New Ways to Work <strong>2000</strong><strong>European</strong> <strong>Telework</strong>Lessons learned and recommendations.The major lesson learned in Spain is that the future will definitely not be the simple adaptation of the past tothe use of the NTICs. As such, moving most of the traditional workforce to different destination, and justflexibilising jobs in order to improve performance, reduce travelling and save on office costs, is not the way tothe information society. A much deeper and often more subtle transformation is at work: a flat managerialorganisation, outsourcing, group-work, instant information, total attention to clients, the use of many newtools, virtual companies with no boundaries, the major impact of mobile telephony (the most powerfulinvention for human mobility since the wheel), are making telework one more aspect among many other trends,of the way our working habits are evolving into totally new relationships.If the initial telework model should be redefined, today one could say that ”Our place of work, ourinformation and our capacity to communicate have expanded to such an extent that we are, in everyaspect, all working in a single local office”.This has become true, as much for the person who still works at his company headquarters or branch, for thenomadic teleworker, the home worker, as for all the people who use mobile telephony from anywhere at anytime to receive and pass on information and commands. (The great mass of unaware teleworkers)Nowadays, man is no longer the element of change in the world just as it has been through history.Technologies are the main driving element for a rapid transformation and man is increasingly the factor ofresistance to change. Thus any future action after ETD should concentrate on facts and trends finding,dissemination of information, education and empowerment. The definition of new competencies oriented to thenew ways of working are essential to match demand and offer of “worknouveau” in a totally different marketenvironment. The traditional concept of routine work measured by hours of presence and all the consequentwork legislation are the main barrier. Many new work deposits are ready to be exploited but will not be, untilthe adequate new education, labour rules and business concepts have been created.Dissemination of up to date information on all fronts (<strong>Telework</strong>, teleco-operation and teletrade), will beessential for bringing the change of mentality that is necessary at all levels of society. Educators, unions,employers, workers and public administrators must understand and accept that a global change of perceptionhas to take place. It should be followed by new objectives, products and services, as well as new methods ofwork and organisation.Another important lesson learned from experience and from the close collaboration with several <strong>European</strong>Projects is that regional projects that involve the participation of a wide range of local institutions such as theadministration, the town-hall, the chamber of commerce, the employer associations, the local press,consultants and local enterprises in a joint effort, together with similar partners in other countries, are the mostsuccessful: To adapt to the new ways of working in the information society, it is necessary to reach a criticalmass and focus locally on all social aspects of change. The structure of our public administration reflects thefragmentation of all our activities. Reintegrating institutions and processes in one single flow of activities is amajor difficulty.Of all the challenges of the information society, group work is the greatest barrier for people and most of allfor public administrations. Industrial man has been educated to compete for scarce and finished materialresources, not for creating and sharing the unlimited abundance and quality of life implied in a knowledgebased economy.Social, rather than product ergonomics, is now the new goal: “From the welfare state to the well beingstate”.- 98 -
New Ways to Work <strong>2000</strong><strong>European</strong> <strong>Telework</strong>Regional DevelopmentsThe year <strong>2000</strong> has seen a broader concept of telework develop in Spain. Many Regional governments, TownHalls and Cities are adopting special programmes for the wide use of new technologies among the population.<strong>Telework</strong> centres are being established in many towns and rural areas. Among the most ambitious projects:Cybervilla in the seven Canary Islands.This project addresses the three objectives of job creation, training and the promotion of new social services,all in relation with the use of NTICs for local sustainable developmentIn the first phase, many seminars and promotional activities as well as courses will raise the awareness of thecitizens. In the second phase, telematic services will be established and advanced telecommunicationapplications will be promoted.In the third phase new entrepreneurial initiatives will be launched and teletraining services will be madeavailable in all seven Islands. Public Internet accesses to be installed in many areas will include: Cyberterraces, Cyber clubs, Cyber cafes, Cyber workshops, Cyber socio-cultural spaces, all of different sizes andcharacteristics.The website of the project is: http://www.rcanaria.es/ocsi/Teleparques in Andalucia.An attractive project for rural development and environment protection - 23 Telecentres will be created in thevicinity of the 23 natural reserves of the autonomous region of Andalucia.The main objectives of this project are:• To retain high skilled younger people and university graduates from the rural areas surrounding thenatural parks in order to develop a sustainable economy not depending on mass tourism.• To protect the natural reserves by promoting cultural tourism and quality tourism and exploit intelligentlythe exceptional resources of one of the richest natural area of Europe.The project has started with the design of the first telecentre in Rodalquilar (a roman gold mining area withinthe Cabo de Gata natural park in the province of Almería).The government of Andalucia and the Direction of the environment have invited private companies and expertsto collaborate in this project. Siemens, Airtel, ONCE (the Spanish organisation for blind and handicapped),Tragsatec have accepted to participate. "Fondo Formación" and AET, the Spanish <strong>Telework</strong> Association arealso collaborating in this exciting project.A number of LEADER and ADAPT projects are now reaching maturity turning into self sustaining initiatives.Many other projects, services and portals are springing up involving SMEs. E-trade is becoming familiar tomany companies. For instance, a horizontal portal established within an ADAPT project(www.masempresa.com) has succeeded in attracting no less than 50,000 SMEs in a few months.- 99 -