Taking action: achieving gender equality and empowering women

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References 251 Thomas, D. 1992. “The Distribution of Income and Expenditure within the Household.” Paper presented at IFPRI–World Bank Conference, Intrahousehold Resource Allocation: Policy Issues and Research Methods, February 12–14, Washington, D.C. Thomas, S. 1991. “The Impact of Women on State Legislative Policies.” The Journal of Politics 50(4): 958–76. Tinker, I. 2002.“Quotas for Women in Elected Legislatures: Does this Really Empower Women?” Paper presented at WGGP Gender and Transnational Networks Symposium October 17–19, University of Illinois Champaign/Urbana. Tinker, I., and G. Summerfield. 1999. Women’s Rights to House and Land: China, Laos, Vietnam. Boulder, Colo. and London: Lynne Rienner Publishers. Torres, R. 2002. “Lifelong Learning: A New Momentum and a New Opportunity for Adult Basic Learning and Education (Able) in the South.” Department for Democracy and Social Development, New Education Division Document 14. Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA), Buenos Aires, Argentina. Traverso, M. T. 2001. Shrouded in Silence: Domestic Violence in Uruguay. Washington, D.C.: Inter-American Development Bank. Turshen, M. 2001. “The Political Economy of Rape.” In C. Moser and F. Clark, eds., Victors, Perpetrators or Actors?: Gender, Armed Conflict and Political Violence. London: Zed Books. Tzannatos, Z. 1999. “Women and Labor Market Changes in the Global Economy: Growth Helps, Inequalities Hurt, and Public Policy Matters.” World Development 27(3): 551– 69. UIS (UNESCO Institute for Statistics). 2000. Education for All Year 2000 Assessment: A Statistical Document. International Consultative Forum on Education for All and UNESCO. Paris. Ulrich, J. 2000. “Confronting Gender-Based Violence with International Instruments: Is a Solution to the Pandemic within Reach?” Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 7(2): 629–54. UN (United Nations). 1979. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. UN Document A/34/46. New York. ———. 1993. Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women. UN Document A/48/49. New York. ———. 1994. “Report from the International Conference on Population and Development.” New York. ———. 1995. “Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action.” The Fourth World Conference on Women, September 4–15, Beijing. ———. 1998. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. UN Document A/ CONF 183/9*. New York. ———. 2000. The World’s Women 2000: Trends and Statistics. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. New York. ———. 2002a. Gender Mainstreaming: An Overview. New York: UN Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues. ———. 2002b. “United Nations Millennium Development Goals Data and Trends, 2002.” Report of the Inter-Agency Expert Group on MDG Indicators. Statistics Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. New York. ———. 2004a. “Goals, Targets and Indicators.” UN Millennium Indicators Database. Washington, D.C. [Retrieved on December 1, 2004, from UN statistical database at http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/mi/mi_goals.asp]. ———. 2004b. “Statistical Division–Common Database.” United Nations, New York. [Retrieved August 23, 2004, from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cdb/etc/logon.asp?rpage =%2Funsd%2Fcdb%2Fcdb%5Fadvanced%5Fdata%5Fextract%2Easp%3F&type=4].
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The UN Millennium Project is an ind
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Task Force on Hunger Halving hunger
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Foreword The world has an unprecede
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Contents Foreword iii Task force me
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Contents vii Chapter 12 Making it h
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Contents ix 4.1 HIV prevalence rate
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Task force members Task force coord
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Preface At the Millennium Summit in
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Acknowledgments The authors would l
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Abbreviations AGI CEDAW CRC DALY DD
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Millennium Development Goals xix
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2 Executive summary Achieving Goal
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4 Executive summary Gender inequali
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6 Executive summary Sexual and repr
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8 Executive summary The time spent
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10 Executive summary Several types
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12 Executive summary Employmentenha
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14 Executive summary Gender quotas
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16 Executive summary Infrastructure
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18 Executive summary Box 1 Proposed
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20 Executive summary A transformati
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22 Executive summary Women’s orga
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24 Executive summary The internatio
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26 Executive summary The next 10 ye
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28 Chapter 1 Genuine equality means
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Chapter 2 Task force perspective on
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32 Chapter 2 Box 2.2 Achieving the
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34 Chapter 2 The task force believe
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Chapter 3 Strengthen opportunities
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38 Chapter 3 Higher levels of educa
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40 Chapter 3 Female education can r
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42 Chapter 3 All regions except Sou
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44 Chapter 3 Table 3.4 Primary scho
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46 Chapter 3 Table 3.7 Enrollment r
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48 Chapter 3 Scholarship programs h
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50 Chapter 3 Decreasing the distanc
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52 Chapter 3 Support to literacy pr
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54 Chapter 4 Sexual and reproductiv
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56 Chapter 4 At the end of 2004 abo
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58 Chapter 4 Figure 4.1 Rates of ea
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60 Chapter 4 Interventions to impro
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62 Chapter 4 A critical priority is
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64 Chapter 4 Schools can provide li
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Chapter 5 Invest in infrastructure
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68 Chapter 5 Figure 5.2 Women are t
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70 Chapter 5 Taking women’s perce
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72 Chapter 5 Cost is often a constr
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74 Chapter 5 and Elson 1995). If us
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76 Chapter 6 Effective land rights
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78 Chapter 6 Gathering systematic e
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80 Chapter 6 In Sub-Saharan Africa
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82 Chapter 6 Land markets have been
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84 Chapter 6 and recording women’
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86 Chapter 6 At the international l
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Chapter 7 Reduce gender inequality
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90 Chapter 7 In only 17 of 110 coun
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92 Chapter 7 Table 7.3 Female share
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94 Chapter 7 Gender gaps in earning
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96 Chapter 7 An important strategy
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98 Chapter 7 For poor women, public
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100 Chapter 7 Many developed and de
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102 Chapter 7 Decent, productive wo
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Chapter 8 Increase women’s repres
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106 Chapter 8 Only 14 countries hav
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108 Chapter 8 Experience offers fou
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Chapter 9 Combat violence against w
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112 Chapter 9 Surveys often find th
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114 Chapter 9 The economic, social,
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116 Chapter 9 Interventions for com
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118 Chapter 9 Communities play an i
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120 Chapter 9 Box 9.1 Mainstreaming
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Chapter 10 Data and indicators for
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124 Chapter 10 Box 10.1 Proposed in
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126 Chapter 10 The task force recom
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128 Chapter 10 Improving countries
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Chapter 11 The financial costs of i
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132 Chapter 11 A gender needs asses
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134 Chapter 11 empower women. For e
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136 Chapter 11 costs of setting up
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Chapter 12 Making it happen Althoug
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140 Chapter 12 Gender analysis invo
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142 Chapter 12 Through legislation,
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144 Chapter 12 The reporting obliga
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146 Chapter 12 Box 12.2 Cambodia: t
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148 Chapter 12 Box 12.3 Chile: the
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150 Chapter 12 Box 12.5 South Afric
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152 Chapter 12 Poverty reduction st
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154 Chapter 12 The next 10 years pr
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156 Appendix 1 illiterate, while th
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158 Appendix 1 Box A1.1 Regional cl
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160 Appendix 1 Table A1.3 Country p
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162 Appendix 1 are likely to fall b
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164 Appendix 1 Table A1.7 Female an
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174 Appendix 1 Table A1.10 Adult fe
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176 Appendix 1 Table A1.10 Adult fe
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Appendix 2 Reproductive health stat
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Appendix 3 Employment statistics Ta
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182 Appendix 3 Table A3.2 Maternity
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184 Appendix 3 Table A3.2 Maternity
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186 Appendix 3 Table A3.3 Women’s
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188 Appendix 3 Table A3.3 Women’s
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190 Appendix 4 Table A4.1 Share of
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192 Appendix 4 Table A4.3 Results o
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Appendix 6 Summary of e-discussion
Page 223 and 224: 200 Appendix 6 caveats to be consid
Page 225 and 226: 202 Appendix 6 political opportunit
Page 227 and 228: 204 Appendix 6 investment in infras
Page 229 and 230: 206 Appendix 6 does not lower women
Page 231 and 232: 208 Appendix 6 • Conduct public a
Page 233 and 234: 210 Appendix 6 women—hardly a gen
Page 235 and 236: 212 Appendix 6 commented on gender-
Page 237 and 238: 214 Appendix 6 clear is the extent
Page 239 and 240: 216 Notes from many different count
Page 241 and 242: 218 Notes 5. A condition of such ow
Page 243 and 244: 220 Notes 14. The pension is paid o
Page 245 and 246: 222 Notes Chapter 11 1. Using data
Page 247 and 248: References Aboim, M. 2002. “Brazi
Page 249 and 250: 226 References Aromolaran, A. 2002.
Page 251 and 252: 228 References Bid, P., R. Nanavaty
Page 253 and 254: 230 References Case, A., and A. Dea
Page 255 and 256: 232 References ———. 2001. Emp
Page 257 and 258: 234 References Floro, M. 1995. “E
Page 259 and 260: 236 References Harding, S. 1996.
Page 261 and 262: 238 References ———. 2000. “
Page 263 and 264: 240 References Kaufmann, D., A. Kra
Page 265 and 266: 242 References son-Kuhn, and J. Haa
Page 267 and 268: 244 References Mladjenvoic, L., and
Page 269 and 270: 246 References Ostro, B. J., M. San
Page 271 and 272: 248 References Rehn, E., and E. Joh
Page 273: 250 References Global Technical Con
Page 277 and 278: 254 References United Nations Secre
Page 279 and 280: 256 References ———. 1999. “
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