Sri Lanka Human Development Report 2012.pdf

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Table T.4: Multidimensional Poverty Indicators and Weights Used Dimensions Weight Indicator Demographic and Health Survey Household Income and assigned to number 2006-2007 Expenditure Survey2009-2010 each indicator 10 indicators (2 under health, 10 indicators (2 under health, 2 under education and 6 under 2 under education and 6 under living conditions) living conditions) 1. Health 1.67 1 At least one member of the Calorie (energy) consumption of household is malnourished the household is less than 80% of the requirement, andfood expenditure is more than 60% of total household expenditure 1.67 2 One or more children in the Head of the household chronically household have died ill or disabled 2. Education 1.67 3 No one in household has No one in household has completed five years of schooling completed five years of schooling 1.67 4 At least one school-age child not At least one school-age child not enrolled in school enrolled in school 3. Living conditions 0.56 5 Household has no electricity Household has no electricity 0.56 6 Household has no access to Household has no access to clean drinking water clean drinking water 0.56 7 Household has no access to Household has no access to adequate sanitation adequate sanitation 0.56 8 Household has dirty (mud/dung) Household has dirty (mud/dung) floor floor 0.56 9 Household uses firewood, Household living in a shanty/line charcoal or dung as cooking fuel, room but does not have a separate kitchen 0.56 10 Household has no car and does Household has no car and does not own more than one radio, TV, not own more than one radio, TV, telephone, bicycle, motorcycle or telephone, bicycle, motorcycle or refrigerator refrigerator Note: Indicators slightly modified from United Nations Development Programme 2011a to suit local conditions. Source: Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka internal work and United Nations Development Programme 2011a. Technical Note 171
Multidimensional poverty headcount(H) = (Number of multidimensionally poor persons) (Total population) = q n where q is the number of multidimensionally poor persons and n is the total population of the area considered in the analysis. The intensity of poverty, (A), reflects the proportion of weighted component indicators in which, on average, poor people are deprived. The deprivation scores are summed up for all the people living in the multidimensionally poor households and divided by the product of the total number of indicators and by the total number of multidimensionally (MD) poor people. kitchen’ for the DHS 2006/07 dataset. The change was done after consultations with regional experts The latest Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES 2009-2010), conducted by the Department of Census and Statistics, has the latest data to calculate both consumption/ income poverty and multidimensional poverty for 22 out of 25 districts, including all three in the Eastern Province, and Jaffna and Vavuniya districts in the Northern Province. Again, ∑ q i Intensity of poverty = A = c qd Sum of depreviation scores for all members in MD poor households = MD poor persons×number of indicators wherec is the total number of weighted deprivations the poor experience and d is the total number of component indicators considered (in this case 10). The MPI = MD poor population ×intensity of poverty=HA. The MPI represents the share of the population that is multidimensionally poor. The Datasets Micro-data from two national surveys, conducted by the Department of Census and Statistics, were used to calculate the MPI and related indices for Sri Lanka. The Demographic and Health Survey 2006/07 (DHS 2006-2007) provided all data to compute the MPI and related indices down to the district level. DHS2006/07 does not cover the districts in the Northern Province, however, and is somewhat dated. It also does not contain all standard indicators necessary to calculate the MPI. In particular, standard indicator nine, ‘household uses firewood as cooking fuel, but does not have a separate kitchen’, has been modified. Since around 80 percent of the households in Sri Lanka use firewood for cooking, this indicator was changed to ‘household uses firewood as cooking fuel but no separate however, it does not contain all of the standard indicators required for the MPI. For example, the Household Income and Expenditure Surveys do not usually provide the necessary data to compute the two health indicators shown in Table T.4. Because of the importance of the health dimension, two suitable proxy indicators were used. The DHS 2006-2007 and HIES 2009-2010 datasets are not directly comparable: They share seven common indicators, but differ on three. An attempt was made to compare the health dimensions of the MPI derived from the two datasets, since health is fundamental to multidimensional poverty in Sri Lanka. If Sri Lanka considers the MPI sufficiently important, it may wish to include the relevant indicators in future surveys. Multidimensional Poverty Based on DHS 2006/07 The multidimensional poverty headcount for Sri Lanka, excluding the Northern Province and based on DHS 2006- 2007, was seven percent. This was less than half the income poverty headcount based on HIES 2006/07 (Figure T.1 and Table A4). The MPI for Sri Lanka in 2006-2007 was 0.0278; per UNDP 2010, it was 0.021. 172 sri lanka Human Development report 2012
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SriLankaHumanDevelopmentReport 2012
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Sri Lanka Human Development Report
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Acknowledgements This report would
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sri lanka Human Development report
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Access to water 89 Accessibility to
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Figure 1.1: Share of GDP by Provinc
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Table 2.1 Table 2.2: Table 2.3: Tab
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CHAPTER 1 Why Revisit Regional Dime
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spreading its fruits more equitably
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Negotiations are still ongoing to f
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Box 1.1 A Selected Summary of Damag
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Other Vulnerable Groups A number of
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education financing and the distrib
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CHAPTER 2 Patterns of Human Develop
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population. It accounts for inequal
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Regional Variations in the Human De
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Map 2.1: Human Development Index 20
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Gender Inequality Index Among distr
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Comparing Districts Across Indices
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14.5 percent in 2009-2010. As seen
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Economic Growth and Inequality Alth
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The poverty gap index, which measur
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half the headcount index. For the e
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What are the factors that push peop
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lowest incidence of both income and
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CHAPTER 3 Bridging Human Developmen
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disability of the heads of poor hou
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Infant Mortality and Under-five Mor
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and given three doses each of polio
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as the absence of illness, but also
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Box 3.2: Gender-based Violence The
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Figure 3.7: Distribution of Governm
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Figure 3.10: Medical Officers per 1
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While access to public health care
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Data on access in the Northern and
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People in Conflict-affected Areas F
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Levels)—mark the end of the senio
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Funding Education Public investment
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Figure 4.2: Distribution of Out-of-
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Male children are generally less li
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Deficits in information technology
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supports displaced children who ret
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Educational Performance: Senior Sec
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Building a Knowledge Economy Sri La
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Figure 4.10: Distribution of Univer
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offered by private institutions. 18
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twice the rate for the economy as a
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across geographic locations and by
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Box 5.1 Programmes to Improve Infra
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Figure 5.5: Extent (Ac) of Agricult
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towards constructing multipurpose r
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The length of national, provincial
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performs better in terms of mobile
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Technological advancements and tran
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Figure 5.12: Number of Fishers and
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CHAPTER 6 Bridging Governance Gaps:
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Figure 6.1: Sri Lanka’s Tax Reven
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When taxation becomes more visible,
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Table 6.2: The CPI: Comparing Count
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While the objective is laudable, it
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There has been progress on some ind
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to collect their own revenue throug
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the public sector in policy reform
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Table 6.6: Women in Elected Politic
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CHAPTER 7 Building on Peace, Progre
Page 135 and 136: This is a considerable task, but it
Page 137 and 138: The Ministry of Health in associati
Page 139 and 140: nationally and locally. The decline
Page 141 and 142: Notes sri lanka Human Development r
Page 143 and 144: 54 World Health Organization 2001.
Page 145 and 146: amount equivalent to 8 percent of G
Page 147 and 148: Bibliography sri lanka Human Develo
Page 149 and 150: ———. 2009e. Statistics databa
Page 151 and 152: Draft-13%2006%202010.pdf]. Last acc
Page 153 and 154: ———. 2008c. Land Reforms in S
Page 155 and 156: Table A2: Human Development Index a
Page 157 and 158: Table A4: Income Poverty, Multidime
Page 159 and 160: Table A6: Income Poverty and Measur
Page 161 and 162: Table A8: Demography, Land and Hous
Page 163 and 164: Table A10: Infant Mortality, Under-
Page 165 and 166: Table A12: Maternal Nutrition, Tota
Page 167 and 168: Table A14: Health Awareness Percent
Page 169 and 170: Table A16: Primary Gross Enrolment
Page 171 and 172: Table A18: Government Schools and S
Page 173 and 174: Table A20: Labour Force Labour forc
Page 175 and 176: Table A22: Unemployed Population Un
Page 177 and 178: Table A24: Household Possessions Co
Page 179 and 180: Table A26: Average Distance and Tim
Page 181 and 182: Technical Note sri lanka Human Deve
Page 183 and 184: HDI= (I Life Expectancy ) 1 / 3 ×
Page 185: where MMR=maternal mortality rate;
Page 189 and 190: Figure T.2: Intensity of Poverty an
Page 191 and 192: of the total deprivations of poor p
Page 193: 178 sri lanka Human Development rep
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