An Unhealthy America: The Economic Burden of ... - Milken Institute

An Unhealthy AmericaMilken InstituteThe following summary table shows the results of the eleven cross-sectional pooled models. The dependent variables—rates of disease incidence/prevalence/mortality—are shown in the left-hand column. The explanatory variables (in thesuccessive right-side columns) include age and behavioral risk assumptions, such as race and smoking. (Projections forprevention and screening innovations are not included since these are calculated by a different method and areaddressed in Model 3.)The results, or estimated coefficients, show the relationships between each disease and the explanatory variables.The relative significance of those results (as indicated by their respective t-statistics, shown in parentheses) is also given.Generally, a t-statistic over 2.0 is significant. A coefficient with an associated t-statistic over 3.0 is considered highlysignificant.The R-squared depicts the degree to which the independent variables (demographic and behavioral risk factors) explainthe disease incidence/prevalence or death rates. The closer R-squared is to 1.0, the better the overall explanatory powerof the model. The number of observations (N) is also provided for each regression.[ 83 ]