Assessment of Conversion Technologies for Bioalcohol Fuel ...

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presentations on its technology to governmental agencies and at various workshops and other forums in California. Future Development Plans–Gentoypes continues to seek funding for further proofof-concept of its technology approach. Proposals containing plans for a concerted next stage of research and development have been submitted to various organizations for funding consideration. Figure A21. Genotypes Technology From atmosphere, from power plant, smoke stacks, and from production systems I and II Andglycolytic production of alcohol should occur at the same time to avoid morebiomass production Genotypes, all rights reserved 112
CATEGORY XI–INTEGRATED BIOREFINERY WITH GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY AND HEAT FROM WASTE MATERIALS Waste-to-Energy, Paso Robles, California Organizational Background–Waste-To-Energy (WTE) is a small California firm with a background in the waste management field. Since 2000, WTE has been engaged in the development of projects in California to produce ethanol from municipal waste materials and from agricultural waste materials. Currently, WTE has strategic partnerships with several other technology development companies and other public and private organizations to develop and apply both thermochemical and biochemical conversion processes for ethanol production from various biomass feedstocks. WTE has identified four proposed projects it is actively pursuing at MSW and agricultural sites in Southern and Central California. As a founding member of the Bioenergy Producers Association, WTE is also a prominent participant in initiatives to revise California’s curent state regulatory requirements to beter facilitate bioenergy conversion projects. Technology Characteristics–WTE’s technology approach is unique in that it seeks to apply different technologies and combinations of technologies that best fit the feedstock source characteristics and other site-specific features of its various planned projects. For some projects and feedstocks, a dilute acid hydrolysis (biochemical) process is intended for application, while a pyrolysis steam reformation and catalytic (thermochemical) system would be applied for other projects, in which cases electricity would also be generated. For example, one planned project would employ pre-sorted MSW waste materials in a pyrolysis steam reformation system, with some of the resulting syngas used to produce ethanol in a catalytic process and the remainder used to generate electricity and/or process heat to serve the facility’s energy requirements and/or to export. Another planned project, using agricultural wastes, would employ a two-stage dilute acid hydrolysis process to produce ethanol along with lignin for boiler fuel and other potential byproducts such as yeast, gypsum and furfural for the plastics market. Integrated biochemical/thermochemical systems are also included among the various technology designs under development by WTE and its partners, which include a California technology engineering firm, BioEnergy Development (BED). Development Status–WTE reports that its partnership with BED has resulted in several completed stages of testing of both its biochemical and thermochemical technology processes (shown in Figure A22), leading to planned demonstration projects in the San Francisco Bay area. Partial funding for these projects is being provided under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Testing to date has involved sorted MSW 113
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Northern California Rice field Asse
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APPENDIX 1. TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER PR
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1-Categories o
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INTRODUCTION The State of Californi
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report provi
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distributed production of bioalcoho
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from corn, sugarcane and other suga
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Table 1-Categories of Biomass Conve
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SECTION 2 - PAST CALIFORNIA BIOMASS
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the technological approach was too
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conversion technology at NREL, prep
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will use matching funds from the U.
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Report: Feasibility Study for Rice
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Environmental issues Market issues
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Presentation: Collins Pine Cogenera
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Syngas Production The thermochemica
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Alcohol Synthesis The direct synthe
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SECTION 4 - BIOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIE
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Feedstock Pretreatment There are a
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Achieving such cost reductions woul
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Another novel approach to bioalcoho
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have been run for a sufficient time
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concerns. This evaluation determine
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The data in Table 5 are based upon
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Thermochemical System (Electricity)
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SECTION 8 - OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALL
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For all of the biomass resource cat
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The above CEC and CBC inventories o
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Economic and Institutional Challeng
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SECTION 9 - GOVERNMENT ROLES AND IN
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SECTION 10 - CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMM
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initial attractive application may
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SECTION 11 - REFERENCES Barrett, J.
Page 67 and 68: Collaborative, California Energy Co
Page 69 and 70: CATEGORY 1-THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
Page 71 and 72: and CO at the compression stage. Th
Page 73 and 74: Range Fuels, Inc., Denver, Colorado
Page 75 and 76: CATEGORY II-THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSE
Page 77 and 78: Figure A4. Enerkem Process Diagram
Page 79 and 80: The slag leaves the gasifier and is
Page 81 and 82: Figure A6. Thermogenics, Inc., Tech
Page 83 and 84: CATEGORY VIII-BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
Page 85 and 86: Figure A8. BlueFire Arkenol Technol
Page 87 and 88: Figure A9. BEI Process Celunol Corp
Page 89 and 90: support systems and using the conve
Page 91 and 92: several years ago, HFTA has been wi
Page 93 and 94: Figure A11. Losonoco Wood-to-Ethano
Page 95 and 96: OxyNol process. TVA is decommission
Page 97 and 98: Technology Characteristics-The biom
Page 99 and 100: Figure A14. PEC Biomass-to-Ethanol
Page 101 and 102: CATEGORY IX - BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
Page 103 and 104: Richland Washington, with U.S. DOE
Page 105 and 106: construction of which could begin i
Page 107 and 108: Figure A16. Iogen Biomass-to-Ethano
Page 109 and 110: commercialize a biomass-to-ethanol
Page 111 and 112: developed by CBE, is used to separa
Page 113 and 114: Figure A19. DuPont Process BioGasol
Page 115 and 116: Technology Characteristics-The Swan
Page 117: CATEGORY X-OTHER BIOLOGICAL PROCESS
Page 121 and 122: CATEGORY XII-FERMENTATION OF SYNGAS
Page 123 and 124: APPENDIX 2. CALIFORNIA ETHANOL PROD
Page 125: Proposed Advanced Technology (Cellu
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