NASA Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

Agency (ESA) science programme. It will perform imaging photometry and spectroscopy in the far infrared and submillimetre
part of the spectrum, covering approximately the 60-670 micron range. The key science objectives emphasize current
questions connected to the formation of galaxies and stars, however, having unique capabilities in several ways, Herschel will
be a facility available to the entire astronomical community. The three Herschel payload instruments and their capabilities are
briefly described.
Author
Space Missions; Astronomical Observatories; Spectrometers; Spaceborne Telescopes; European Space Agency
20040074280 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
COSMOG: Cosmology Oriented Sub-mm Modeling of Galactic Foregrounds
Kashlinsky, A.; Leisawitz, D.; New Concepts for Far-Infrared and Submillimeter Space Astronomy; April 2004, pp. 271-277;
In English; See also 20040074260; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy
With upcoming missions in mid- and far-Infrared there is a need for software packages to reliably simulate the planned
observations. This would help in both planning the observation and scanning strategy and in developing the concepts of the
far-off missions. As this workshop demonstrated, many of the new missions are to be in the far-IR range of the electromagnetic
spectrum and at the same time will map the sky with a sub-arcsec angular resolution. We present here a computer package
for simulating foreground maps for the planned sub-mm and far-IR missions. such as SPECS. The package allows to study
confusion limits and simulate cosmological observations for specified sky location interactively and in real time. Most of the
emission at wavelengths long-ward of approximately 50 microns is dominated by Galactic cirrus and Zodiacal dust emission.
Stellar emission at these wavelengths is weak and is for now neglected. Cosmological sources (distant and not-so-distant)
galaxies for specified cosmologies will be added. Briefly, the steps that the algorithm goes through is described.
Derived from text
Cosmology; Submillimeter Waves; Mathematical Models; Galaxies; Applications Programs (Computers)
20040074281 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Maximizing Science Capability for Far-Infrared Space Missions
Benford, Dominic; Leisawitz, Dave; Moseley, Harvey; Staguhn, Johannes; Voellmer, George; New Concepts for Far-Infrared
and Submillimeter Space Astronomy; April 2004, pp. 278-282; In English; See also 20040074260; No Copyright; Avail:
CASI; A01, Hardcopy
The far-infrared and submillimeter region (20 microns-800 microns) has perhaps the greatest potential of all wavelengths
for advancement in astronomy. When viewed in terms of the cosmic backgrounds, the far-IR is extremely important: half of
the total luminosity in the Universe is emitted at rest wavelengths approximately 80-100 microns. At the highest known galaxy
redshifts (z approximately equal to 6) this energy is redshifted to approximately 600 microns. Existing and planned missions
have a broad range of capabilities, defined in terms of their spectral coverage, spectral resolution, angular resolution, mapping
speed, and sensitivity. In this 5-dimensional parameter space, the far-IR is substantially be-hind most other wavelength bands.
The opportunity for future missions with great discovery potential is evident. Such missions will be well-suited to answering
fundamental questions about the history of energy release in the Universe, the formation and evolution of galaxies, and
formation of stellar and protoplanetary systems. We discuss the parameter space that can be filled by a few well-chosen space
missions, specifically a submillimeter all-sky survey and a far-IR to submillimeter observatory. Ultimately, a long baseline
submillimeter interferometer is necessary to provide sensitivity and angular resolution.
Author
Far Infrared Radiation; Space Missions; Submillimeter Waves; Sky Surveys (Astronomy); Spaceborne Astronomy
20040074284 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA
WaFIRS, a Waveguide Far-IR Spectrometer: Enabling Space-Borne Spectroscopy of High-z Galaxies in the Far-IR
and Submm
Bradford, C. M.; Bock, J. J.; Dragovan, M.; Earle, L.; Glenn, J.; Naylor, B.; Nguyen, H.; Zmuidzinas, J.; New Concepts for
Far-Infrared and Submillimeter Space Astronomy; April 2004, pp. 285-294; In English; See also 20040074260; No
Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy
The discovery of galaxies beyond z approximately equal to 1 which emit the bulk of their luminosity at long wavelengths
has demonstrated the need for high sensitivity, broadband spectroscopy in the far-IR/submm/mm bands. Because many of
these sources are not detectable in the optical, long wavelength spectroscopy is key to measuring their redshifts and ISM
conditions. The continuum source list will increase in the next decade with new ground-based instruments (SCUBA2,
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