A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India - Geological & Mining ...

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NGO based in the town of Almora, facilitated site selection and programmeplanning in the Study Area B.1.4.1 – a Study Area A – Rudraprayag district, Garwhal regionStudy area A comprises 24 villages in the Manadakini Valley, Rudraprayag District.An equal number of remote villages and villages with direct road access wereselected:Villages with direct road access include: Bhatwari, Kyunja, Kansili, Jabri,Machkandi, Bhanaj, Dungri, Kandara, Kinjani, Kontha in the Kyunja-gad; Bhiri inthe Kusum-gad; and Sari and Makku in the Akashkamni-gad.Villages more than 0.5 km from the nearest road include: Senna, Akhorhi, Tweri,Kalai, Kera-Talla, Rawa, Kandra in the Kyunja-gad; Dharsal and Sursal in theKusum-gad; and Dilmi, Daira, and Barangali in the Akashkamni-gad.The region is defined geographically by steephills and narrow roadways, communication issomewhat limited, internet access is notcommon in mountain communities and mobiletelephone communication is not alwaysoperational. The local language is Garwhali.This region has had a number of disastermitigation and preparedness initiatives carriedout in response to the effects of two recentlarge earthquakes, Uttarkashi (1991) andChamoli (1999), both in Garwhal.The Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitigation and Response – A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India 9
1.4.1 – b Study Area B- Almora district, Kumaon regionStudy area B comprises 22 villages in the Almora District. An equal number ofremote villages and villages with direct road access were selected:Villages with direct road access include: Chatai Tiwari, Chatai Pant, Gagashwar,Jyoli, Kanali, Maatgao, Maniaghar, Matina, Mantola, Narayan Datt Tiwari, andPapar Sali.Villages more than 0.5km from the nearest road include: Bisra, Chhani,Gardoli, Gaiyaithal, Gatura, Kachula, Nani, Pakhadhar, Sela, Shishrad, and SupyiThe area also has a predominantly hilly topography but is more developed overall,with wider roadways and better communication services. This area has not recentlyexperienced a disaster on the same scale as Uttarkashi or Chamoli. Nevertheless,it lies in Zone V and IV of the seismic hazard map but no disaster awareness orbuilding programmes have been carried out there to this date. The local languageis Kumao.1.4.2 MethodsThe study is divided into three key sections: Section 1) interviews with trained anduntrained masons, Section 2) a disaster preparedness questionnaire directed atcommunity members, and Section 3) housing impact assessment. Methodologiesfor each section are described below.1.4.2 - Section 1 Interviews with trained and untrained masonsThe assessment was conducted by means of elite interviews with 36 trainedmasons from Study Area A and 36 untrained masons from Study Area B. Masonsselected for the assessment in Study Area A all had previous training inThe Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitigation and Response – A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India 10
Page 1 and 2: The Role of Non GovernmentalOrganis
Page 3 and 4: Table of contentsChapter 1 - Introd
Page 5 and 6: List of figuresFigure 1.1: Study re
Page 7 and 8: preparedness, and has potential to
Page 9 and 10: This case study investigates the im
Page 11 and 12: • What are homeowner perceptions
Page 13 and 14: Seismic activity in this area is du
Page 15: The study comprises two regions: St
Page 19 and 20: etc. operational). The study involv
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 2 - Theoretical Orientation
Page 23 and 24: 2.1.2 VulnerabilityVulnerability is
Page 25 and 26: of a disaster everyone knows how to
Page 27 and 28: disaster management in the country,
Page 29 and 30: Despite the apparent increased cons
Page 31 and 32: 2.3.1 Disaster Mitigation and Prepa
Page 33 and 34: save lives. This event marked a pri
Page 35 and 36: Systems technologies and education
Page 37 and 38: As suggested previously, there is a
Page 39 and 40: on the main agenda (Benson et al, 2
Page 41 and 42: Frame structureFramed structures ha
Page 43 and 44: The curriculum of the PSI workshops
Page 45 and 46: Figure 2.2a: Community based disast
Page 47 and 48: district irrespective of the fact t
Page 49 and 50: etrofitting, monitoring and homeown
Page 51 and 52: structures as an alarming forty-fiv
Page 53 and 54: Reponses for what features masons t
Page 55 and 56: trained masons in the Study Area A
Page 57 and 58: ecommended that a similar study be
Page 59 and 60: 3.1.2b Awareness and Dissemination
Page 61 and 62: It is interesting to note that when
Page 63 and 64: Community based disaster preparedne
Page 65 and 66: 3.1.3 - Section 3 Housing Impact As
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Load-bearing1.single steel rod in e
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The overall proportion of newly bui
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etween stirrups of 6-12 inches. Alt
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Table 3.7: Percentage of safe house
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3.2 DiscussionThe discussion segmen
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In Study Area A the number of earth
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2) mitigation measures were taken i
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3.3 ConclusionsIn conclusion, the s
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ReferencesAlexander, D., 1997. The
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Guptasarma, D. 1996. Is the Seismic
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Telford, J. and Cosgrave, J., 2007.
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Annex I - Earthquake safe featuresT
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The Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitiga
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Annex 2 - Mason Interview ResultsSt
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11. How to make such a course more
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sloped roof 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 1 2.78s
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17. Do homeowners request earthquak
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light roof 1 0 1 2.78 0 0.00RCC 1 3
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6. How long have you lived in the v
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16. Do you have an emergency commun
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26. What activities related to the
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36. Would you prefer traditional ma
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Appendix IV - Breakdown of earthqua
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Appendix IV - Breakdown of earthqua
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