The Diversity of Sacred Lands in Europe - IUCN

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Conclusion An analysis of the management of natural resources by monastic communities in diverse ecosystems, throughout history, is of great interest from a nature conservation point of view. Such an analysis provides one of the best documented examples, in this part of the world, of effectively managed community-conserved areas that have created, and maintained for centuries, a diversity of beautiful, harmonious, productive and biodiverse landscapes, in very different ecosystems, from the Arctic to the tropics. In particular, those concerned with IUCN Category V – Protected Landscapes – could benefit greatly from the experience of monastic communities over the ages in the management of forests, pastures, and croplands, not to mention the use of renewal energy, in particular, hydro-power. Furthermore, the renewed interest in environmental coherence of many Christian – and also Buddhist – monasteries in Europe and Middle East is a promising trend. Their message, grounded in solid spiritual principles, and extensive traditional management practices that cover many centuries, provides a living example of resilient sustainable life for many other communities to follow. For all these reasons, the conservation community ought to pay more attention to this enduring class of community conserved areas, to identify the lessons that may be learned for other protected landscapes in general, as well as for other types of protected areas, especially those with religious or spiritual meaning or significance, such as sacred natural sites or sacred landscapes. In particular, the practices that many monastic communities have developed so as to be as coherent as possible from an environmental point of view, within technologically developed countries that are ostensibly following opposite trends, should be encouraged and widely disseminated. 169
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The Diversity of Sacred Lands in Eu
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The designation of geographical ent
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table of contents 7 All creation gr
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All creation groans and sighs... Hu
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The borders of science In two areas
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ment. Their intention is the same a
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Introduction to the proceedings of
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have preceded the establishment of
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unique position in Northern Lapland
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Greece, the only monastic republic
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References Aikio, A. (2000). The ge
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Greetings from the Saami Parliament
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Lake Inari. Some of them are planne
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Words of welcome Tarmo Jomppanen Th
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threatened. It is extremely importa
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The concept of indigenous religions
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Kola Sámi oral tradition it is nat
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tic religion today; it is thought t
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References Bäckman, L. (1975), Sá
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Archaeology of sieidi stones. Excav
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fell tops, rock formations, islands
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to know more about the way their an
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jects, cigarettes, alcohol, candles
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place have been considered importan
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Manker, E. (1957), Lapparnas heliga
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Conserving sacred natural sites in
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abies), but they can also be from o
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Sacred natural sites and customs In
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were carried out. It was concluded
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The sacred grove (hiis) of Tammealu
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cial conservation area (IUCN Catego
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Glossary Looduslik pühapaik - a SN
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The location of the Mikytai Site in
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The Mikytai Alka Hill in the landsc
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The topography of sacred places in
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the mid-seventeenth to the first ha
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Zilais kalns - Blue Hill in Latvia
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gators in many publications have be
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It is worth to mention that the ric
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Cukurs, R. (1936). Valmiera - Burtn
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Alevi-Bektashi communities in south
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Additionally, the central concept o
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tine state. By the eighteenth centu
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The most venerated natural elements
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people) (Kressing, 2002) and Bektas
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Balkans and Asia Minor. Most of the
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Mélikoff, I. (1998), Bektashi/Kizi
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Part Three: Managing lands of mains
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The cultural and spiritual sites of
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has been dedicated and since time i
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December 1991. It was founded in 19
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ison, elephants, rhinoceroses, lion
Page 120 and 121: These places often became places of
Page 122 and 123: 1200 BC to AD Iron AD to 476 Roman
Page 124 and 125: As was mentioned above, there is a
Page 126 and 127: Holy Island of Lindisfarne and the
Page 128 and 129: es facing Holy Island Lindisfarne.
Page 130 and 131: somehow helps sanctify a geographic
Page 132 and 133: ality into early Christian forms ar
Page 134 and 135: gree of reconstruction of the (redi
Page 136 and 137: housing the islanders established T
Page 138 and 139: UNESCO, (2011), Durham Castle and C
Page 140 and 141: Landscape linkages between cultural
Page 142 and 143: asin to be connected with other num
Page 144 and 145: The only remnant of the ancient Ple
Page 146 and 147: The Quadrilatero Project, threats H
Page 148 and 149: an ensemble, as they lack connectiv
Page 150 and 151: servation of the wetland ecosystem
Page 152 and 153: The wetland. Steps of protection. 1
Page 154 and 155: Sargolini, M. et al. (2006), Reti E
Page 156 and 157: Part Four: Managing lands of monast
Page 158 and 159: Monastic communities and nature con
Page 160 and 161: or ‘wild’ terrain, the longevit
Page 162 and 163: natural shelter, such as in caves.
Page 164 and 165: verse ancient Coptic monasteries in
Page 166 and 167: Therefore, ‘the actuality of mona
Page 168 and 169: The Holy Island of Arran, UK. Tibet
Page 172 and 173: Mallarach, J.-M. (2005), The Way of
Page 174 and 175: Acknowledgements I am deeply indebt
Page 176 and 177: Managing the heritage of Mt Athos T
Page 178 and 179: miskis, the area has been dedicated
Page 180 and 181: the Athos authorities who have atte
Page 182 and 183: 1992), and to promote the certifica
Page 184 and 185: the necessary arrangements for moni
Page 186 and 187: tive - and decisive - involvement o
Page 188 and 189: Παπαγιάννης, Θ. και
Page 190 and 191: Special Nature Reserve Milesevka an
Page 192 and 193: Serbs. From the eleventh century to
Page 194 and 195: monastery. The Venetian diplomat Ra
Page 196 and 197: Muslim populations of the region, w
Page 198 and 199: community. Thanks to the enormous e
Page 200 and 201: different needs of the stakeholders
Page 202 and 203: References Cmiljanovic, M. (2009),
Page 204 and 205: Part Five: Europe: a wealth of sacr
Page 206 and 207: Diversity of sacred lands and meani
Page 208 and 209: A rock painting portraying an elk f
Page 210 and 211: the protected areas of Finland. In
Page 212 and 213: management and conservation of the
Page 214 and 215: culture is a part of the duties of
Page 216 and 217: References Anonymous (2010a), The v
Page 218 and 219: The Carpathian Mountains, a realm o
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Throughout history, the Carpathian
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In Ceahlău National Park, Romania,
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Christian sacred natural sites Nowa
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grims; Wadowice, the birthplace of
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The Dacian King Decebalus, Porţile
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References Borsa, M., Chifelea, C.,
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The ‘sacredness’ of natural sit
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experience as part of the healing o
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Fox’s experience wears very diffe
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The word, sacred, has an etymology
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St Clement’s Church and Mt Roinea
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point of human ecology. From here a
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Posey, D. A. (ed.) (1999), Cultural
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Synergies between spiritual and nat
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A map of the Barents Euro-Arctic Re
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is associated with an area filled w
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tected area was included in the UN-
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Finland. The pictures on the rock w
Page 256 and 257:
Concluding remarks Sometimes common
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Федотов Г.П. Будет л
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Part Six: Other related issues 259
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On the other hand, the UNESCO-IUCN
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the world (Eliade, 1959), there are
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to assess the applicability of the
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plicable as they are, eight would r
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References Burckhardt, T. (1958). P
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Inputs and comments from the worksh
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equally effective tool as interpret
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Conclusions Results The Delos3 Work
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growing, even within legally declar
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ny, beauty and the interconnectedne
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the world, make to the conservation
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2.7. Friday 09.00-10.30 Session 4:
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Appendices Appendix I: Workshop par
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Pirjo Seurujärvi Park Superintende
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P. 102 Ggia: el.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Page 292 and 293:
The ecological footprint of the Del
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International Union for Conservatio
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