Acta Facultatis Ecologiae - TechnickÃ¡ univerzita vo Zvolene

More documents

Recommendations

Info

27ACTA FACULTATIS ECOLOGIAE, 16: Suppl. 1, 27– 31 Zvolen (Slovakia), 2007STANDARDIZED PLANT TESTS FOR GENOTOXICPHYTO-INDICATION OF RADIOACTIVE-CONTAMINATEDSOIL FROM SITES AROUND NPP JASLOVSKÉ BOHUNICEGustáv Murín 1 – Karol Mičieta 2 – Jana Chrenová 1 – Petr Kovařík 31Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Révova 39, 811 02Bratislava, Slovakia, e-mail: gmurin@fns.uniba.sk2Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Révova 39, 811 02 Bratislava,Slovakia; e-mail: micieta@fns.uniba.sk3Faculty of Nuclear Science and Physical Engineering, Břehová 7, 115 19 Praha 1, Czech Republic;e-mail: kvr@ujv.czABSTRACTMuriín G., Mičieta K., Chrenová J. & Kovařík P. Standardized Plant Tests for Genotoxic Phyto-indicationof Radioactive-contaminated Soil from Sites Around NPP Jaslovské BohuniceRadioactive-contaminated soil from sites around NPP Jaslovské Bohunice was evaluated by the standardizedplant tests for genotoxic phytoindication. It confirmed conclusions from our previous tests withwild plants. Considering results from positive controls at Vicia faba and Tradescantia paludosa 02 we maypoint at possible radioresistance. Sources of this effect are discussed.Key words: radioactivity, contamination, plant tests, nuclear power plantsINTRODUCTIONThe first (pilot) nuclear power plant A1 in theSlovak Republic situated in Jaslovské Bohunicesite (60 km from Bratislava) with an electrical outputof 143 MW was commissioned in 1972 and runningwith interruptions till 1977. A KS 150 reactor(HWGCR) with natural uranium as fuel, D20 asa moderator and gaseous CO 2as a coolant was installedin the A1 plant. Refuelling was carried outon-line at plant full power.The first serious accident associated with refuellingoccurred on January 5, 1976 when a lockingmechanism at the fuel assembly failed. The core wasnot damaged and following the reconstruction of thedamaged technology channel, the plant continued inoperation. Serious problems were occurring with theintegrity of steam generators when the plant had to beshut down frequently due to failures and subsequentrepairs. This accident caused death of two workmen.The second serious accident occurred on February22, 1977 when the fuel assembly was overheatedwith a subsequent release of D20 into the gascooling circuit due to human failure in the courseof replacement of the fuel assembly. Subsequentrapid increase in humidity of the primary systemresulted in damages of fuel elements in the coreand the primary system was contaminated by fissionproducts (1).Above-mentioned accidents in the power plantinitiated the monitoring of possible radioactive impacton the environment. The biggest study of thearea was done in the cooperation between the InternationalAtomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and VÚJE(Výskumný ústav jadrových elektrární, ResearchInstitute of Nuclear Power Plants) in Trnava. The19 km long banks of the Jaslovské Bohunice NPPwaste water recipient has been identified as contaminatedby 137 Cs as a result of two accidents onthe NPP-A1 unit in 1976 and 1977, respectively. Intotal, more than 67,000 m 2 of riverbanks have beenfound as being contaminated at levels exceeding 1Bq 137 Cs/g of soil (2).Collected soil samples from the vicinity of NPPJaslovské Bohunice were evaluated under standardtests of Vicia sativa, Vicia faba, Tradescantia –
28Tradescantia paludosa 02 test and Tradescantia4430 test.MATERIAL AND METHODSCollection of samples at site was made thanks tothe cooperation with the VÚJE in Trnava. The expositionwas selectively measured for each sample andreached values between 46.7 – 57 – 196 – 507 – 571pGy/sec. The shielded detector NB 3201 was usedfor measuring the dose rates. The detector wassituated 30 cm above the sample of soil in the placeof “hot spot”. Control locality was chosen in thevicinity of the village Lieskovec – Podunajské Biskupice(60 km SW from Jaslovské Bohunice on thebank of the Danube River without radioactive contamination).Details are shown in Tab. 1.Vicia sativa test was modified the way thatswollen seeds in distilled water have not been cultivatedat filtrate paper, but planted in observed soilsamples. Control sample was cultivated in moistagroperlit and watered by distilled water.Tradescantia micronucleus test (Trad MCN)was realized by the standardized method. Segmentsof standard cultivated plants Tradescantia paludosaclone 02 were covered by tested soil and 12 hours at20 o C exposed (ends of segments were closed in cottonwool which was damped by pabulum Hoagland2). Frequency of micronucleus in tetrads with frequencyof chromosome aberrations in ana-telophases ofI and II meiotic division were observed.For positive control at Vicia faba seeds GammaCelldevice with dose rate of 11.5 Gy/h wasTab. 1: Studied soil samples from the vicinity of NPP Jaslovské BohuniceLocality No. Site of sampling Dose rates 137 Cs pGy/sec1 Manivier drainage, 30 m from the bridge (the village Žlkovce), downstream 5071aManivier drainage, 1 m apart of the spot above (the village Žlkovce),downstream46.72 Manivier drainage, 500 m from the bridge (the village Žlkovce), downstream 5713 Bučany, 15 m from the Dudváh river, downstream 1963a Bučany, 30 m from the Dudváh river, downstream 574Sediment of old river-bed of the Váh river, grassy bottom of the Siladiceriver9.50used. For broader spectra of results a scale of differentlyaged V. faba seeds were treated by emissionsof different doses (2,5; 5; 10 Gy/h) of 60 Co. Doseswere measured by Fricke dosimetre.For positive control at Tradescantia paludosathe exposure from homogenous source of 137 Cswith dose rates of 0.17 and 0.34 µGy.h –1 for 96 hrs(with recovery time of 96 hrs) was used.RESULTSVicia sativa test – Simultaneous test of phytotoxicityand mutagenicityTest was realized at all monitored soil samples.The results are shown in Tab. 2.Tab. 2: Results of the Vicia sativa testSample IC in %No ofana-telophasesFrequence of aberrationsin %1 0 500 0.4 ± 0.41a 0 500 0.2 ± 0.22 0 500 02a 0 500 0.2 ± 0.23 0 500 0.4 ± 0.44 0 500 0.2
Page 2 and 3: Acta FacultatisEcologiaeJournal of
Page 4 and 5: OBSAH / CONTENTSISOL M., MICHALÍKO
Page 6: 5ACTA FACULTATIS ECOLOGIAE, 16: Sup
Page 12: 11ACTA FACULTATIS ECOLOGIAE, 16: Su
Page 18 and 19: 17ACTA FACULTATIS ECOLOGIAE, 16: Su
Page 20 and 21: 19are lower in ill patients compare
Page 22: 21are considered as the most accura
Page 25 and 26: 24- multimode cavities are usually
Page 27: 26the load during its exposure to f
Page 31 and 32: 30Tab. 5: Results of positive contr
Page 36 and 37: 35DISCUSSIONThe ionising radiation
Page 40 and 41: 39222Rn is produced by radioactive
Page 42 and 43: 41180160140this reason we also pick
Page 44: 435001450400350hKz0,8h [m]300250200
Page 47 and 48: 46deposit is that stripped in off-l
Page 49 and 50: 48TruenessTrueness was determined i
Page 51 and 52: 50MATERIAL AND METHODSChloroform (p
Page 53 and 54: 52absorbance [a.u.]1,000,750,500,25
Page 55 and 56: 54Tab. 1: Rrequirements determinati
Page 57 and 58: 56Methods of VOC testing were set a
Page 60 and 61: 59Tab. 6: ContinuedSamples withsurf
Page 64 and 65: 63One of the possible explanations
Page 66 and 67: 65Ai - Ai-1 [Bq.m -3 ]86420-2-4-6-8
Page 70 and 71: 69BiodegradabilityThe great variety
Page 72 and 73: 71degradation starts of late days,
Page 74 and 75: 73Fig. 4 Treated (after 28 days of
Page 76: 75parameters of the cutting process
Page 80 and 81:
79Fraction: D (residual rest) prese
Page 82:
81was not confirmed. Maximum of mer
Page 85 and 86:
84Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of atomi
Page 87 and 88:
86Alpha spectrometryAlpha spectrome
Page 89 and 90:
8880007000y = 6622xR 2 = 0.939SIMS
Page 92 and 93:
91ACTA FACULTATIS ECOLOGIAE, 16: Su
Page 94 and 95:
93Gemer according to the German mod
Page 96 and 97:
95Tab. 1 Results of the chemical an
Page 98 and 99:
97Continuation of Tab. 2 Results of
Page 100 and 101:
99Vlčia Dolina and from the reserv
Page 102 and 103:
101ACTA FACULTATIS ECOLOGIAE, 16: S
Page 104 and 105:
103mg.dm -3mg.dm -35,004,003,002,00
Page 106 and 107:
105year and the average value repre
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
109Sample site 1 Sample site 2 Samp
Page 112 and 113:
111As for the sampling time (Fig. 5
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
115Typha latifolia, Carex sp., Scir
Page 118 and 119:
117conditions for decomposition of
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
121from the background (derived fro
Page 124 and 125:
12311. PETROVSKÝ, E., ELWOOD, B.:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
1272.52.0Correlation coefficient 0,
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
131RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONTable 2 gi
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
135V-1 BOREHOLEThe courses of 222 R
Page 138 and 139:
137AV-2 (40m) 2006A ( 222 Rn) [kBq/
Page 140 and 141:
139soaks into the soil, another par
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
143Fig. 2 The continuous monitoring
Page 146 and 147:
145Indoor radon activity concentrat
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
149Fig. 1 Podlipa dump-fieldCanada)
Page 152 and 153:
151concentrations of Fe. Cu. Cd. Ni
Page 154 and 155:
153DUMP-FIELDREFERENCE SITEppm15001
Page 156 and 157:
155Fig. 5 Compression of wood forma
Page 158 and 159:
157decrease in the following order:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
161SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OFFACTORS THAT
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
165The methods developed to incorpo
Page 168 and 169:
167The effects of wind on ozone con
Page 170 and 171:
169Fig. 6 Mean total and stomatal f
Page 172 and 173:
171transport modelling in North Ame
Page 175:
Acta Facultatis Ecologiae, Volume 1
show all

Acta Facultatis Ecologiae - TechnickÃ¡ univerzita vo Zvolene

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?