over. The blueschist-facies terrane here discussed offers geologic conditions, such as intense thrusting and later progressive meJtamorpihism, which are not everywhere found. It i1s hoped that this repqrt will lead to detailed studies ·by . geologists and mineralogists interested in the formation and destruction of blueschist-facies rocks. REFERENCES Brooks, A. H., assisted by Richardson, 0: B., and Collier, A. J.; 1901, A reconnaissance of the Cape Nome and adjacent 'gold fields of Seward Peninsula, Alaska, in 1900, p. 1-18!) in Reconnaissances in the Cape Nome and Norton Bay regions, Alaska, in 1900: U.S. Geol. Survey Spec. Pub., 222 p. Coleman, R. G., 1967, Glaucophane schists from California and New Caledonia, in Age and nature of the circum-Pacific: Tectonophysics, v. 4, no. 4-6, spec. issue, p. 479-498. Coleman, R. G., and Lee, D. E., 1963, Glaucophane-bearing meta. morphic rock types oi; the Cazadero area, California : Jour. Petrology, v. 4, no. 2, p. 260-301. Collier, A. J., 1902, A reconnaissance of the northwestern portion of Seward Peninsula, Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 2, 70 p. Dutro, J. T., Jr., and Payne, T. G., 1957, Geologic map of Alaslm :·u.s. Geol. Survey. Ernst, W. G., 1963; Petrogenesis of glaucophane schists: Jour. Petrology, v. 4, no. 1, p. 1-30. Essene, E. J., l!...,yfe, W. S., and Turner, F. J., 1965, Petrogenesis of Franciscan glaucophane schists and associated metamorphic rocks, California : Beitr. Mineralogie u. Petrographie, v. 11, no. 7, p. 695-704. Knopf, Adolph, 1908, Geology of the Seward Peninsula tin deposits, Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 358, 71 p. Mendenhall, W. C., 1901, A reconnaissance in the Norton Bay region, Alaska, in 1900, p. 187-218 in Reconnaissances in the Cape Nome and Norton Bay regions, Alaska, in 1900: U.S. Geol. Survey Spec. Pub., 222 p. Miller, D. J., Payne, T. G., and Gryc, George, 1959, Geology of possible petroleum provinces in Alaska, with an Annotated bibliography, by E. H. Cobb: U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1904, ~31 p. Miller, T. P., Patton, W. W., Jr., and Lanphere, M. A., 1966, Preliminary report on a plutonic belt in west-central Alaska, in Geological Survey Research 1966: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 550-D, p. D158-D162. ~1iyashiro, A., 1961, Evolution of metamorphic belts: Jour. Petrology, c. 2, no. 3, p. 277-311. Moffit, F, H., 1913, Geology ·of the Nome and Grand Central quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. ·Geol. Survey Bull. 53S, 140 p. Rabkin, M. I., and Ravich, M. G., 1961, The Precambrian of the Soviet Arctic, p. 18-30 in Raasch, G. 0., ed., Geology of the Arctic, v. 1: Toronto Univ. Press, 732 p. Sainsbury, C. L., 1961, Geology of part of the Craig C-2 quadrangle and adjoining areas, Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1058-H, p. 299-362. --- 1965, Geology and ore deposits of the central Yorlt Mountains, western Seward Peninsula, Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey open-file report, 150 p., and Stanford Univ. Ph.D. thesis. --- 1969a, Geologic map of the Teller _:13-4 and southern part of the Teller C-4 quadrangles, western Seward Peninsula, Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey Misc. Geol. Inv. Map 1-572. --- 1969b, Geology ml.d ore deposits of the central York Mountains, western Seward Peninsula, Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1287, 101 p. [1970] Smith, P. S., 1910, Geology and mineral resources of the Solomon and Casadepage quadrangles, Seward Peninsula, Alaska : U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 433, 234 p. Zwart, H .. J., 1967, The duality of orogenic. belts.:' Geologie en Mijnbouw, v. 46, no. 8, p. 283-309.
Page 1 and 2: . ., GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH·
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS GEOLOGIC STUDIES Petrology
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Page 7 and 8: B2 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY for bi
Page 9 and 10: B4 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY has be
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Page 13 and 14: B8 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY TABLE
Page 15 and 16: BlO · PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY EX
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Page 21 and 22: B16 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY Sprin
Page 25 and 26: B20 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY Sigva
Page 27 and 28: B22 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY EXPLA
Page 29 and 30: B24 PE~ROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY schis
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Page 35 and 36: B30 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY Detri
Page 37 and 38: B32 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY place
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Page 41 and 42: B36 PETROLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY Post-
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Page 49 and 50: td :t 106'20' r--- 10' 106'00' 38'3
Page 51 and 52: B46 STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY FIGURE 4.-Vi
Page 53 and 54: B48 STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY FIGURE 6.-An
Page 55 and 56: B50 STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY clined slide
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Page 59 and 60: B54 GEOPHYSICS (1950), Domzalski (1
Page 61 and 62: B56 GEOPHYSICS STRATIGRAPHY AND LIT
Page 63 and 64: B58 GEOPHYSICS STRATIGRAPHY AND LIT
Page 65 and 66: B60 GEOPHYSICS value. A normal free
Page 67 and 68: B62 GEOPHYSICS Hammer, Sigmund, 193
Page 69 and 70: B64 110°45' GEOPHYSICS L I I \ "'\
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Page 73 and 74: B68 GEOPHYSICS A' San 0 p A c I F I
Page 75 and 76: B70 GEOPHYSICS lies occur over rela
Page 77 and 78: B72 GEOPHYSICS 36° 00' A' 40___./
Page 79 and 80: B74 GEOPHYSICS igneous massif is co
Page 81 and 82: B76 GEOPHYSICS A 50 Bouguer gravity
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Page 85 and 86: B80 GEOPHYSICS FIGURE 1.-Bouguell'
Page 87 and 88: B82 GEOPHYSICS J I 37·~~------~~--
Page 89 and 90: B84 GEOPHYSICS B 600 B' 500 400 (/)
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Page 93 and 94: EXPLANATION Pikes Peak • batholit
Page 95 and 96: DISTRIBUTION OF URANIUM IN URANIUM-
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B92 GEOCHRONOLOGY Fleischer, R. L.,
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B94 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY 103° 35' w 1/
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'B96 ECONOMIC ·GEOLOGY 0 500 FEET
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B98 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY TABLE !.-Summa
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BlOO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY surface seems
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GE 1 0LOGICAL SURVEY RESEA·RCH 197
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B104 EJrucJh of the four samples wa
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B106 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY R. 56 E. R. 5
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B108 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY outcrop under
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BllO Brady, of the Museum of Northe
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Bll2 PALEONTOLOGY FIGURE 1.-ProtobZ
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B114 PALEONTOLOGY c .,;# I I ' ' lO
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B116 PALEONTOLOGY ments, the larges
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GErOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEA·RCH 1970
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B120 L xMH 'xE soo~~B_R~I __ T_I __
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B122 PALEONTOLOGY Tetrataxis sp. Te
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GE~OLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 TR
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Bl26 PALEONTOLOGY TABLE 2.-Ranges o
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B128 PALEONTOLOGY l
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BI30 PALEONTOLOGY Ocmt/rrence.-P. m
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Bl32 PALEONTOLOGY proximately 5.7 m
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Bl34 PALEONTOLOGY a b c d e f g - D
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Bl36 PALEONTOLOGY --- 1963. The ori
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B138 PALEONTOLOGY core are m1ssmg,
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B140 PALEONTOLOGY death assemblage:
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Bl42 STRATIGRAPHY EXPLANATION l:.\.
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B144 STRATIGRAPHY ver. We do not in
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B146 STRATIGRAPHY age. A stratigrap
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B148 5 10 15 20 X X Plntygonus Pla.
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GE~OLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 CL
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B152 STRATIGRAPHY at a depth of 58
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••••• 0 .... ••••
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B156 STRATIGRAPHY REFERENCES Brown,
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B158 STRATIGRAPHY In what follows,
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Bi60 STRATIGRAPHY TABLE !.-Stratigr
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B162 SEDIMENTATION with increasing
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llj ...... ~ TABLE 2.-Specific grav
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B166 TABLE 3.-Settling time for a 1
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Bl68 GEOMORPHOLOGY 74° 44° YERMON
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B170 GEOMORPHOLOGY have also been r
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B172 GEOMORPHOLOGY end of Long Isla
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 DET
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~ooo ______________ B176 ANALYTICAL
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B178 terranes where the search for
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B180 Reproducibility Replicate anal
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B182 ANALYTICAL METHODS in the aque
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 CHE
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B186 ANALYTICAL METHODS 3.31 percen
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Bl88 ANALYTICAL METHODS 3" 2%" Oute
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEA~RCH 1970 TR
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B192 GROUND-WATER RECHARGE I T I 14
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B194 GROUND-WATER RECHARGE Therefor
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 PRE
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B198 GROUND-WATER RECHARGE the basi
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B200 GROUND-WATER RECHARGE t \ \)
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B202 GROUND-WATER RECHARGE Water is
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B204 GROUND-WATER CONTAMINATION rv
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B206 GROUND-WATER CONTAMINATION TAB
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B208. GROUND-WATER CONTAMINATION fa
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 MEA
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B212 SURFACE WATER plotted, and the
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEA·RCH 1970 T
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B216 SURFACE WATER however, if the
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B218 SURFACE WATER TABLE 4.-Variati
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B220 RELATION· BETWEEN GROUND eral
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B222 -0.010 f -0.005 (i) RELATION B
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 THE
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'B226 RELATION BETWEEN GROUND WATER
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B228 RELATION, BETWEEN GROUND WATER
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B230 RELATION BETWEEN GROUND WATER
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 HYD
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B234 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION side
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B236 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION s·o
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B238 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION Cont
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B240 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION 2 3
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 SPE
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B244 GEOCHEMISTRY OF WATER REFERENC
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B246 HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES The upla
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B248 HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES type in
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 ,,.
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B252 formula may also be useful in
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GEO'LOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1970 CO
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B256 randomly fluctuating component
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B258 HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES 1.0 ~ Qj
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~ B260 HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES 1-3, f
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I B262 HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES REFERE
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,' B264 Page Gravitational sliding,
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., / )
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