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SÖYLEDİKLERİ VE YAZDIKLARI<br />

Commission on Human Rights,<br />

51st Session, 32nd Meeting,<br />

Question of the human rights of all persons subjected to<br />

any form of detention or imprisonment, in particular<br />

torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading<br />

treatment or punishment<br />

E/CN.4/1995/SR.32 24 February 1995<br />

Summary Record of the meeting held on 20 February 1995<br />

Mr. AKTAN (Obser<strong>ve</strong>r for Turkey) said that his country was<br />

being subjected to an intense campaign of unfounded allegations<br />

by some non-go<strong>ve</strong>rnmental organizations (NGOs). While it was not<br />

unusual for NGOs to exaggerate violations, the exaggerations in<br />

the case of his country came dangerously close to being outright<br />

lies. It was clear that the NGOs in question, such as Amnesty<br />

International and Human Rights Watch, were politically motivated<br />

and his Go<strong>ve</strong>rnment certainly did not regard them as "impartial<br />

humanitarian bodies” within the meaning of article 3 common to<br />

the Geneva Con<strong>ve</strong>ntions. Furthermore, the prevailing approach to<br />

human rights within the United Nations focused exclusi<strong>ve</strong>ly on the<br />

concept of violations, thereby o<strong>ve</strong>rlooking other essential legal<br />

parameters.<br />

Violations were committed in the context of violence generated<br />

by a conflict. An effecti<strong>ve</strong> human rights system should thus<br />

determine first of all whether violence was legitimate in a gi<strong>ve</strong>n<br />

situation. Guidelines in that regard were to be found in the<br />

preamble to the Uni<strong>ve</strong>rsal Declaration of Human Rights, the<br />

Vienna Declaration, and the Declaration on Principles of<br />

International Law. Indirect aggression by means of surrogates was<br />

Gündüz Aktan<br />

77

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