Draft MTP/SCS Comments Received - sacog

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The Surgeon General recommends that adults engage in moderate-intensity physical activity five times per week for at least 30 minutes each time, or in vigorous-intensity physical activity three times per week for at least 20 minutes each time, in order to achieve adequate levels of physical activity. cxxiv Healthy People 2020 cxxv The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) Healthy People 2020 provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the health of all Americans. By 2020, the following should be achieved: Physical Activity Objective PA-2: Increase the proportion of adults who meet current Federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic physical activity of moderate intensity; Objective PA-13: Increase the proportion of trips made by walking; Objective PA-14: Increase the proportion of trips made by bicycling. 46 Page 82 of 165
METRIC: GENERAL TRANSPORTATION 7. Work and non-work trip mode share (including biking, walking, transit (bus and train), carpooling and SOV) – Both at peak times and all day EVIDENCE BASE Health Impacts Commute travel between the home and the workplace, as well as non-work related trips, is a good indicator of environmental impacts, physical activity, obesity, social cohesion, and mental health. The extent of these impacts depends on transit mode. Vehicle miles traveled are directly proportional to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. xlviii Air pollutants, including ozone and particulate matter, are causal factors for cardiovascular mortality and respiratory disease and other illness. cxxvi Greenhouse gases contribute to climate change, which may increase the following: heat-related illness and death, health effects related to extreme weather events, health effects related to air pollution, water-borne and food-borne diseases, and vector-borne and rodent-borne disease. cxxvii The more time a person spends in a car, the less time a person has to engage in leisure time physical activity. cxxviii Transportation choices impact obesity. Each additional hour spent in a car per day is associated with a 6 percent increase in the likelihood of obesity. Each additional hour walked per day is associated with a 4.8 percent reduction in the likelihood of obesity. cxxix Driving to work is a significant cause of stress for many people, so reduced commuting time could lead to decreased stress levels. cxxx Highway congestion has been associated with elevated blood pressure among car or bus drivers. cxxxi Some studies have looked specifically at “commute impedance,” such as traffic jams, and road construction. Researchers have concluded that traffic impedance is associated with higher blood pressure, more self-reported “tense” and “nervous” feelings, more self-reported colds and flu, and more days at the hospital. cxxxii Long commutes can distance an individual from his/her community and decrease social connectivity. Amount of time spent commuting impacts time for family and social activity. cxxxiii Social connectivity helps manage stress, and is connected with longer lifespan and access to emotional and physical resources. cxxxiv cxxxv Drivers in the Southern California region have especially long work trip travel times. For example, Los Angeles and Riverside were ranked by the U.S. Census as having the fourth and fifth highest percentages of people with “extreme” commutes of longer than 90 minutes per day (5 percent and 3 percent, respectively), cxxxvi and 20 percent of those living in the larger Los Angeles region commute more than 45 minutes each way to work. cxxxvii It is important to note that building or expanding freeways, thereby adding lane miles, has not proven to be a long-term solution to congestion. It can, in fact, exacerbate the problem by inducing travel. cxxxviii cxxxix cxl cxli cxlii The health impacts of biking and walking as modes of transportation are discussed above in Metric #6. Equity impacts The different modes of transportation used to access work, as well as other goods and services, are influenced by a number of factors including cost, distance, accessibility, perceived and actual safety, weather, pedestrian safety, traffic patterns, availability of bicycle lanes, hours of operation, availability of parking, and availability of travel reimbursement or incentives provided by work or to low-income families. cxliii Lower income, transit-dependent households who work in industries that do not have regular 9 to 5 working hours are much more vulnerable to reductions in off-peak transit service. Jobs 47 Page 83 of 165
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Roseville Public Hearing Comments f
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Coalition on Regional Equity MTP/SC
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Sacramento Public Hearing Comments
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Attachment: Specific Comments about
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January 9, 2011 Sacramento Area Cou
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next four years so that the next MT
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We appreciate working with SACOG, i
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We note that the work to develop th
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Policy 9: Greenhouse Gas emission r
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• Modify Strategy 30.4 as follows
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PO Box 1526 • Sacramento, CA •
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This study by the Urban Land Instit
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Further, while SACOG has used the b
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from SHA to SACOG re MTP/SCS 2035 L
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NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENSE COUNCIL J
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Consideration of this information
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Draft MTP/SCS Comments Received - sacog

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