A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India - Geological & Mining ...

4- 8ft deep 6 5 11 30.56 25.00 10 27.782ft- 2.5ft wide 9 1 10 27.78 37.50 14 38.893ft wide 1 0 1 2.78 4.17 0 0.00use flat stones 12 3 15 41.67 50.00 0 0.00if brick wall, 2.5ft wide 0 1 1 2.78 0.00 0 0.00if stone wall, 3.5 ft wide 0 1 1 2.78 0.00 0 0.00bricks 1.5 ft wide 1 0 1 2.78 4.17 0 0.00stone 2ft 1 0 1 2.78 4.17 0 0.00cement in foundation 2 3 5 13.89 8.33 1 2.78RCC net hook 3 0 3 8.33 12.50 0 0.00Walls Rudraprayag PSI AlmoraPSI Other Total % % %bands every 3ft 19 1 20 55.56 79.17 0 0.00flat stones 1 1 2 5.56 4.17 0 0.00bands 0 2 2 5.56 0.00 0 0.0018 inch thick for stone 0 1 1 2.78 0.00 23 63.899 inch in brick 0 1 1 2.78 0.00 2 5.56plinth 0 3 3 8.33 0.00 0 0.00lintel 0 1 1 2.78 0.00 0 0.00corner band 0 1 1 2.78 0.00 0 0.00throughstones 13 3 16 44.44 54.17 14 38.89column 0 1 1 2.78 0.00 0 0.00RCC 0 2 2 5.56 0.00 0 0.00bricks 2ft wide 1 0 1 2.78 4.17 0 0.00stone 3ft wide 1 0 1 2.78 4.17 0 0.00corner strengthening 2 0 2 5.56 8.33 1 2.78single steel rod 1 0 1 2.78 4.17 0 0.00Openings Rudraprayag PSI AlmoraPSI Other Total % % %small openings 20 6 26 72.22 83.33 18 50.00large openings 1 0 1 2.78 4.17 14 38.89use of iron in frame 0 1 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00far from corners 3 1 4 11.11 12.50 1 2.78depends on wall size 3 3 6 16.67 12.50 2 5.56many openings 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 1 2.78Roof Rudraprayag PSI AlmoraPSI Other Total % % %use of RCC 0 1 1 2.78 0.00 12 33.333 inches 11 4 15 41.67 45.83 6 16.674 inches 2 2 4 11.11 8.33 16 44.44light roof 6 4 10 27.78 25.00 11 30.56thick roof 1 1 2 5.56 4.17 4 11.11no difference, thick or thin 0 1 1 2.78 0.00 0 0.003 in - 1 story, 4in - 2 story 3 0 3 8.33 12.50 0 0.00The Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitigation and Response – A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India 93