Acta Facultatis Ecologiae - TechnickÃ¡ univerzita vo Zvolene

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51AC332 334 336 338 340Magnetic induction [mT]332 334 336 338 340Magnetic induction [mT]BD332 334 336 338 340Magnetic induction [mT]332 334 336 338 340Magnetic induction [mT]Fig. 1 EPR spectra of Fe-zeolite with pyrrole (A), Fe-montmorillonite with pyrrole (B), Fe-zeolite with thiophene(C) and Fe-montmorillonite with thiophene (D). Spectra C and D were recorded at 4-times higheramplification as spectra A and B. The marginal peaks belong to Mn 2+ standardAC332 334 336 338 340Magnetic induction [mT]332 334 336 338 340Magnetic induction [mT]BD332 334 336 338 340Magnetic induction [mT]332 334 336 338 340Magnetic induction [mT]Fig. 2 EPR spectra of TEMPO radicals generated in chloroform suspensions of Fe-montmorillonite with thiophene(A), Fe-zeolite with thiophene (B), Fe-zeolite with pyrrole (C) and Fe-montmorillonite with pyrrole (D)
52absorbance [a.u.]1,000,750,500,250,00200 250 300 350Fig 3 Absorption spectra of 4-chlorophenol solutions(10 –4 mol dm –3 ) after 48 hours of irradiation byvisible light (black line); in the presence of Fe--zeolite with thiophene (blue line); Fe-zeolitewith pyrrole (green line); Fe-montmorillonitewith thiophene (violet line) and Fe-montmorillonitewith pyrrole (red line)We suppose that the first step of 4-chlorophenoldecomposition is the formation of the singletoxygen in 4-chlorophenol water solutions with themodified zeolites and montmorillonites. 1 O 2thencan enter reactions with molecular oxygen whichis present in water and therefore other reactive oxygenspecies (hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals)are produced. These radicals can react with4-chlorophenol and cause its decomposition. Thiseffect of modified natural zeolites and montmorillonitescan be exploited to decontamination ofthe environment polluted by chlorophenol compounds.AcknowledgementsThis work was financially supported by theScientific Grant Agency VEGA of the Ministryof Education of the Slovak Republic, grant No.1/3411/06, No. 2/6180/6 and 1/4453/07.REFERENCESwave length [nm]1. HUI, R. E., NETA, P.: Reactive oxygen species. In: Gilbert,D. L. Reactive oxygen species in biological system.Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999, p. 33–63.2. HALLIWELL, B., GUTTERIDGE, J. M. C.: Freeradicals in biology and medicine. 2nd ed. Oxford ,Claredon Press, 1989, p. 335.3. SCAIANO, J. C., REDMOND, R. W., MEHTA, B.,ARNASON, J. T.: Efficiency of the photoprogressleading to singlet oxygen ( 1 ∆ g) generation by α-terthienyl:Optical absorption, optoacustic calorimetryand infrared luminiscence studies. In: Photochem.Photobiol. 1990, vol. 52, p. 655–659.4. BOCH, R., MEHTA, B., CONNOLLY T., DURST,T., ARNASON, J. T., REDMOND, R. W., SCAIA-NO, J. C.: Singlet oxygen photosensitizing propertiesof bithiophene and terthiophene derivatives. In:J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 1996, vol. 93,p. 39–47.5. JESENÁK, K.: Environmentálna anorganická chémia.Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, p. 68.ISBN 80-223-2072-2, 2005. (in Slovak).6. CASPAR, J. V., RAMAMURTHY, V., CORBIN, D.R.: Preparation and spectroscopic characterizationof polarons and bipolarons of thiophene oligomerswithin the channels of pentasil zeolites: The evolutionof organic radical ions into conducting polymers.In: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, vol: 113, p. 600–610.7. ČÍK, G., HUBINOVÁ, M., ŠERŠEŇ, F. KRIŠTÍN,J., ANTOŠOVÁ, M.: Photocatalytic degradation of4-chlorophenol by ·OH radicals generated by thiopheneoligomers incorporated in ZSM-5 zeoliteschannels. In: Coll. Czech. Chem. Comm., 2003, vol:68, p. 2219–2230.8. BALLAV, S., BISWAS, M.: A conducting nanocompositevia intercalative polymerisation of thiophenein montmorillonite clay. In: Synt. Met., 2004, vol:142, p. 309–315.9. KOZÁČ, J., OČENÁŠ, D., RUSŇÁK, D., HOP-PAN, J.: Mineralogy, characcteristic properties anutilization possibilities of zeolitic tuffite from NižnýHrabovec (East Slovakia). In: Mineralia Slov., 1982,vol: 14, p. 263–275.10. JESENÁK, K.: Laboratory Device for SedimentationSeparation of Powders. In: Ceramics, 1994, vol:38, p. 35–36.11. JESENÁK, K., HLAVATÝ, V.: Laboratory device forsedimentation of fine bentonite fractions. In: ScriptaFac. Sci. Nat. Univ. Masaryk Brun., 2000, vol: 28–29,p. 33–36.12. ŠERŠEŇ, F., SIGMUNDOVÁ, I., CIGÁŇ, M.: Styrylbenzothiazolderivatives and their ammonium saltsas singlet oxygen generators. Chem. Listy, 2006, vol:100, p. 995–996. (in Slovak).
Page 2 and 3: Acta FacultatisEcologiaeJournal of
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Page 20 and 21: 19are lower in ill patients compare
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Page 25 and 26: 24- multimode cavities are usually
Page 27 and 28: 26the load during its exposure to f
Page 29 and 30: 28Tradescantia paludosa 02 test and
Page 31 and 32: 30Tab. 5: Results of positive contr
Page 36 and 37: 35DISCUSSIONThe ionising radiation
Page 40 and 41: 39222Rn is produced by radioactive
Page 42 and 43: 41180160140this reason we also pick
Page 44: 435001450400350hKz0,8h [m]300250200
Page 47 and 48: 46deposit is that stripped in off-l
Page 49 and 50: 48TruenessTrueness was determined i
Page 51: 50MATERIAL AND METHODSChloroform (p
Page 55 and 56: 54Tab. 1: Rrequirements determinati
Page 57 and 58: 56Methods of VOC testing were set a
Page 60 and 61: 59Tab. 6: ContinuedSamples withsurf
Page 64 and 65: 63One of the possible explanations
Page 66 and 67: 65Ai - Ai-1 [Bq.m -3 ]86420-2-4-6-8
Page 70 and 71: 69BiodegradabilityThe great variety
Page 72 and 73: 71degradation starts of late days,
Page 74 and 75: 73Fig. 4 Treated (after 28 days of
Page 76: 75parameters of the cutting process
Page 80 and 81: 79Fraction: D (residual rest) prese
Page 82: 81was not confirmed. Maximum of mer
Page 85 and 86: 84Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of atomi
Page 87 and 88: 86Alpha spectrometryAlpha spectrome
Page 89 and 90: 8880007000y = 6622xR 2 = 0.939SIMS
Page 94 and 95: 93Gemer according to the German mod
Page 96 and 97: 95Tab. 1 Results of the chemical an
Page 98 and 99: 97Continuation of Tab. 2 Results of
Page 100 and 101: 99Vlčia Dolina and from the reserv
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101ACTA FACULTATIS ECOLOGIAE, 16: S
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103mg.dm -3mg.dm -35,004,003,002,00
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105year and the average value repre
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109Sample site 1 Sample site 2 Samp
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111As for the sampling time (Fig. 5
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115Typha latifolia, Carex sp., Scir
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117conditions for decomposition of
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121from the background (derived fro
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12311. PETROVSKÝ, E., ELWOOD, B.:
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1272.52.0Correlation coefficient 0,
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131RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONTable 2 gi
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135V-1 BOREHOLEThe courses of 222 R
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137AV-2 (40m) 2006A ( 222 Rn) [kBq/
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139soaks into the soil, another par
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143Fig. 2 The continuous monitoring
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145Indoor radon activity concentrat
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149Fig. 1 Podlipa dump-fieldCanada)
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151concentrations of Fe. Cu. Cd. Ni
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153DUMP-FIELDREFERENCE SITEppm15001
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155Fig. 5 Compression of wood forma
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157decrease in the following order:
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161SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OFFACTORS THAT
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165The methods developed to incorpo
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167The effects of wind on ozone con
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169Fig. 6 Mean total and stomatal f
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171transport modelling in North Ame
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Acta Facultatis Ecologiae, Volume 1
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