Acta Facultatis Ecologiae - Technická univerzita vo Zvolene

170Tab. 4 Comparison of observed and modelled dry-deposition velocities (cm s –1 )SurfaceObservationModel calculation for Czech RepublicMean Range Reference Condition Mean Range ConditionSpruce 0–0.7 [23] June 0.26 0.1–0.6 April – SeptemberBeech 0.4 0.1–0.7 [24] April – May 0.34 0.1–0.75 April – September4. CONCLUSIONSThis study describes the modelling of ozoneconcentrations and deposition to a coniferous anddeciduous forest on 1 x 1 km for the territory of theCzech Republic. The deposition has been assessedfrom the measured and modelled concentrations ofozone in the atmosphere.The effects of boundary layer stability werequantified using the observed relationship betweenthe diurnal variability of surface ozone concentrationand altitude. Climatic conditions in higheraltitudes differ from those in lower altitudes. Thelocations in higher altitudes are more exposed toground ozone and are less affected by night inversionconditions. Thus the concentration values ofground ozone in the open grow up with an increasingaltitude of mountain areas of the Czech Republic.It seems clear that patterns of ozone concentrationand pattern of ozone deposition are different.The difference between ozone concentrations andozone deposition is largely due to the fact that inthe central Europe, the meteorological conditionsfavour ozone formations (high temperatures andhigh vapour-pressure deficits) tend to inhibit stomatalconductance and hence uptake.AcknowledgementThis study was funded by the Ministry of Environmentof the Czech Republic.REFERENCES1. KRAUSE, G. H. M., KÖLLNER, B. and GRÜNHA-GE, L.: 2003, ´Effects of Ozone on European ForestTrees Species – A Concept of Local Risk Evaluationwithin ICP– Forests´, in P.E. Karlsson, G. Selldénand H. Pleijel (eds.), Establishing Ozone CriticalLevels II, UNECE Workshop Report, IVL report B1523, IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute,Gothenburg, Sweden, pp. 230–235.2. FUHRER, J. and ACHERMAN, B. (eds.): 1994,´Critical Levels for Ozone´, A UN ECE workshopreport, Schriftenreiche der FAC No.16, Bern-Liebefeld.3. EMBERSON, L. D., SIMPSON, D., TUOVINEN,J.–P., ASHMORE, M.R. and CAMBRIDGE, H.M.:2000, ´Towards a Model of Ozone Deposition andStomatal Uptake over Europe´, EMEP MSC-W Note6/2000, 1–57.4. EMBERSON L. D., ASHMORE M. R., CAM-BRIDGE H., SIMPSON D. and TUOVINEN J.–P.:2000a, ´Modelling ozone flux across Europe´, EnvironmentalPollution. 109, 403–412.5. EMBERSON L. D., ASHMORE M. R., SIMPSOND., TUOVINEN J.-P. AND CAMBRIDGE H.: 2001,´Modelling and mapping ozone deposition in Europe´,Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 130, 577–582.6. ZAPLETAL, M.: 1999, ´Vztah mezi imisními koncentracemia depozičním tokem přízemního ozonudo lesní vegetace´, Ochrana ovzduší, 11(1999), 4–8.(in Czech)7. ZAPLETAL, M., CHROUST, P.: 2007. ´Ozone Depositionto a Coniferous and Deciduous Forest in theCzech Republic´. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus(2007) 7:187–200, DOI 10.2007/s11267-006-9079-5.8. ZAPLETAL, M., CHROUST, P.: 2007. ´Ozone Depositionto a Coniferous and Deciduous Forest in theCzech Republic´. In: Brimblecombe, P., Hara, H.,Houle, D., Novak, M. (Eds.), Acid Rain – Depositionto Recovery, Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands,2007.9. CHMI: 2006, ´Aktuální stav ovzduší. Automatizovanýimisní monitoring´, Czech HydrometeorologicalInstitute, Prague, www.chmi.cz10. PORG: 1997, ´Ozone in the United Kingdom 1997´,Fourth Report of the United Kingdom PhotochemicalOxidants Review Group, Department of the Environment,London.11. COYLE, M., SMITH, R. I., STEDMAN, J. R.,WESTON, K. J. and FOWLER, D.: 2002, ´Quantifyingthe spatial distribution of surface ozone concentrationin the UK´, Atmospheric Environment 36,1013–1024.12. Golden Software: 1999, ´Surfer. User´s Guide. Contouringand 3D Surface Mapping for Scientists andEngineers´, Golden Software, Inc, Colorado, USA.13. VOLDNER, E. C., BARRIE, L. A. and SIROIS, A.:1986, ´A literature review of dry deposition of oxidesof sulphur and nitrogen with emphasis on long-range