Introduction to Cyber-Warfare - Proiect SEMPER FIDELIS

64 5. CYBER ATTACK AGAINST INTERNAL DISSIDENTS78. Winning A. Moscow ’March of Millions’ protests Vladimir Putin’s rule. Los Angeles Times. Available at: http://articles.latimes.com/2012/jun/13/world/la-fg-russia-protest-201206131/; June 13, 2012 [accessed July 1, 2012].79. Derinova A. Russia prepares for second March of Millions. Waging Nonviolence. Available at: http://wagingnonviolence.org/2012/06/russia-prepares-for-second-march-of-millions/; June 11, 2012 [accessed July1, 2012].80. Moscow police swoop on opposition ahead of anti-Putin march. RIA Novosti. Available at: http://en.rian.ru/russia/20120611/173974865.html; June 11, 2012 [accessed July 1, 2012].81. Human Rights Watch. Russia: March of Millions. http://www.hrw.org/news/2012/06/13/russia-marchmillions;2012 [accessed October 27, 2012].82. Malavika J. DDoS attacks disable independent news sites during Russian protests. http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/herdict/2012/06/14/ddos-attacks-disable-independent-news-sites-during-russian-protests/; June 14, 2012[accessed October 27, 2012].83. Kavkaz M. Cyber war: DDoS. KGB attacks websites. http://www.muxlima.com/Articles201206/WritersArticles_MarkazKavkaz_0616.htm; June 16, 2012 [accessed October 27, 2012].84. Tung L. Russian citizens targeted in Ustream DDoS. iTnews. Available at: http://www.itnews.com.au/News/300128,russian-citizens-targeted-in-ustream-ddos.aspx?utm_source¼feed&utm_medium¼rss&utm_campaign¼iTnewsþAllþArticlesþfeed; May 10, 2012 [accessed July 1, 2012].85. On Russia day, sites of opposition and independent media attacked by hackers. Rights in Russia. Available at:http://hro.rightsinrussia.info/archive/freedom-of-speech/internet/12-june-2012/ddos; June 13, 2012 [accessedJuly 3, 2012].86. InternetWorldStats. Top 10 internet countries in Europe—December 2011. http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats4.htm; 2011 [accessed October 27, 2012].87. McMillan R. With unrest in Iran, cyber-attacks begin. PC World. Available at: http://www.pcworld.com/article/166714/with_unrest_in_iran_cyberattacks_begin.html; 2009 [accessed July 3, 2012].88. Ahmadinejad hails election as protests grow. CNN.com. Available at: http://articles.cnn.com/2009-06-13/world/iran.election_1_street-protests-voter-irregularities-iranian-president-mahmoud-ahmadinejad?_s¼PM:WORLD; June 13, 2009 [accessed July 3, 2012].89. The answer to Ahmadinejad. Spiegel. Available at: http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/iranianelections-the-answer-to-ahmadinejad-a-622225.html;2009 [accessed July 3, 2012].90. Ibid., Ahmadinejad hails election as protests grow.91. Labovitz C. Iranian traffic engineering. Arbor Sert. Available at: http://ddos.arbornetworks.com/2009/06/iranian-traffic-engineering/; June 17, 2009 [accessed July 3, 2012].92. Timmer J. Using Tor and Squid to loosen Iranian repression by proxy. Ars Technica. Available at: http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2009/06/using-tor-and-squid-to-loosen-iranian-repression-by-proxy/; June 30,2009 [accessed July 12, 2012].93. Thibodeau P. Iran’s leaders fight Internet; Internet wins (so far). Computer World. Available at: http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9134471/Iran_s_leaders_fight_Internet_Internet_wins_so_far_?taxonomyId¼16&pageNumber¼1; 2009 [accessed July 12, 2012].94. Ibid., Timmer.95. Gaffney D. #iranElection: quantifying online activism, In: Proceedings of the ACM WebSci’10, Raleigh, NC,April 26–27; 2010.96. Ibid., Gaffney.97. Ibid., Gaffney.98. Nasr O. Tear gas and Twitter: Iranians take their protests online. CNN.com. Available at: http://articles.cnn.com/2009-06-14/world/iran.protests.twitter_1_facebook-president-mahmoud-ahmadinejad-supporters/2?_s¼PM:WORLD; June 14, 2009 [accessed July 3, 2012].99. Fathi N. In a death seen around the world, a symbol of Iranian protests. New York Times. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/23/world/middleeast/23neda.html?_r¼1&ref¼middleeast; June 22, 2009 [accessed July3, 2012].100. Profile: Neda Agha Soltan, BBC News July30, 2009; http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8176158.stm[accessed October 27, 2012].101. DeRoy G. In Iran, one woman—Neda—becomes a symbol. USA Today. Available at: http://content.usatoday.com/communities/ondeadline/post/2009/06/68337891/1; June 21, 2009 [accessed July 3, 2012].