A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India - Geological & Mining ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table 3.8: Percentage of safe houses in different villagesFrame StructuresNOV NHS NHSE NUS PSArtola 2 1 1 50Barishina 1 0 1 0Chitai 1 0 1 100Dina Pani 1 0 1 0Falseema 1 0 1 0Gadoli 1 0 1 0Matila 1 0 1 0Paper Sali 2 2 2 10010 3 9 303.1.3c Comparison of study regionsThere is a significant difference in the numbers for earthquake-safe load-bearingand frame structure buildings between Rudraprayag and Almora. Overall, 67 % ofconstructions built by PSI trained masons are safe as opposed to only 30 % forhouses built by masons without PSI training (Table 3.9). The evaluation of theinterviews with masons in both areas support the premise that training is necessaryin all forms of construction practice in the state. Repeated training in Study Area Aand initiation of such training programmes in Study Area B is therefore strictlyrecommended.Table 3.9: Overall comparison of earthquake-safe houses in Study Areas A and BStudy Area A – Rudraprayag Study Area B – AlmoraPercentage safePercentage safeLoad-bearing 57.14 Load-bearing 30.77Frame Structure 74.19 Frame Structure 30.00Total 67.31 Total 30.43The Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitigation and Response – A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India 67
3.2 DiscussionThe discussion segment of this thesis reviews the initial questions put forth in thespecific objectives segment of the study:How effective are PSI’s mason training programmes? Is the gainedknowledge being put into practice? What improvements can be made to thetraining workshops?The training programmes have proven to be effective in that trained masons aremore aware of earthquake-safe features than untrained masons and are in turnputting this knowledge into practice as is seen by the increased number ofearthquake-safe houses built in Study Area A. As construction details are generallyleft to the mason, it is hoped that this increased knowledge of essential featureswill continue to be incorporated into the building practice in this region and bepassed on to other masons. Both PSI trained and untrained masons claimed toadvise homeowners on earthquake-safe features, therefore this enhancedknowledge and skill base can also be passed down to the homeowners. It isstressed that repeatedly disseminating information and monitoring constructions iscritical to ensure the sustainability of these practices.There are several recommendations for improving the workshops: 1) framestructures need to be covered in greater detail in the overall pedagogy to keep upwith the shift in building trends, including a detailed segment on bar bendingtechniques, 2) course duration should be no less than five days with a largecomponent of practical training, 3) PSI should collaborate with other agenciesactive in this field in order to develop a state-wide workshop template tostandardise training, 4) information needs to be provided more frequently andintensively for both masons and homeowners in the state of Uttarakhand, withparticular emphasis placed on the costs of earthquake features.The Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitigation and Response – A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India 68
Page 1 and 2:
The Role of Non GovernmentalOrganis
Page 3 and 4:
Table of contentsChapter 1 - Introd
Page 5 and 6:
List of figuresFigure 1.1: Study re
Page 7 and 8:
preparedness, and has potential to
Page 9 and 10:
This case study investigates the im
Page 11 and 12:
• What are homeowner perceptions
Page 13 and 14:
Seismic activity in this area is du
Page 15 and 16:
The study comprises two regions: St
Page 17 and 18:
1.4.1 - b Study Area B- Almora dist
Page 19 and 20:
etc. operational). The study involv
Page 21 and 22:
Chapter 2 - Theoretical Orientation
Page 23 and 24: 2.1.2 VulnerabilityVulnerability is
Page 25 and 26: of a disaster everyone knows how to
Page 27 and 28: disaster management in the country,
Page 29 and 30: Despite the apparent increased cons
Page 31 and 32: 2.3.1 Disaster Mitigation and Prepa
Page 33 and 34: save lives. This event marked a pri
Page 35 and 36: Systems technologies and education
Page 37 and 38: As suggested previously, there is a
Page 39 and 40: on the main agenda (Benson et al, 2
Page 41 and 42: Frame structureFramed structures ha
Page 43 and 44: The curriculum of the PSI workshops
Page 45 and 46: Figure 2.2a: Community based disast
Page 47 and 48: district irrespective of the fact t
Page 49 and 50: etrofitting, monitoring and homeown
Page 51 and 52: structures as an alarming forty-fiv
Page 53 and 54: Reponses for what features masons t
Page 55 and 56: trained masons in the Study Area A
Page 57 and 58: ecommended that a similar study be
Page 59 and 60: 3.1.2b Awareness and Dissemination
Page 61 and 62: It is interesting to note that when
Page 63 and 64: Community based disaster preparedne
Page 65 and 66: 3.1.3 - Section 3 Housing Impact As
Page 67 and 68: Load-bearing1.single steel rod in e
Page 69 and 70: The overall proportion of newly bui
Page 71 and 72: etween stirrups of 6-12 inches. Alt
Page 73: Table 3.7: Percentage of safe house
Page 77 and 78: In Study Area A the number of earth
Page 79 and 80: 2) mitigation measures were taken i
Page 81 and 82: 3.3 ConclusionsIn conclusion, the s
Page 83 and 84: ReferencesAlexander, D., 1997. The
Page 85 and 86: Guptasarma, D. 1996. Is the Seismic
Page 87 and 88: Telford, J. and Cosgrave, J., 2007.
Page 89 and 90: Annex I - Earthquake safe featuresT
Page 91 and 92: The Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitiga
Page 97 and 98: Annex 2 - Mason Interview ResultsSt
Page 99 and 100: 11. How to make such a course more
Page 101 and 102: sloped roof 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 1 2.78s
Page 103 and 104: 17. Do homeowners request earthquak
Page 105 and 106: light roof 1 0 1 2.78 0 0.00RCC 1 3
Page 107 and 108: 6. How long have you lived in the v
Page 109 and 110: 16. Do you have an emergency commun
Page 111 and 112: 26. What activities related to the
Page 113 and 114: 36. Would you prefer traditional ma
Page 115 and 116: Appendix IV - Breakdown of earthqua
Page 117: Appendix IV - Breakdown of earthqua
show all

A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India - Geological & Mining ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?