Volume 6, Spring 2008 - Saddleback College

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Fall 2007 Biology 3A Abstracts Ranch, California). The plants were then separated into four groups (each group n=10): red, blue, green, and white light. The light sources consisted of a flashlight covered by colored saran wrap. While the flashlights contained incandescent lighting, which is poor lighting for plant growth (Pratt, Bonner, 2005), it was the only affordable light source. All plants were watered uniformly daily (approximately 150mL) at the same time each day. All plants were in identical pots with a diameter of 13 inches and used the same brand of soil (Miracle Gro Fertilizer). At the conclusion of eleven weeks, the fruiting bodies were examined according to shape, color, size, and quantity. When and what each plant first produced their fruit was recorded and compared against each other in order to find any differences among the groups. Results The colors in which had the most fruiting bodies were not met with the most known effective light in driving photosynthesis; these being violetblue and red (Campbell, 2005). The plants under the following color lights went from most to least number of fruiting bodies: white, green, blue, and red (see Figure 2). White, being the control, had the most fruiting bodies as expected but green theoretically should have had the least number of products produced as green light (550nm) is the wavelength reflected. Although as the green light group produced the most fruit numerically, the quality of the products was lackluster. Blue and red produced fewer fruiting bodies but the quality of the lemons was somewhat better quality. This is far from surprising since blue and red were the light Figure 2. Average height of each group placed under different light sources over an 11 week period. wavelengths most preferred by photosynthesis. A better rate of photosynthesis means more energy (ATP) available for reproduction and in consequence, better quality fruit. The white lit group produced four noteworth fruiting bodies and the overall plant grew 2.1 inches; blue had three fruiting bodies with a net plant growth of 1.7; green grew three as well with a growth of 2 inches; and red had 2 fruits with 1.6 inches of growth. Growth of the plants is shown for each week in Table 1. No significant difference was found between the groups (P>0.05). red green blue white 15.4 16 15.8 16.4 15.6 16.2 16 16.8 15.7 16.3 16.3 17 15.9 16.4 16.4 17.2 16 16.7 16.4 17.5 16.2 16.8 16.7 17.6 16.3 17 16.8 17.8 16.4 17.3 17 18 16.6 17.7 17.2 18.2 16.7 17.9 17.3 18.4 17 18 17.5 18.5 Table 1. Average height (in inches) of the plants in each group over an 11 week period. Discussion As a typical light ray enters the chloroplasts and into the granum of a plant, there is a result in a separation of the spectrum and absorption of all colors but green. The white light of the experiment was no surprise to have created the most (quantitatively) and best (qualitatively) fruit. This is due to the fact that with white light has a greater range of availability of the specific light wavelengths photosynthesis prefers (Yoshida, 2008). When specific colors are only exposed to the plants, it does not have those specific wavelengths and thus creates a lower quality of fruit. The results having green light source producing the most fruiting bodies shows evidence against our hypothesis since green is the actual wavelength of light we hypothesized would create the least amount of fruiting bodies. A possible reason for this occurrence could be that a saran wrap covering a white light may not completely block the wavelengths of lights preferred by photosynthesis. Perhaps the tint level of the differently colored saran wraps was the biggest variable in availability of light from the source. 60 Saddleback Journal of Biology Spring 2008
Fall 2007 Biology 3A Abstracts Literature Cited Campbell, Reece. Biology Seventh Editioin. San Francisco: Pearson Education Inc., 2005. Pratt, H. Bonner, B (2008). Growing light, Plant Light, Artificial Light Plant Sunlight. Horticulture Growing Techniques. http://www.pfolighting.com/Horticulture- Grow-Info.aspx Shipley, Jennifer A. (2005). The Mysteries of Plants and Light: The Effects of Wavelengths of Light on Plant Food Production. 2005 Project Summary. ww.usc.edu/CSSF/History/2005/Projects/J1636.pd f Sunal, Dennis W. Sunlight and Plants. Sample Lesson from The Universtiy of Alabama. 2000 Sample Lesson. astlc.ua.edu/lessonplans/LCPlants.htm Yoshida, T, Anderson, T. (2008). American Journal of Botany: Vol. 13,Biological steps of the effect of light and wave lengths on the growth of plants. No. 10 pp.706-736. 61 Saddleback Journal of Biology Spring 2008
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