Economic importance of the Flemish maritime ports: Report 2002

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ANNEX 9:GLOSSARY AND MARITIME TRANSPORT1 Glossary• As defined in the Oxford English dictionaryPort: a place by the shore where ships can shelter from storms or load and unload; a harbour, a haven.• As defined by M. Stopford 83 :Port: geographical area where ships are brought alongside land to load and discharge cargo.Port authority: organization responsible for providing the various maritime services required to bring ships alongsideland (public bodies or private companies).Terminal: section of the port consisting of one or more berths devoted to a particular type of cargo handling.Provision is also made here for storage areas.• Other elements of port terminology 84 :Dry bulk *: cargo transported loose (ores, coal and grain, etc.).Liquid bulk *: liquid cargo, mainly oil and derivatives.Container: large, standard-format metallic box of 20 or 40 feet (6.1 or 12.2 metres) in length, used for transportingvarious types of cargo.* The opposite of bulk cargo is general cargo (by container, ro-ro or general).Cargo ship: ship for transporting goods. (e.g. for general cargo)Ro-Ro: roll on roll off: horizontal handling of cargo using wheeled vehicles both inside and outside the ship,compare with Lo/Lo - lift on lift off – vertical handling.TEU or « Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit »: unit used to measure the capacity of a cargo ship or of a containers'terminal, and to work out statistics related to transhipment of containers in a given port. Short containers are twentyfeet in length. One TEU corresponds on average to 11 tonnes of cargo.Draught: vertical distance between the waterline and the keel.Terminal capacity: the number of containers that can be handled at the terminal in one year. The capacity ismeasured either in TEU (the most commonly-used unit), tonnes, or the number of containers. It depends ontechnical factors such as the length of the quay wall, the ground depth and the length of time that the containersremain at the terminal.dwt or « deadweight tonnage »: a ship's maximum authorised freight, expressed in TEU or in tonnes – includingcargo, passengers and fuel.Scheduled navigation: navigation following a fixed route (called line), at fixed times and with fixed landing berths,irrespective of the ship's cargo.Short-sea shipping (or SSS): navigation carried out within the limits assigned to long-distance voyages, and at alimited distance from the coastline.8384Martin Stopford, « Maritime Economics », Routledge (1997), p29.Most of these definitions are taken from the weekly bulletin of Kredietbank no.16, 31 May 1996.116 NBB WORKING PAPER No.56 - JUNE 2004
Maritime traffic: total of all the cargo loadings and unloadings which take place in a port during a given period oftime. These figures are used to classify ports by size (cf. chapter 1).2 Maritime transportMaritime transport economics, which forms the focus of this study, is an area of transport economics cutting acrosstwo disciplines, namely economics and civil engineering. Transport economics is different from other fields ofeconomic science in that it considers the activities' spatial dimensions, which represent a cost. This cost is linked asmuch to the structure of the networks that the producers and consumers use, as it is to the supply and demandprofile for a given good.Transport costs vary, depending on the regions of the world and the requirements in terms of speed (e.g.: leanproduction, just-in-time, etc.). The economic problems associated with transport are thus complex and are a majorfactor for a great number of players: vehicle designers, energy producers, government, etc. Furthermore, atEuropean level, motorways, railways and waterways are developed in order to increasingly satisfy the need forstructural development in the least advanced regions. Policies are therefore long-term in nature.Mathematical models for maritime activity have been developed, including that of « ship market modelling », whichenables the supply and demand pattern in the particular case of maritime traffic, to be applied 85 .In view of the fact that there is often no alternative to ocean-going transport, the supply and demand equation formaritime transport follows the equation below:DD t = f (CT t,AH t)SS t = f (MF t,P t)whereDD = demand for seaborne transport (expressed in tonnes x km);CT = tonnes of cargo transported in time period;AH = average haul of cargo (in km)SS = supply of seaborne transport (in tonnes of cargo x km);P = ship productivity (in tonnes of cargo x km / dwt / annum);MF = merchant fleet (in dwt);t = year subscriptDemand, measured in tonnes x km, is defined by the tonnage of cargo to be transported and the distance to becovered per tonne. Supply of transport capacity, measured in the same units, is determined by the capacity of themerchant fleet according to the ships' maximum capacity and the performance of the fleet, i.e. the average tonnagemultiplied by the average annual distance covered, taking account of the ships' maximum capacity.Maritime ports provide the only interface between land and sea. The majority of cargo activities are carried out inthe ports, as dictated by loading and unloading operations.85Martin Stopford, « Maritime Economics », Routledge (1997), pp. 515- 516. The units used in that book are: tons and miles.NBB WORKING PAPER No. 56 - JUNE 2004 117
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AbstractThis paper provides an exte
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conditions than those in Europe in
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1 INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTIn 2002 the
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average 41.1 p.c. of the traffic in
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The study goes on to describe some
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3.1.2 Changes in indirect VAAs poin
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3.3 Comparison of change in value a
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3.5.1 Contract type and human resou
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GRAPH 4TOTAL NUMBER OF STAFF EMPLOY
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as a whole (0.8 p.c. in 2002). Desp
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• A slight decline in solvency wa
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4.1.2 Value addedTABLE 7 SUMMARY OF
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• The car manufacturing rose by 4
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TABLE 9 SUMMARY OF CHANGES IN EMPLO
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TABLE 11 SUMMARY OF CHANGES IN INVE
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4.1.5 Financial ratios (private com
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4.2 Port of Ghent4.2.1 Significant
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TABLE 16 SUMMARY OF CHANGES IN VALU
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4.2.3 Salaried employmentTABLE 18 S
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At the port of Ghent, the major cha
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investments was seen (+ 26.9 p.c.),
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Binnenvaart Bulk en Container Trans
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4.3 Port of Ostend4.3.1 Significant
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TABLE 25 SUMMARY OF THE CHANGES IN
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Changes by sector in direct effects
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continued in 2002. Hence, investmen
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TABLE 32RATIOS BY SECTORSectorsRetu
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4.4 Port of Zeebrugge4.4.1 Signific
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TABLE 34(continued)SUMMARY OF THE C
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• Following two good years for th
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36.0 p.c. in industry and by 51.9 p
Page 72 and 73: By sectorTABLE 41RATIOS BY SECTORSe
Page 74 and 75: 5 SUMMARY OF THE MAIN RESULTS AND P
Page 76 and 77: 5.2 Prospects for the Flemish marit
Page 78 and 79: List of abbreviationsd.w.t.ESA 95EU
Page 80 and 81: TABLE 45CLUSTERSClustersNACEcodesDe
Page 82 and 83: 3.2 SelectionNon-maritime companies
Page 84 and 85: Comment: This is why there is a two
Page 86 and 87: o 3413 early retirement (*)o 3423 d
Page 88 and 89: 5.2 Estimation of indirect effects5
Page 90 and 91: means that this value grew by 4.0 p
Page 92 and 93: 86 NBB WORKING PAPER No.56 - JUNE 2
Page 94 and 95: - ten zuiden: het kanaal Plassendal
Page 96 and 97: Haven van Gent - Port de Gand - Por
Page 98 and 99: Haven van Zeebrugge - Port de Zeebr
Page 100 and 101: Suttak Nace-bel Cluster Sector Defi
Page 102 and 103: Suttak Nace-bel Cluster Sector Defi
Page 104 and 105: ANNEX 4:LIST OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATI
Page 106 and 107: 1.2 EMPLOYMENTTABLE 50SUMMARY OF TH
Page 114 and 115: TABLE 59BREAKDOWN OF FINDINGS BY CL
Page 116 and 117: TABLE 63BREAKDOWN OF FINDINGS BY CL
Page 118 and 119: Table 65(continued)SOCIAL BALANCE S
Page 120 and 121: ANNEX 8: MARITIME TRAFFIC BY PORT I
Page 124 and 125: 3 Intermodality 86In the transport
Page 126 and 127: KB Weekly Bulletin no. 51/16 (May 1
Page 128 and 129: NATIONAL BANK OF BELGIUM - WORKING
Page 130: 53. « Does Financial Liberalizatio
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