Introduction to Cyber-Warfare - Proiect SEMPER FIDELIS

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SUGGESTED FURTHER READING105179. The Guardian. Inside LulzSec: chatroom logs shine a light on the secretive hackers. http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/jun/24/inside-lulzsec-chatroom-logs-hackers; June 24, 2011 [last accessed betweenDecember 2012 and February 2013].180. The Guardian. Inside LulzSec: chatroom logs shine a light on the secretive hackers. http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/jun/24/inside-lulzsec-chatroom-logs-hackers; June 24, 2011 [last accessed betweenDecember 2012 and February 2013].181. The Telegraph. FBI charges alleged anonymous hackers after supergrass claims. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/9127004/FBI-charges-alleged-Anonymous-hackers-after-supergrass-claims.html; March 7,2012 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].182. Washington Post. LulzSec reborn’ claims attack at military dating website. http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/technology/lulzsec-reborn-claims-attack-on-military-dating-site/2012/03/28/gIQA0UkJgS_story.html; March 28, 2012 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].183. The Inquirer. Anonymous offshoot ‘CabinCr3w’ member charged with hacking US police websites. http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/2168410/anonymous-offshoot-cabincr3w-charged-hacking-police-websites;April 17, 2012 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].184. MSNBC. FBI arrests cabin Cr3w hacker for Utah police attacks. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/47075277/ns/technology_and_science-security/t/fbi-arrests-cabin-crw-hacker-utah-police-attacks/#.UBN9e7TY8Xs; April4, 2012 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].185. The Inquirer. Anonymous offshoot ‘CabinCr3w’ member charged with hacking US police websites. http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/2168410/anonymous-offshoot-cabincr3w-charged-hacking-police-websites;April 17, 2012 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].186. Softpedia. CabinCr3w hacker arrested, admits being FBI informant. http://news.softpedia.com/news/CabinCr3w-Hacker-Arrested-Admits-Being-FBI-Informant-262907.shtml; April 5, 2012 [last accessed betweenDecember 2012 and February 2013].187. MSNBC. FBI arrests cabin Cr3w hacker for Utah police attacks. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/47075277/ns/technology_and_science-security/t/fbi-arrests-cabin-crw-hacker-utah-police-attacks/#.UBN9e7TY8Xs; April4, 2012 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].188. NineMSN. The Internet Pranksters who started a war. http://news.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id¼459214;May 8, 2008 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].189. Baltimore City Paper. Serious business. http://www2.citypaper.com/columns/story.asp?id¼15543; January 21,2008 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].190. IT World. That new Facebook friend might just be a spy. http://www.itworld.com/internet/136830/that-newfacebook-friend-might-just-be-a-spy;February 13, 2011 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].191. Times of India. Anonymous hacks CIA website. http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-11/security/31049746_1_cia-site-cia-website-anonymous; February 11, 2012 [last accessed between December2012 and February 2013].192. Crenshaw A. Crude, inconsistent threat: understanding anonymous. Irongeek. http://www.irongeek.com/i.php?page¼security/understanding-anonymous; undated. [last accessed between December 2012 andFebruary 2013].193. Peoples Liberation Front. Public Campaigns. http://peoplesliberationfront.net/campaigns.html. [last accessedbetween December 2012 and February 2013].194. RFE/RL. What is ‘anonymous’ and how does it operate. http://www.rferl.org/content/explainer_what_is_anonymous_and_how_does_it_operate/24500381.html; March 3, 2012 [last accessed between December 2012and February 2013].195. Crenshaw A. Crude, inconsistent threat: understanding anonymous. Irongeek. http://www.irongeek.com/i.php?page¼security/understanding-anonymous; undated. [last accessed between December 2012 andFebruary 2013].196. Corman J, Martin B. Cognitive dissidents. Building a better anonymous’ series, part ii: fact vs fiction. http://blog.cognitivedissidents.com/2011/12/29/building-a-better-anonymous-series-part-2/; December 29, 2011. [lastaccessed between December 2012 and February 2013].197. ZDNet. Anonymous launches ‘operation global blackout’, aims to DDoS the root internet server. http://www.zdnet.com/blog/security/anonymous-launches-operation-global-blackout-aims-to-ddos-the-root-internetservers/10387;February 17, 2012 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].
106 6. CYBER ATTACKS BY NONSTATE HACKING GROUPS: THE CASE OF ANONYMOUS AND ITS AFFILIATES198. The Hacker News. #RefRef—Denial of Service (DDoS) tool developed by anonymous. http://thehackernews.com/2011/07/refref-denial-of-service-ddos-tool.html; July 7, 2011 [last accessed February 21, 2012].199. Information Week. WikiLeaks supporters download botnet tool 50,000 times. http://www.informationweek.com/news/security/attacks/228800161; December 12, 2010 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].200. Crenshaw A. Crude, inconsistent threat: understanding anonymous. Irongeek. http://www.irongeek.com/i.php?page¼security/understanding-anonymous; undated. [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].201. Know Your Meme. Pool’s closed. http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/pools-closed; April 2012 [last accessedbetween December 2012 and February 2013].202. Know Your Meme. Pool’s closed. http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/pools-closed; April 2012 [last accessedbetween December 2012 and February 2013].203. Know Your Meme. Pool’s Closed. http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/pools-closed; April 2012 [last accessedbetween December 2012 and February 2013].204. Know Your Meme. Internet vigilantism. http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/subcultures/internet-vigilantism;May 2012 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].205. Cracked. Eight awesome cases of Internet vigilantism. http://www.cracked.com/article_17170_8-awesomecases-internet-vigilantism_p2.html#ixzz1RZFPycz6;March 23, 2009 [last accessed between December 2012and February 2013].206. IB Times. Anonymous takes on child pornography sites. http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/236744/20111024/anonymous-operation-darknet-child-pornography.htm; October 24, 2007 [last accessed between December 2012and February 2013].207. Mashable. Anonymous shuts down alleged twitter pedophile. http://mashable.com/2012/08/09/anonymoustwitter-pedophile/;August 9, 2012 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].208. Cracked. Eight awesome cases of internet vigilantism. http://www.cracked.com/article_17170_8-awesomecases-internet-vigilantism_p2.html#ixzz1RZFPycz6;March 23, 2009 [last accessed between December 2012and February 2013].209. FoxNews. Hackers declare war on scientology. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,325586,00.html;January 25, 2008 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].210. WirtschaftsWoche (German language magazine). Wie anonymous scientology in die Knie Zwang. http://www.wiwo.de/technologie/digitale-welt/hackernetzwerk-wie-anonymous-scientology-in-die-knie-zwang/6908658.html; July 23, 2012 (excerpt of Parmy Olson’s 2012 book on Anonymous). [last accessed betweenDecember 2012 and February 2013].211. The Guardian. Hackers declare war on scientologists amid claim of heavy-handed cruise control. http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2008/feb/04/news; February 3, 2008 [last accessed between December 2012 andFebruary 2013].212. LA Weekly. My date with anonymous: a rare interview with the elusive internet troublemakers. http://www.laweekly.com/2009-02-05/columns/my-date-with-anonymous-a-rare-interview-with-the-illusive-internettroublemakers/;February 4, 2009 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].213. Jacobson, J. We are legion: anonymous and the war on scientology. http://www.lisamcpherson.org/pc.htm;undated. [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].214. WirtschaftsWoche (German language magazine). Wie anonymous scientology in die Knie Zwang. http://www.wiwo.de/technologie/digitale-welt/hackernetzwerk-wie-anonymous-scientology-in-die-knie-zwang/6908658.html; July 23, 2012 (excerpt of Parmy Olson’s 2012 book on Anonymous). [last accessed betweenDecember 2012 and February 2013].215. Know Your Memes. Project chanology. http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/events/project-chanology;February 2012 [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].216. Jacobson J. We are legion: anonymous and the war on scientology. http://www.lisamcpherson.org/pc.htm;undated. [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].217. National Post. Online group declares war on scientology. http://web.archive.org/web/20080128145858/http://www.nationalpost.com/news/canada/story.html?id¼261308; January 26, 2008 [last accessed betweenDecember 2012 and February 2013].218. Jacobson J. We are legion: anonymous and the war on scientology. http://www.lisamcpherson.org/pc.htm;undated. [last accessed between December 2012 and February 2013].219. WirtschaftsWoche (German language magazine). Wie anonymous scientology in die Knie Zwang. http://www.wiwo.de/technologie/digitale-welt/hackernetzwerk-wie-anonymous-scientology-in-die-knie-zwang/6908658.html; July 23, 2012(excerpt of Parmy Olson’s 2012 book on Anonymous). [last accessed betweenDecember 2012 and February 2013].
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INTRODUCTION TOCYBER-WARFARE
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INTRODUCTIONTO CYBER-WARFAREA Multi
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ContentsPreface ixForeword xiIntrod
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CONTENTSviiHow Real-World Dependenc
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PrefaceSince Stuxnet emerged in 201
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ForewordThe concept of cyber warfar
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IntroductionIt is 2006. An American
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INTRODUCTIONxvinfamous hacking grou
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BiographyPaulo Shakarian, Ph.D. is
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C H A P T E R1Cyber Warfare: Here a
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IS CYBER WAR A CREDIBLE THREAT?3sec
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ATTRIBUTION, DECEPTION, AND INTELLI
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INFORMATION ASSURANCE74. Time: Temp
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P A R T ICYBER ATTACKInformation ha
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C H A P T E R2Political Cyber Attac
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RUDIMENTARY BUT EFFECTIVE: DENIAL O
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THE DIFFICULTY OF ASSIGNING BLAME:
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ESTONIA IS HIT BY CYBER ATTACKS17FI
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ESTONIA IS HIT BY CYBER ATTACKS19Th
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22 2. POLITICAL CYBER ATTACK COMES
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24 3. HOW CYBER ATTACKS AUGMENTED R
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34 4. CYBER AND INFORMATION OPERATI
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44 5. CYBER ATTACK AGAINST INTERNAL
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156 7. WHY CYBER ESPIONAGE IS A KEY
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160 8. DUQU, FLAME, GAUSS, THE NEXT
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172 9. LOSING TRUST IN YOUR FRIENDS
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186 10. INFORMATION THEFT ON THE TA
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200 11. CYBER WARFARE AGAINST INDUS
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210 12. CYBER ATTACKS AGAINST POWER
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224 13. ATTACKING IRANIAN NUCLEAR F
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242 CONCLUSION AND THE FUTURE OF CY
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246 APPENDIX I. CHAPTER 6: LULZSEC
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258 APPENDIX II. CHAPTER 6: ANONYMO
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308 GLOSSARYDDoS distributed denial
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310 GLOSSARYNIST National Institute
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314 INDEXCyber exploitation (Contin
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316 INDEXNATO (Continued)high-level
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318 INDEXTechnical intelligence (TE
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