final program.qxd - Parallels Plesk Panel

PP 3.38
Follow up Study - Oral Candida Flora from Brazilian HIV 1-Infected Children in the
HAART Era
NADJA R. MELO1*, VITORIA V. P. CULHARI,1 , HIDEAKI TAGUCHI2, AYAKO SANO2,
KAZUTAKA FUKUSHIMA2, STEVEN L. KELLY3 and M. MARLUCE S. VILELA1
1Center of Pediatric Investigation, University of Campinas State, Brazil, 2Research Center
for Pathogenic Fungi and Microbial Toxicoses, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan and
3School of Medicine, Swansea University, Wales
Objective
This study characterized the Candida oral flora from 52 Brazilian HIV 1-infected children,
comparing the Candida species identified in two periods before (PI) and under (PII) the
HIV Protease Inhibitor therapy.
Materials and Methods - Collection of isolates
Isolates of oral cavities from 52 HIV-infected children were investigated in two different
periods. Oral swabs were collected from these 52 children during the period when they
were under double antiretroviral therapy (PI), and when they started HAART including
protease inhibitor (PII). All oral swabs were plated on chromogenic agar.
Characterization of isolates
The isolates were identified according to the standard technique described by Sandven
(1990).
Antifungal susceptibility test
MICs were determined by broth microdilution method of National Committee for Clinical
Laboratory Standards (NCCLS 2002).
Results
There was a significant increase of non-albicans isolates from 9.6% to 28.8% (p=0.005)
between PI and PII groups respectively. In the PII the second most frequent species was
C. tropicalis (n=9) followed by C. parapsilosis (n=8). Rare species found in the PII
included C. dubliniensis, C. norvegensis, C. humicula and C. rugosa. All isolates
investigated were susceptible to amphotericin B. Most of C. albicans and non-albicans
isolates were susceptible to fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole.
However one of seven C. tropicalis isolates was resistant to fluconazole (MIC > 64 µl/ml)
and one C. albicans-B isolate showed cross-resistance to all azoles and amphotericin
tested.
POSTERS
Conclusions
Higher diversity of Candida species was found in group PII, and a significant emergence
of children colonization by non-albicans species with varied antifungal susceptibility. This
study represents the first follow up investigation concerning oral Candida flora and
antifungal susceptibility in Brazilian HIV 1-infected children.
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