Analysis - The Institute for Southern Studies

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Exhibit 5C-11 Projected Future Baseline CCR Beneficial Use Measured as Percentage of CCR Generation Year % Beneficial Use Year % Beneficial Use Year % Beneficial Use Year % Beneficial Use 2001 33.22% 2016 56.67% 2031 71.89% 2046 81.76% 2002 35.11% 2017 57.91% 2032 72.69% 2047 82.28% 2003 36.96% 2018 59.10% 2033 73.47% 2048 82.79% 2004 38.75% 2019 60.27% 2034 74.22% 2049 83.28% 2005 40.49% 2020 61.39% 2035 74.95% 2050 83.75% 2006 42.19% 2021 62.49% 2036 75.67% 2051 84.21% 2007 43.83% 2022 63.56% 2037 76.36% 2052 84.66% 2008 45.43% 2023 64.60% 2038 77.03% 2053 85.10% 2009 46.98% 2024 65.60% 2039 77.68% 2054 85.52% 2010 48.49% 2025 66.58% 2040 78.32% 2055 85.93% 2011 49.95% 2026 67.53% 2041 78.94% 2056 86.33% 2012 51.37% 2027 68.45% 2042 79.53% 2057 86.72% 2013 52.76% 2028 69.35% 2043 80.12% 2058 87.10% 2014 54.10% 2029 70.22% 2044 80.68% 2059 87.47% 2015 55.41% 2030 71.07% 2045 81.23% 2060 87.82% 2061 88.17% Japan’s 17 types of CCR beneficial use applications are listed <strong>for</strong> year 2003 in Table 1 “Breakdown of Fields <strong>for</strong> the Effective Use of Coal Ash” from “Part 2 CCT Overview Environmental Protection Technologies (Technologies to Effectively Use Coal Ash): 5C1. Coal Ash Generation Process and Application Fields” at http://www.brain-c-jcoal.info/cctinjapan-files/english/2_5C1.pdf 166
Exhibit 5C-12 Beneficial Use Trend 100.00% 90.00% 80.00% 70.00% Beneficial Use (%) 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% 2001 2006 2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036 2041 2046 2051 2056 2061 Year Actual Projected 167
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Regulatory Impact Analysis For EPA
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Table of Contents Executive Summary
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Executive Summary This RIA evaluate
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impoundments, the relative number t
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Summary Exhibit 3 Induced Effect of
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Summary Exhibit 6 Comparison of Reg
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Chapter 1 Problem Statement: The Ne
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Bevill Amendments 10 which exempted
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Just three weeks after the TVA’s
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2. Waste & Environmental Management
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This RIA did not discover similar d
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Exhibit 2A Identity of Other Indust
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Require review of surface impoundme
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Chapter 3 Baseline CCR Management i
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Exhibit 3C below, these 495 coal-fi
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Exhibit 3C State-by-State Electric
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3B. Types of CCR Disposal Units Es
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92 plants Offsite landfill fly ash
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electric utility plants in the data
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Exhibit 3E Annual CCR Disposition f
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3D. Size of CCR Disposal Units The
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costs for each type of disposal (no
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annual sampling for surface impound
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o Of the 25 state regulations revie
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Exhibit 3I Baseline Compliance with
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Baseline CCR Disposal Cost Estimati
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Before-tax costs: 50-year period:
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Baseline “Engineering Control”
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assume that the same water trucks w
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memorandum to George Garland, EPA,
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Exhibit 3K Summary of Industry & St
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($80,000 per year average Subtitle
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Validity Check of Baseline Cost Est
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Chapter 4 Estimated Cost for RCRA R
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B. Ancillary costs for CCR disposal
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location restriction mitigation inv
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o Impoundment berms: The average su
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State government average cost per w
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corrective action remedies usually
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Exhibit 4A Two Case Studies: Possib
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Biennial Report”). According to E
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4B.3 Land Disposal Restriction Cost
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The TVA cost study did not estimate
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Using the EPA ORCR 2009$ updated un
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Exhibit 4D Comparison of Annual O&M
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Exhibit 4E Summary of Wet Conversio
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o Recent Trend in CCR Impoundment P
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from coal to other fuels such as na
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o Result of Dry Conversion Cost Upd
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As summarized below in comparison t
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17% phase-out trend suggest the fut
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RIA 50- ye ar period Actual company
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4C. State-by-State Distribution of
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4D. Cost Estimation Uncertainty Thi
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Exhibit 4N Cost Estimation Uncertai
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In contrast to the Exhibit 5A list
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Step 2. Determine Potentially Affec
Page 115 and 116: Step 3. Apply EPA-ORCR 2009 Arsenic
Page 117 and 118: RISKn WELLREACH iRISK EDn N Where
Page 119 and 120: The constant slope allowed estimati
Page 121 and 122: Step 6. Monetize Future Avoided Can
Page 123 and 124: controls like surface-impoundment p
Page 125 and 126: Finally, for Subtitle C, there woul
Page 127 and 128: Exhibit 5A-12 Percentile of Cleanup
Page 129 and 130: Exhibit 5A-16 Per-Site Groundwater
Page 131 and 132: Multiple CCR disposal units at a si
Page 133 and 134: 5B. Benefit of Preventing Future CC
Page 135 and 136: As displayed below in Exhibit 5B-2,
Page 137 and 138: Where: = Observed arrival rate (0.
Page 139 and 140: Step 3. Calculate Future Impoundmen
Page 141 and 142: some surface impoundment regulation
Page 143 and 144: Exhibit 5B-8 Poisson Distribution (
Page 145 and 146: With these new distributions, EPA p
Page 147 and 148: Exhibit 5B-12 Scenario #2: Cleanup
Page 149 and 150: 5C. Induced Effect of RCRA Regulati
Page 151 and 152: Exhibit 5C-1 Estimate of Annual Mat
Page 153 and 154: Exhibit 5C-3 below presents a 2004
Page 155 and 156: To avoid double-counting of economi
Page 157 and 158: 5C2. Potential Effect of RCRA Regul
Page 159 and 160: Others take a different view on how
Page 161 and 162: Exhibit 5C-7 EPA Extrapolation of E
Page 163 and 164: Based on the most recent CCR benefi
Page 165: Beneficial uses of CCR have been co
Page 169 and 170: Increases due to increased disposal
Page 171 and 172: “Using [coal] fly ash in building
Page 173 and 174: Exhibit 5C-14 Historical Annual Per
Page 175 and 176: Hypothetical expansion of CCR custo
Page 177 and 178: Step 6: Apply Estimated Induced Eff
Page 179 and 180: Exhibit 5C-16 Scenario #1: Increase
Page 181 and 182: Exhibit 5C-17 Scenario #2: Decrease
Page 183 and 184: Exhibit 5C-18 Beneficial Use Trends
Page 185 and 186: Exhibit 5C-19 Scenario #1: Benefit
Page 187 and 188: Exhibit 5C-21 Scenario #2: Cost of
Page 189 and 190: Step 10: Quantify Potential Capacit
Page 191 and 192: Chapter 6 Comparison of Regulatory
Page 193 and 194: Exhibit 6B Comparison of Regulatory
Page 195 and 196: Exhibit 6D Comparison of Regulatory
Page 197 and 198: Exhibit 6F Comparison of Regulatory
Page 199 and 200: Exhibit 6F Scaling Factors (Extrapo
Page 201 and 202: Exhibit 6G Estimate of Subtitle D (
Page 203 and 204: detect contamination early and thus
Page 205 and 206: Step 1: Downloaded the annual milli
Page 207 and 208: Exhibit 7A State by State Breakout
Page 209 and 210: Small government: Based on the RFA/
Page 211 and 212: Step 3 & Step 4: Determine and docu
Page 213 and 214: Factor #2 of 2: The small business
Page 215 and 216: how much they use or indeed how muc
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Collection of Minority & Low-Income
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Comparison of Minority & Low-Income
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Exhibit 7G Minority and Low-Income
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Exhibit 7H Comparison of Minority a
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o The state-by-state range of minor
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CCR fraction #3: CCR fraction #4:
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7D. Child Population Statistics (Ex
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Comparison of Child Populations Liv
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Count of plant unique ZCTAds Exhibi
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Exhibit 7K Comparison of Child Popu
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7E. Unfunded Mandates (UMRA) & Fede
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Findings for UMRA Impact and Federa
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Exhibit 7M List of 74 Coal-Fired El
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Analysis - The Institute for Southern Studies

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