Sri Lanka Human Development Report 2012.pdf

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table 3.4: Health Workforce and Infrastructure: A Country Comparison Country physician density per Nursing and Hospital beds per 10,000 people, 2000-2010 midwifery personnel 10,000 people, 2000-2009 density per 10,000 people, 2000-2010 Singapore 18.3 59.0 31 Malaysia 9.4 27.3 18 Republic of Korea 19.7 52.9 123 China 14.2 1.8 41 Thailand 3.0 15.2 22 Philippines 11.5 60.0 5 Indonesia 2.9 20.4 6 Maldives 16.0 44.5 26 India 6.0 13.0 9 Pakistan 8.1 5.6 6 Bangladesh 3.0 2.7 4.0 Nepal 2.1 4.6 50 Myanmar 4.6 8.0 6 Sri Lanka 4.9 19.3 31 Note: The figures are estimated values for the period given. Source: World Health Organization, World Health Statistics 2011. Available health resources are not well distributed, with medical facilities, physicians and nurses concentrated in metropolitan areas, especially Colombo (Figures 3.8, 3.9, 3.10 and 3.11), and scarcer in conflict-affected and poor rural districts. The Government has recognized the need for adequate local facilities to screen patients and refer them to special care facilities as needed, but available evidence suggests that both health personnel and facilities are insufficient. Many patients bypass primary health facilities to directly access secondary and tertiary health care facilities, leading to congestion. 88 Figure 3.8: Government Hospital Beds per 1,000 People Figure 3.9: Government Medical Institutions with Specialties Source: Ministry of Health 2007. Source: Ministry of Health 2007. Chapter 3 Bridging Human Development Gaps: Health 49
Figure 3.10: Medical Officers per 100,000 People Figure 3.11: Nurses per 100,000 People Source: Ministry of Health 2007. Source: Ministry of Health 2007. Medicines Shortages of essential drugs, substandard drugs and easy access to drugs are all health concerns. Currently, the pharmaceutical market is regulated under the Cosmetics, Devices and Drugs Act, No. 27 of 1980, which is implemented by the Drug Regulatory Authority. The Medical Supply Division of the Ministry of Health is authorized to distribute medical supplies to public institutions and narcotic drugs to both state and private ones. Signs that the market is unregulated, however, include the ready availability of substandard, outdated and counterfeit drugs, the dispatch of medicines without prescriptions and drug shortages. 89 Unregulated use of drugs has resulted in adverse health outcomes, including deaths, 90 yet thousands of them are marketed under different brand names. While only a few of the medicines are regarded as essential, 91 over 9,000 are registered in Sri Lanka. 92 Policy makers are aware of these deficiencies and have taken steps such as the 2005 National Medicinal Drug Policy, formulated and approved by the Cabinet, but has not been implemented due to delays in establishing the necessary institutional framework and to lobbying by pharmaceutical companies. 93 Health Financing and Access to Health Services After years of heavy investment, improvements in health facilities and personnel have recently been compromised by more limited resources. As a percentage of GDP, total expenditure on health care 94 has remained around 4 percent from 2000 to 2008, a low rate compared to a global average of around 8 percent of GDP (Table 3.5). 50 sri lanka Human Development report 2012
Page 1 and 2:
SriLankaHumanDevelopmentReport 2012
Page 3 and 4:
Sri Lanka Human Development Report
Page 5 and 6:
Acknowledgements This report would
Page 7 and 8:
sri lanka Human Development report
Page 9 and 10:
Access to water 89 Accessibility to
Page 11 and 12:
Figure 1.1: Share of GDP by Provinc
Page 13 and 14: Table 2.1 Table 2.2: Table 2.3: Tab
Page 15 and 16: CHAPTER 1 Why Revisit Regional Dime
Page 17 and 18: spreading its fruits more equitably
Page 19 and 20: Negotiations are still ongoing to f
Page 21 and 22: Box 1.1 A Selected Summary of Damag
Page 23 and 24: Other Vulnerable Groups A number of
Page 25 and 26: education financing and the distrib
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER 2 Patterns of Human Develop
Page 29 and 30: population. It accounts for inequal
Page 31 and 32: Regional Variations in the Human De
Page 33 and 34: Map 2.1: Human Development Index 20
Page 35 and 36: Gender Inequality Index Among distr
Page 37 and 38: Comparing Districts Across Indices
Page 39 and 40: 14.5 percent in 2009-2010. As seen
Page 41 and 42: Economic Growth and Inequality Alth
Page 43 and 44: The poverty gap index, which measur
Page 45 and 46: half the headcount index. For the e
Page 47 and 48: What are the factors that push peop
Page 49 and 50: lowest incidence of both income and
Page 51 and 52: CHAPTER 3 Bridging Human Developmen
Page 53 and 54: disability of the heads of poor hou
Page 55 and 56: Infant Mortality and Under-five Mor
Page 57 and 58: and given three doses each of polio
Page 59 and 60: as the absence of illness, but also
Page 61 and 62: Box 3.2: Gender-based Violence The
Page 63: Figure 3.7: Distribution of Governm
Page 67 and 68: While access to public health care
Page 69 and 70: Data on access in the Northern and
Page 71 and 72: People in Conflict-affected Areas F
Page 75 and 76: Levels)—mark the end of the senio
Page 77 and 78: Funding Education Public investment
Page 79 and 80: Figure 4.2: Distribution of Out-of-
Page 81 and 82: Male children are generally less li
Page 83 and 84: Deficits in information technology
Page 85 and 86: supports displaced children who ret
Page 87 and 88: Educational Performance: Senior Sec
Page 89 and 90: Building a Knowledge Economy Sri La
Page 91 and 92: Figure 4.10: Distribution of Univer
Page 93 and 94: offered by private institutions. 18
Page 97 and 98: twice the rate for the economy as a
Page 99 and 100: across geographic locations and by
Page 101 and 102: Box 5.1 Programmes to Improve Infra
Page 103 and 104: Figure 5.5: Extent (Ac) of Agricult
Page 105 and 106: towards constructing multipurpose r
Page 107 and 108: The length of national, provincial
Page 109 and 110: performs better in terms of mobile
Page 111 and 112: Technological advancements and tran
Page 113 and 114: Figure 5.12: Number of Fishers and
Page 115 and 116:
CHAPTER 6 Bridging Governance Gaps:
Page 117 and 118:
Figure 6.1: Sri Lanka’s Tax Reven
Page 119 and 120:
When taxation becomes more visible,
Page 121 and 122:
Table 6.2: The CPI: Comparing Count
Page 123 and 124:
While the objective is laudable, it
Page 125 and 126:
There has been progress on some ind
Page 127 and 128:
to collect their own revenue throug
Page 129 and 130:
the public sector in policy reform
Page 131 and 132:
Table 6.6: Women in Elected Politic
Page 133 and 134:
CHAPTER 7 Building on Peace, Progre
Page 135 and 136:
This is a considerable task, but it
Page 137 and 138:
The Ministry of Health in associati
Page 139 and 140:
nationally and locally. The decline
Page 141 and 142:
Notes sri lanka Human Development r
Page 143 and 144:
54 World Health Organization 2001.
Page 145 and 146:
amount equivalent to 8 percent of G
Page 147 and 148:
Bibliography sri lanka Human Develo
Page 149 and 150:
———. 2009e. Statistics databa
Page 151 and 152:
Draft-13%2006%202010.pdf]. Last acc
Page 153 and 154:
———. 2008c. Land Reforms in S
Page 155 and 156:
Table A2: Human Development Index a
Page 157 and 158:
Table A4: Income Poverty, Multidime
Page 159 and 160:
Table A6: Income Poverty and Measur
Page 161 and 162:
Table A8: Demography, Land and Hous
Page 163 and 164:
Table A10: Infant Mortality, Under-
Page 165 and 166:
Table A12: Maternal Nutrition, Tota
Page 167 and 168:
Table A14: Health Awareness Percent
Page 169 and 170:
Table A16: Primary Gross Enrolment
Page 171 and 172:
Table A18: Government Schools and S
Page 173 and 174:
Table A20: Labour Force Labour forc
Page 175 and 176:
Table A22: Unemployed Population Un
Page 177 and 178:
Table A24: Household Possessions Co
Page 179 and 180:
Table A26: Average Distance and Tim
Page 181 and 182:
Technical Note sri lanka Human Deve
Page 183 and 184:
HDI= (I Life Expectancy ) 1 / 3 ×
Page 185 and 186:
where MMR=maternal mortality rate;
Page 187 and 188:
Multidimensional poverty headcount(
Page 189 and 190:
Figure T.2: Intensity of Poverty an
Page 191 and 192:
of the total deprivations of poor p
Page 193:
178 sri lanka Human Development rep
show all

Sri Lanka Human Development Report 2012.pdf

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?