Beauheim 1987 - Waste Isolation Pilot Plant - U.S. Department of ...

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observations regarding the potential for vertical fluid movement downward from the Magenta to the Culebra. Mercer (1983) had no data on the static formation pressure of the Forty-niner Member of the Rustler Formation. Data are now available from four locations at the WlPP site which show, with varying degrees of certainty, the relation between Forty-niner and Magenta hydraulic heads. The first, and most ambiguous, data were derived from testing at DOE-2 (Beauheim, 1986). The apparent static formation pressures for the Forty-niner claystone and the Magenta were (recalculated here for the midpoints of the units) 194 psig at a depth of 675 ft and 205 psig at a depth of 711 ft, respectively. Beauheim (1986) noted both as being upper bounds for uncertain values. Uhland et al. (1987) report the specific gravities of Magenta waters at H-5c and H-6c as 1.008 and 1 .OW, respectively. Inasmuch as DOE-2 is approximately midway between H-5c and Hac, the specific gravity of Magenta water at DOE-2 may be assumed to be about 1.006. With this specific gravity, the fluid pressure from the Magenta would be about 16 psi lower at the midpoint of the Forty-niner claystone than at the midpoint of the Magenta, or about 189 psig. This value is 5 psi lower than the estimated static formation pressure of the Fortyniner, indicating a potential for downward flow from the Forty-niner to the Magenta at DOE-2. However, the uncertainties associated with both the Magenta and Forty-niner pressure estimates at DOE-2 are too great to allow any firm conclusions to be drawn. Hydraulic-head data for the Magenta and Forty-niner from H-3, H-14, and H-16, however, allow unambiguous determination of vertical flow potentials between the two units. On the H-3 hydropad, well H-3bl is completed in the Magenta and well H-3d. 32 ft away, is completed in the Fortyniner claystone. The static Magenta water level is about 249 ft below ground surface, and the static Forty-niner water level is about 311 ft below ground surface (Stensrud et al., 1988). The specific gravity of Magenta water at H-3bl is about 1.006 (Uhland et al., 1987), and the midpoint of the Magenta is about 572 ft below ground surface at H-3bl (Mercer and Orr, 1979). The static formation pressure of the Magenta is, therefore, about 141 psig at a depth of 572 ft at H-3bl. The specific gravity of the water in H- 3d is unknown, but considering that the well was drilled with a brine saturated with respect to sodium chloride and has never been pumped, a specific gravity of 1.2 can be assumed. This assumption is conservative in the sense that it will maximize the calculated static formation pressure for the Fortyniner. With the midpoint of the Forty-niner claystone being about 539 ft deep, the static formation pressure of the Forty-niner is about 119 psig, 22 psi lower than the Magenta pressure. The 33-ft elevation difference between the midpoints of the Magenta and the Forty-niner claystone can account for 14 to 17 psi of this 22-psi difference, depending on whether a specific gravity of 1.006 or 1.2 is used in the calculations, but the Magenta pressure remains at least 5 psi higher than that of the Forty-niner. Furthermore, the possible sources of error in these calculations, notably the specific-gravity values used, all act to minimize the amount of pressure differential between the Forty-niner and the Magenta. At H-14, the static formation pressure of the Magenta is estimated to be between 102 and 112 psig at a depth of 436 ft (Section 5.2.4.1), and the static formation pressure of the Forty-niner claystone is estimated to be s 71 psig at a depth of 398 ft (Section 5.2.5.1). Thus, the minimum difference is 31 psi. Even using a specific gravity of 1.2, the 384 elevation difference between the two units could only account for a pressure difference of 20 psi. Consequently, the Magenta pressure is @ least 11 psi higher than that of the Forty-niner claystone. At H-16, data from the 5-packer tool provide static formation pressure estimates for the Magenta of 134 psig at a depth of 603 ft (Section 5.2.4.2) and for the Forty-niner clay of 115 psig at a depth of 568 ft (Section 5.2.5.2), a difference of 19 psi. Given that the waters in the Magenta and Forty-niner clay have specific gravities between 1.0 and 1.2, 15 to 18 psi of this difference can be accounted for by the elevation difference between the Magenta and the Forty-niner. Thus, the Magenta pressure appears to be slightly higher than that of the Forty-niner. However, conclusions about vertical hydraulic gradients at H-16 may be complicated by potential drawdown effects from fluid leakage from the Rustler members into the nearby WlPP shafts. 136
Thus, at three of the four locations where data have been collected on both Magenta and Forty-niner hydraulic heads, vertical hydraulic gradients are upward from the Magenta to the Forty-niner. Data from the fourth location, DOE-2, are too ambiguous to allow definition of the gradient. These observations imply that, at least at H-3, H-14, and H- 16, precipitation cannot be infiltrating through the Dewey Lake Red Beds and other formations overlying the Rustler and recharging the Rustler below the Forty-niner. Furthermore, unless and until a water table is detected in the lower Dewey Lake and its hydraulic head is measured, the possibility of recharge from the surface reaching even the Fortyniner cannot be evaluated. Efforts are currently undeway to determine whether or not a water table exists in the Dewey Lake at H-3 and H-16, but resolution of the question may take several years. In summary, a more complete understanding of vertical hydraulic-head relations among the Rustler members is available today than existed in 1983. Data from the WlPP underground facility (Peterson et al., 1987) and H-16 indicate a potential for an upward gradient from the Salado to the lower Rustler. Data from Mercer (1983) and from H-16 indicate that upward hydraulic gradients exist between the unnamed lower member of the Rustler and the Culebra over much of the WlPP site. Attempts to collect representative data on the formation pressure of the Tamarisk have failed to date, but recent data from DOE-2, H-14, and H-16 support Mercer’s observation of downward hydraulic gradients from the Magenta to the Culebra at the WlPP site. Together these observations imply that the Culebra, the most transmissive member of the Rustler, acts as a drain on the overlying and underlying Rustler. The data from H-3, H-14, and probably H-16 indicate that the present hydraulic gradient between the Fortyniner and the Magenta is upward at those locations, effectively preventing modern precipitation at the surface from recharging the Magenta or deeper Rustler members. Figure 6-3 illustrates these relationships. E G E W cwm DEWEY LAKE RED BEDS ANHYDRITWGYPSUM ? CLAYSTONE ANHYDRITE/GYPSUM MAGENTA DOLOMITE MEMBER 2 I I .? I A CLAYSTONE ANHYDRITEIGYPSUM ?I I 0 U a CULEBRA DOLOMITE MEMBER I J. CLAYSTONE. HALITE, GYPSUM LEGEND: DIRECTION OF HYDRAULIC GRADIENT BETWEEN TWO WATER-BEARING UNITS SILTSTONE SALAD0 FORMATION + ? UNKNOWN DIRECTION OF HYDRAULIC GRADIENT BECAUSE OF UNKNOWN HEAD IN UNIT Figure 6-3. Vertical Hydraulic-Head Relations Among the Rustler Members at the WlPP Site 137
Page 1 and 2:
SANDIA REPORT SAND87 -0039 UC - 70
Page 3 and 4:
SAND87-0039 Unlimited Release Print
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a transmissivity of about 7 x 10-2
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5 . TEST OBJECTIVES AND INTERPRETAT
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3-18 3-19 3-20 3-21 3-22 3-23 3-24
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5-35 H-l5/Culebra Drillstem and Slu
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5-78 5-79 5-80 5-81 5-82 5-83 5-84
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A-2 A-3 A4 A-5 A-6 Single-Porosity
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'H-6 o DOE-2 OHIPP-13 OAIPP 12 OH-1
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WlPP site. The aggregate thickness
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deep. The gamma-ray log used to gui
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3347.11 ft \ - -12.25-inch HOLE -8.
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~ 3409.6 n __ - - HOLOCENE DEPOSITS
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Ylf M (t -1wt 5 n nch REAMED BOREHO
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3418.96 n 7.875-inch REAMED BOREHOL
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2.375-inch TUBING 4.5-inch. 9.5 Ibl
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WELL CASING 2.375-inch TUBING TEST-
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1.5-Inch GALVANIZED PIPE WELL CASIN
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I I I I PRE-TEST STATIC PRESSURE i/
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(or areal extent) of the aquifer on
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:7001 J EQUILIBRATION / r.. .......
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Once straddle tests proved impossib
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1300 c - J PRE-TEST PRESSURE IN TES
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- < a m L: * m 3 L a I Start Date:
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uildups were caused by the natural
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TABLE 5-1 EFFECTIVE DST FLOW RATES
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TABLE 5-2 SUMMARY OF NON-CULEBRA SI
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simulation shown, however, uses a t
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1 .o 0.9 0.8 p' = 79.08 paig pi = 6
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~ ~~ TABLE 5-3 SUMMARY OF CULEBRA S
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Two factors raised questions about
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102 I I 1 1 1 W K 3 v) v) W K n v)
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5.2.2.21 below) and DOE-2 (Beauheim
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..A 225 - PRESSURE ABOVE TEST INTER
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10' n ui K 3 v) v) W a n v) v) 100
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10' MATCH PARAMETERS O n w a 3 v) v
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..CI__._._..__....__.I 5.2.2.6 H-15
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8.0 1 I I I MATCH PARAMETERS AP 1.0
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- 200 150 5 - EQUILIBRATION \Feu 'S
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4.0 1 I 1 1 3.0 I n 2.0 1 .o 0.0 0.
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1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0
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3.0 .hl c El2 2.0 . v n I P 1 .o MA
Page 86 and 87: EI€3- 0.9 "O I OOATA - TYPE CURVE
Page 88 and 89: 4.0 I I I 3.0 MATCH PARAMETERS AP =
Page 90 and 91: 1 .o 0.9 0.8 0.7 1 MATCH PARAMETERS
Page 92 and 93: 1 .o 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0 2 0.5 I 0.4
Page 94 and 95: 1.0, 0 I 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 MA
Page 96 and 97: P-15 was bailed on four occasions i
Page 98 and 99: 1 .o 0.9 0.8 - p’ = 78.93 prig p,
Page 100 and 101: Two type-curve matches are shown wi
Page 102 and 103: 0 5 I ELAPSED TIME. hours Figure 5-
Page 104 and 105: 10’ 1 I I I n a w 5 100 v) v) W a
Page 106 and 107: MATCH PARAMETERS -ip 10 PSI 150 t 1
Page 108 and 109: Considering that all other pumping
Page 110 and 111: I ,EQUILIBRATION BUILDUP Elapsed Ti
Page 112 and 113: 0 9. w 10’ K =a 100 v) v) W a n v
Page 114 and 115: 10’ I I I a J P 100 v) v) W a n v
Page 116 and 117: ~ ~. SLUG t i /- i 3 Start Date 07
Page 118 and 119: Figure 5-94 is a log-log plot of th
Page 120 and 121: was followed by a 92-minute FBU. Th
Page 122 and 123: 10’ 1 1 1 1 a n w’ a = 100 v) v
Page 124 and 125: and anhydrite, and were not conside
Page 126 and 127: 4.0 MATCH PARAMETERS .A. L. 21% 3.0
Page 128 and 129: Estimates of the static formation p
Page 130 and 131: 10’ n w 2 100 v) v) w a P v) v) w
Page 132 and 133: OWIPP-28. 70 OWIPP-27.650 OWIPP-30.
Page 134 and 135: to Nash Draw where no halite is pre
Page 138 and 139: 7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Single-w
Page 140 and 141: REFERENCES Bachman, G.O. 1984. Regi
Page 142 and 143: INTERA Technologies, Inc. 1986. WlP
Page 144 and 145: Stensrud, W.A.; Bame, M.A.; Lantr,
Page 146 and 147: (A-4)
Page 148 and 149: distinct value of Coe2s. Pressure-d
Page 150 and 151: The wellbore storage coefficient is
Page 152 and 153: where: n = number of normal sets of
Page 154 and 155: (A-21) and for spherical blocks the
Page 156 and 157: where: tp* = Vfq, V = total flow pr
Page 158 and 159: Figure A-5. Semilog Slug-Test Type
Page 160 and 161: A.4 INTERPRET WELL-TEST INTERPRETAT
Page 162 and 163: DISTRIBUTION: U. S. Department of E
Page 164 and 165: INTERA Technologies, Inc. (9) 6580
Page 166 and 167: WlPP Public Reading Room Carlsbad M
Page 168 and 169: Nationale Genossenschaft fur die La
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