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4.3 Tourism economic value
Tourism in the Okavango Delta Ramsar Site is estimated to generate direct output of P1 115 million,
and directly contributes some P401 million to the GDP (Table 4-1). These values can be compared
with the other direct use values of the delta presented in the following section.
The results in Table 4-1 represent the gross output (turnover) and the gross value added (GDP
contribution) resulting from turnover generated by tourism in the study area. They represent the direct
first-round expenditures of tourists on tourism facilities, as well as associated linkages (see below).
They do not include any indirect impacts, which also result in the broader economy, from these
tourism expenditures due to the multiplier effect. These are discussed in a later chapter.
Table 4-1 Estimated value of annual gross output and gross value added in the Okavango Delta-based tourism
industry using three methods, and average value used in this study (P million, 2005)
Gross
output
Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Average
Gross
Gross
Gross
Value Gross value Gross value Gross
added output added output added output
Gross
value
added
Non-consumptive tourism 910.8 320.7 853.0 340.8 935.3 270.4 899.7 310.6
Hunting tourism 151.5 58.1 170.9 77.9 195.2 65.5 172.5 67.2
CBNRM tourism 31.3 12.7 46.1 20.0 53.3 17.7 43.6 16.8
TOTAL 1 093.6 403.5 1 070.0 442.9 1 183.8 356.5 1 115.8 401.0
Tables 4-2 and 4-3 show average values of the gross output, gross value added (gross national
product contribution) and economic resource rent produced in Okavango Delta-based tourism broken
down by type of product. The products are the different services that tourists visiting the delta spend
money on, and include accommodation and various linked services. The tables show values for the
Ramsar site as a whole as well as for the wetland part of the site only. It can be seen that the wetland
produced some 90% of the GNP contribution of the Ramsar site as a whole.
Table 4-2 Estimated direct gross output, direct contribution to the gross national product and the economic natural
resource rent produced as a result of tourism activities in the Ramsar site (Pula’000, 2005)
RAMSAR SITE
Direct use values
Direct
gross output
Direct GNP
Contribution
Natural
Resource rent
Tourism accommodation
Lodges/Camps (non-consumptive) 445 580 209 460 102 480
Camps (trophy hunting) 103 190 56 890 29 930
Mobile & self-drive safaris 93 290 43 230 18 660
Guest houses, B&Bs, motels 19 660 12 240 4 520
Hotels 13 640 6 170 2 860
Tourism linked activities
Restaurants/bars (independent) 110 180 15 930 7 710
Transport (air charter, airline, road) 105 480 17 980 8 440
Travel agents, guiding services 47 220 9 470 4 250
Shopping 166 590 24 270 11 660
Additional CBNRM income 10 980 5 330 1 100
TOTAL RAMSAR SITE TOURISM 1 115 810 400 970 191 610
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