here - Linguistic Society of America

different syntactic accounts of this argument-sharing phenomenon and shows that raising, pro, and PRO analyses are eitherempirically or theoretically inadequate. In view of the problems of these accounts, it is proposed that the control structure of aKavalan IVSC is derived via sideward movement of the theme DP from the adjunct clause to the matrix clause for theta-featureand Case-feature checking.Susan Lin (Macquarie University) Session 31Katherine Demuth (Macquarie University)The gradual acquisition of English /l/Previous studies have uncovered acoustic contrasts in children's speech that go unperceived by adult transcribers, suggesting thatadults' impressionistic judgements may be inadequate for a complete understanding of children's acquisition of phonology. In thisstudy, we collected and analyzed video and ultrasound in addition to audio collected from English-learning children between ages3;0 and 7;6. Our data demonstrate that acquisition of adult-like articulations during production of coda /l/s follows previouslyreported trajectories. However, acquisition of adult-like articulations during production of onset /l/s by English-learning childrenlags substantially behind their ability to produce onset /l/s that are perceptually acceptable to adults.Lorelei Logsdon (East Carolina University) Session 64Trends in English transparent virtue namesThis quantitative study focuses on the public naming data available from the Social Security Administration in order to note thetrends in transparent virtue naming practices in the United States since 1880. The data show that the variety of virtue names in useover the last decade is almost quintuple what it was in the late 19 th century, and while Grace, Constance, and Joy have been themost popular among the English transparent virtue names, Grace is the only one that is still ranked in the top 20.Carol Lombard (University of the Free State) Session 70Lazy K’s, Hanging 7’s, Broken Hearts and Rafter H’s: the language and tradition of American cattle brandsFor many generations, cattle brands have served as legal proof of animal ownership and identification for America’s cattleranchers. Beyond this practical function, brands have become powerful icons of the long-engrained tradition of the Americancowboy, and still feature prominently in the language, landscape and lifestyle of cattle ranchers in the American west. In additionto their visible features as marks of animal identification, brands possess certain intangible qualities which enable them to play animportant role as symbolic elements of meaning which reflect the underlying essence of the sociocultural identity of thetraditional western American cattle ranching community.Sara S. Loss (Cleveland State University) Section 3The logophoric distribution of non-clause bound reflexives in Northeast Ohio EnglishThe distribution of non-clause bound (NCB) reflexives (e.g., himself) in American English remains largely unknown, andreported data are contradictory (Ross 1970, Reinhart & Reuland 1993, Zribi-Hertz 1989, Baker 1995, Fasold 2003, inter alia).This paper examines the distribution of NCB reflexives in Northeast Ohio English (NOE) as a step toward understanding thedistribution of American English reflexives. Judgments of sentences with NCB reflexives were elicited using MagnitudeEstimation. NCB reflexives in NOE are logophoric: their distribution is governed by discourse environment, not syntacticenvironment. Contradictory data noted in the literature may indicate dialectal differences or a change-in-progress.Olga Lovick (First Nations University of Canada) Session 98Felix Rau (Universität zu Köln)Prosodic vowel devoicing in North American languages—an areal phenomenon?We investigate prosodic-unit final vowel devoicing in the languages of North America. We can identify two language clusters: thefirst extends over the Great Plains and the Basin and Range region and well into the American Southwest. An apparent secondcluster emerges south of the Great Lakes. We account for the distribution in terms of language contact and diffusion and showthat the particularities thereof are best explained on phonological or historical grounds. Additionally, we discuss the possibilitythat the second cluster might be an artifact of the ahistorical way maps represent Native American languages.178