Africa Foreign Investor Survey 2005 - unido

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Annex table 6.4 Annual employment growth (past and future) by subsector Frequencies, mean and median of past annual employment growth (last 3 years) Frequencies, mean and median of future annual employment growth (next 3 years) N MEAN MEDIAN N MEAN MEDIAN Agric., fish., & nat. resources 36 9.7% 3.7% 41 20.6% 1.4% Garment, apparel & leather 23 28.8% 21.7% 23 18.9% 11.0% Auto, machinery & equipment 40 7.4% 2.5% 40 17.3% 2.7% Construction 36 5.3% 0.7% 35 14.3% 7.5% Textile 31 31.7% 0.0% 31 12.2% 2.4% Paper and paper products 13 9.1% 7.9% 13 12.1% 13.1% Food, beverages & tobacco 123 12.2% 3.8% 133 11.9% 3.4% Financial intermediation 93 15.1% 4.5% 88 11.7% 5.3% Marketing, sales & distribution 184 13.5% 3.4% 184 9.4% 4.4% Professional services 68 23.8% 6.2% 66 8.8% 7.7% Chemical, plastic & rubber 140 8.4% 2.8% 142 8.3% 4.2% Basic metals 30 15.7% 1.8% 31 7.7% 3.4% Transport & communication 82 10.3% 2.4% 81 6.9% 3.2% Hotel & restaurant 47 4.0% 0.9% 47 6.2% 2.7% Non-metalic mineral products 24 9.3% 0.9% 23 5.7% 0.0% Elec, gas & water supply 17 17.7% 2.0% 18 4.9% 0.0% Wood products & furniture 26 19.5% 6.1% 31 4.3% 3.3% Publishing & media 14 48.7% 4.4% 12 3.5% 2.1% TOTAL 1,027 13.6% 3.4% 1,039 10.2% 4.1% Annex table 6.5 Ratio of expected re-investment to last year’s sales for different investor categories MEAN MEDIAN N (in USD) (in USD) Sig. Organizational structure L-TNC 215 25.2% 4.8% F(2,752)=3.470 S-TNC 180 71.2% 5.9% p=0.032 FE 360 46.5% 9.4% TOTAL 755 46.3% 7.3% Origin of investor North 430 32.7% 7.3% F(1,739)=5.958 South 311 64.0% 7.5% p=0.015 TOTAL 741 45.8% 7.3% Market orientation Local 525 50.3% 7.1% insignificant Regional 126 49.2% 8.9% Global 103 25.0% 8.4% TOTAL 754 46.7% 7.4% Main sectors Primary 32 33.8% 18.8% insignificant Secondary 384 35.4% 7.5% Tertiary 346 59.7% 7.0% TOTAL 762 46.4% 7.4% Share structure WOE 430 51.3% 7.5% insignificant JV 332 40.0% 7.4% TOTAL 762 46.4% 7.4% Start-up period 1980 and before 236 33.1% 4.1% 1981–1990 86 42.8% 7.8% 1991–2000 347 54.0% 9.2% insignificant 2001 and 2002 86 57.1% 12.7% TOTAL 755 46.5% 7.4% Note: Firms established after 2002 and companies with sales less than USD 50,000 were excluded. 182 Africa Foreign Investor Survey 2005
Annex table 6.6 Ratio of expected re-investment to last year’s sales for different investor categories N MEAN MEDIAN Country Ghana 26 95.6% 5.4% Burkina Faso 47 87.3% 7.7% Madagascar 55 80.8% 8.4% Mozambique 70 66.8% 10.2% Nigeria 92 63.0% 8.4% Tanzania, UR 59 55.4% 15.3% Guinea 31 37.8% 9.5% Uganda 57 35.8% 13.0% Senegal 47 32.4% 5.2% Kenya 78 29.0% 4.4% Ethiopia 33 25.8% 0.0% Mali 37 23.7% 6.5% Cameroon 47 19.8% 7.0% Malawi 50 11.8% 3.7% Côte d’Ivoire 33 9.2% 0.0% TOTAL 762 46.4% 7.4% Subsector Marketing, sales & distribution 135 77.3% 5.2% Hotel & restaurant 37 70.2% 30.0% Transport & communication 56 62.1% 10.0% Garment, apparel & leather 19 60.1% 2.5% Chemical, plastic & rubber 106 54.5% 10.2% Paper & paper products 11 46.7% 28.0% Financial intermediation 63 40.6% 6.9% Auto, machinery & equipment 29 38.1% 4.0% Agric., fish, & nat. resources 32 33.8% 18.8% Professional services 42 33.4% 5.8% Publishing & media 12 33.1% 17.9% Food, beverages & tobacco 95 27.8% 8.4% Construction 28 27.0% 4.8% Wood products & furniture 16 15.6% 7.8% Elec., gas & water supply 13 15.4% 9.3% Non-metalic mineral products 23 14.9% 4.4% Textile 19 14.8% 2.5% Basic metals 26 14.5% 4.6% TOTAL 762 46.4% 7.4% Region of investor origin Middle East and Northern Africa 69 107.3% 6.5% The Americas and Oceania 41 65.8% 12.5% Sub-Saharan Africa (ex. SA) 91 61.3% 8.0% Asia 94 49.2% 4.5% Europe 384 29.7% 7.3% South Africa 51 27.4% 8.0% TOTAL 730 45.3% 7.2% Selected home countries Mauritius 18 180.9% 1.0% Lebanon 36 128.8% 7.9% Portugal 26 83.7% 24.8% United States 22 81.8% 4.7% India 41 70.7% 7.7% Germany 27 51.8% 6.4% Netherlands 18 41.3% 17.9% China and Hongkong SAR 27 27.9% 2.5% South Africa 51 27.4% 8.0% Kenya 25 25.2% 9.4% France 165 23.0% 6.3% United Kingdom 78 21.5% 7.9% Note: Note: Firms established after 2002 and companies with sales less than USD 50,000 were excluded. Annex 183
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Burkina Faso Cameroon Côte d’Ivo
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The designations employed and the p
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Preface Investment is the key to un
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Foreword This is a pioneering and m
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Abbreviations ACP AfrIPANet AGOA AN
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Africa IPA Network (AfrIPANet) serv
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historical roots and regional marke
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cially in the services sector) pay
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small, labor intensive manufacturin
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mostly subsidiaries of small TNCs,
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1. Introduction Little empirical st
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The simplest linkages involve being
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One of the objectives of this surve
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2. Survey methodology Outline of th
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The initial design of the questionn
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transformation explains the differe
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adds up to higher than the total FD
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Figure 3.5 Share of the 15 survey c
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Figure 3.8 FDI stock - book value o
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Table 3.2 Top-5 foreign investor su
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majority of firms global exporters
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Continuing links with the North Fig
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Figure 3.24 Sales, book value, and
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The 25 largest companies in the sur
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Figure 4.1 Sales according to organ
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Figure 4.5 Sales by main sector and
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In terms of job creation, it is cle
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Figure 4.17 Sales by organizational
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clear trend of increasing South com
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of Tanzania. In Western Africa, Cô
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ook value of South controlled, loca
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Figure 4.37 Sales by investor origi
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Figure 4.43 Sales in each start-up
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Figure 4.50 Share structure distrib
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Figure 4.52 Sales by share structur
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Entry period (start of operations)
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Figure 4.65 Sales by market orienta
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Figure 5.2 Investors’ self-evalua
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Figure 5.7 Last year’s sales grow
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Figure 5.10 Annual sales growth (pa
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sales, old L-TNC, is among the lowe
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Figure 5.18 Classification tree of
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mean and median of the output per e
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Figure 5.23 Sales per USD book valu
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6. Impact on the local economy This
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ices firms pay wages that are more
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may be affected by the small size i
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eveals a group of 77 subsidiaries o
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Table 6.2 gives the distribution by
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for accuracy. The whole sample expe
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Figure 6.16 Expected re-investment
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Local content impacts The analysis
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other hand, the thesis, according t
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Figure 6.25 Distribution of main in
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Technology and know-how transfer In
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Figure 6.29 Expenditure on training
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Table 6.17 Number of university gra
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control is of paramount importance
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Table 6.18 Foreign investor’s bra
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Summary Wage and employment growth
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Table 7.1 Exports for main investor
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Figure 7.2 Past and future export g
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Table 7.7 Top regional export desti
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Export markets The long-established
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global exporters’ contribution to
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Table 8.2 Location factors consider
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Figure 8.2 Assessments of changes i
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Figure 8.7 Comparison of importance
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Figure 8.11 Classification tree of
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Figure 8.15 Pre-investment services
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period (average of 15 years) over w
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Figure 9.1 Future employment and in
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taking advantage of the opening up
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associated with FDI. In these count
Page 158 and 159: Table 9.1 Major characteristics of
Page 161 and 162: List of tables and figures FIGURES
Page 163 and 164: Figure 4.65 Sales by market orienta
Page 165 and 166: Table 3.1 FDI stock - book value of
Page 167: Annex table 6.10 Expenditures on su
Page 170 and 171: a work permit? How many engineers/s
Page 173 and 174: ANNEX
Page 175 and 176: Annex table 2.1 Detailed definition
Page 177 and 178: Annex 2.4 Sample size requirements
Page 179 and 180: Annex table 3.2 Distribution of for
Page 181 and 182: BOOK VALUE(in USD) WORKFORCE Number
Page 184 and 185: Annex: Chapter 4 Annex table 4.1 Sa
Page 186 and 187: Annex table 4.2 Sales, book value a
Page 188 and 189: Annex table 4.3 Sales, book values
Page 194 and 195: Annex table 4.6 Subsectors by inves
Page 196 and 197: Annex: Chapter 5 Annex table 5.1 In
Page 198 and 199: Annex table 5.7 Last year’s sales
Page 200 and 201: Annex table 5.13 Annual sales growt
Page 202 and 203: Annex table 5.19 Sales per USD book
Page 205 and 206: Annex: Chapter 6 Annex table 6.1 Wa
Page 207: Annex table 6.3 Annual employment g
Page 211 and 212: Percentage of local content MEAN ME
Page 213 and 214: Annex table 6.11 Expenditure on tra
Page 215 and 216: Annex table 6.14 Proportion of univ
Page 217 and 218: Annex table 6.16 Proportion of expa
Page 219 and 220: Annex figure 6.1 Classification tre
Page 221 and 222: Annex figure 6.5 Classification tre
Page 223 and 224: Annex: Chapter 7 Annex table 7.1 To
Page 225 and 226: Annex table 7.4 Export growth (past
Page 228 and 229: Annex: Chapter 8 Annex table 8.1 Lo
Page 230 and 231: Annex table 8.4 Ranking of countrie
Page 232 and 233: Annex figure 8.1 Assessment of chan
Page 234 and 235: Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) (
Page 236: Printed in Austria March 2007 UNITE
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